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Biomedical subjects

G O Taylor

Publications and source records attributed to G O Taylor.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Plasma lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase activity, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and cholesterol ester in cholestasis.

Lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase activity, cholesterol ester and high density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations were determined in Nigerian subjects suffering from cholestatic jaundice. Plasma lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase activities in all the study groups were similar. High density lipoprotein cholesterol and cholesterol ester were significantly increased in extrahepatic cholestasis while reduced levels were found in intrahepatic cholestasis. Enhanced cholesterol esterification may occur in extrahepatic cholestasis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Serum fatty acids profile of uncontrolled insulin dependent diabetic patients and the effect of improved metabolic control.

We investigated fatty acid composition in 20 uncontrolled insulin dependent diabetic patients for a period of 12 weeks. Hyperglycaemic control indices were also carried out during the study. The diabetic patients were aged between 30-45 years with a disease duration averaging 13 +/- 6 years. The diabetic control indices at the beginning of the study were: plasma glucose 19 +/- 2,2 mmol/l, Hb A1C 12 +/- 3 pc, fructosamine 5,5 +/- 1,1 mmol/1, significant correlation of HbA1C with fructosamine were obtained (p < 0,001). Correlation coefficient ranged from 0,47 to 0,86 at the beginning of study and at the end of study. The patients were age and sex matched with controls. The fatty acid composition indicated significantly low plasma levels of 18:3 w 6; (8 linoleic acid); 20: 3 w 6 (dihomo-8-linolenic acid) and total polyunsaturated fatty acids p < 0,001 at the beginning of the study. The levels of these fatty acids gradually increased with improved hyperglycaemic control. High plasma levels of 18:1 w 9 and total saturated fatty acid (p < 0,001) were also apparent at the beginning of the study. At the end of the 12 weeks study, the hyperglycaemic indices were: glucose 9,8 +/- 4,7 mmol/1; Hb A1C 9pc +/- 2 pc; fructosamine 3,1 +/- 0,4. The plasma levels of 18: 3 w 6; 20: 3w 6; 18: 1 w 9 polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids had changed to near normal levels. This study suggests that delta 6 delta 9 desaturates activity is influenced by insulin. The study also highlights a possible explanation for the accumulation of oleic acid in diabetes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Effects of amlodipine on plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels in hypertensive patients.

Lipids and lipoprotein levels were determined in the plasma of 20 adult hypertensive patients, after 12 weeks treatment with amlodipine. No significant variation was observed in the mean values of the lipids and lipoprotein fractions before and after amlodipine treatment for the patients on either 5 mg or 10 mg of amlodipine. A further long-term study has been suggested in order to confirm the inertness of amlodipine on lipids and lipoprotein metabolism.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Abnormal lipid and lipoprotein patterns in liver cirrhosis with and without hepatocellular carcinoma.

Plasma lipid and lipoprotein profile was determined in 12 cirrhotics, 15 patients with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and 20 healthy volunteers. When compared with controls plasma total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), high density lipoprotein phospholipids (HDLPL), HDLPL/PL levels were low, phospholipid (PL) was normal and HDLC/TC and PL/TC were high in cirrhosis. In cirrhotics with HCC, TC, PL, PL/TC levels were elevated while HDLC, HDPL, HDLC/TC and HDLPL/PL were normal. A comparison within the patient groups showed that in cirrhosis alone, the levels of TC, HDLC, PL, HDLPL and HDLPL/PL were lower and PL/TC level was higher than in cirrhotics with HCC. Plasma albumin levels showed a negative correlation with PL/TC and a positive correlation with HDL-cholesterol in cirrhosis. In cirrhosis with HCC plasma, phospholipid levels showed a significant negative correlation with total bilirubin and alanine aminotransferase. The variations in the level of plasma lipids and lipoproteins may assist in describing the nature of these two forms of liver disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Changes in plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol and phospholipid in acute viral hepatitis and cholestatic jaundice.

Forty-four male and female subjects aged 22-57 years were studied. Thirteen patients had acute viral hepatitis, and eleven patients had cholestatic jaundice due to carcinoma of the head of the pancreas. Twenty healthy volunteers who served as controls were also included. In hepatitis patients, the mean plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC) and the high density lipoprotein (HDL)-phospholipid/phospholipid (HDLPL/PL) ratio were reduced, and HDL-cholesterol (HDLC), HDL-phospholipid (HDLPL) and the phospholipid/total cholesterol (PL/TC) ratio were normal, while total phospholipid (PL) levels and the HDLC/TC ratio were significantly increased compared to the control values. In patients with cholestatic jaundice the mean plasma total cholesterol, phospholipid and HDLC levels were elevated, and HDLPL/PL, HDLPL, HDLC/TC and PL/TC remained normal compared to the control values. A comparison within the patient groups showed that plasma TC, PL and HDLC levels were significantly increased in cholestatic jaundice when compared with the corresponding levels in hepatitis patients. The mean plasma levels of HDLPL, HDLC/TC and PL/TC did not show any significant variation within the patient groups. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) correlated positively with TC, and total protein correlated negatively with TC and HDLPL, while albumin correlated negatively with TC, HDLC and HDLPL in cholestatic jaundice. Alanine amino-transferase (ALAT) also correlated positively with PL in cholestatic jaundice, while albumin correlated positively with TC in hepatitis. The results suggest that lipoproteins might be metabolized differently in these two forms of cholestasis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Mothers' dental attendance patterns and their children's dental attendance and dental health.

Two hundred and ten 10-11-year-olds were selected at random from those attending schools in the Tameside and Glossop Health District. One hundred and eighty-eight were examined for caries, and the mothers of 177 of these children completed a questionnaire on their own and their child's dental attendance. Claimed attendance was subsequently checked with the dentist concerned. Sixty-one percent of mothers had attended a general dental practitioner during the previous 12 months and 89% of these mothers took their children with them. Of the non-attending mothers, 38% took their child to the GDS, 36% to the CDS, while 26% did not take their child to a dentist. The DMFT of the children was 1.72, and the differences in DMFT between the three attendance groups were not significant. However, there were significant differences in the decayed and missing components. The study demonstrates that the CDS and the GDS treat different populations of children by virtue of the mothers' attendance patterns. The methods developed for this study provide a basis for ongoing evaluation within a district of the implementation of the Department of Health's policy for the provision of dental treatment by the CDS.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Apolipoprotein A and high density lipoprotein cholesterol in childhood nephrotic syndrome.

Plasma triglyceride, apolipoprotein A, total and high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were estimated in childhood nephrotic syndrome. The plasma lipid concentrations within the nephrotic group were variable with elevation of both triglyceride and cholesterol present in 60%, triglyceride alone in 10% and cholesterol alone in 30% respectively. The mean plasma triglyceride and total cholesterol levels were significantly elevated in the nephrotic children. The increase in plasma triglyceride seems unrelated to the serum cholesterol concentration. The high density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly reduced, whereas the apolipoprotein A concentration was elevated, probably suggesting the presence of an Apolipoprotein A-rich high density lipoprotein in nephrotic children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Studies of lipoproteins and fatty acids in maternal and cord blood of two racial groups in Trinidad.

The high mortality rate from coronary heart disease (CHD) among Indians compared to Negroes in Trinidad led us to test plasma lipid profiles to see whether dietary or genetic factors might be involved. There were no interracial differences in the composition of plasma cholesterol ester fatty acids of the tested women and neonates. This finding suggests that dietary fat does not account for the interracial difference in CHD, nor does the cause appear to be due to genetic differences in lipid profiles, as there was no significant difference between values for plasma triglycerides, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, apo-I, apo-II, apo B or cholesterol ester fatty acids in the cord blood of each racial group. Blood samples were collected from 69 nonpregnant and 71 postpartum, fasted Negro and Indian women. Also taken were 71 umbilical cord blood samples. The mean triglyceride level was significantly lower in the Negro nonpregnant and postpartum women than in the Indians. HDL cholesterol and apo-I values were lower in the Indian women. There were no significant differences in the total cholesterol and apo B measurements. The triglyceride values for postpartum women were higher than those of the nonpregnant Negroes and Indians (75% and 47%, respectively), whereas the total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol, apo A-I and apo A-II ranged from 9% to 29% higher in the postpartum women. Apo B was about 40% higher postpartum in both ethnic groups. The high CHD rate of Indians in Trinidad cannot be explained by dietary factors, plasma total cholesterol or fatty acid composition.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1983

A comparative study of plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in two groups of Nigerians of different socio-economic status.

Blood samples were obtained from two groups of Nigerians of different income and educational status. Group I subjects consisted of 178 males and females with high income and post-secondary-school education; and in group II were 332 males and females with low income and no secondary-school education. Plasma total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were determined in all samples. There was no significant increase in the mean plasma total cholesterol levels in group II subjects after the age of 20 years but the increase in the group I subjects was only significant in the males. The mean HDL cholesterol levels did not increase with age in both groups who were more than 20 years old. Group I males and females had significantly higher mean levels of plasma total and HDL cholesterol than the group II subjects. The female subjects in both groups had significantly higher mean plasma HDL cholesterol than their male counterparts. The mean ratios of HDL: total cholesterol for group I females were significantly higher than the mean for group I males only and not significantly different from values for group II subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

High-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol in protein-energy malnutrition.

1. Plasma total cholesterol, high-density-lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol total protein, albumin and globulin levels were estimated in blood samples from thirty children with kwashiorkor, thirty-five with marasmus, twenty-eight with marasmic-kwashiorkor and twenty-seven control children. 2. HDL-cholesterol was estimated after the very-low-density and low-density lipoproteins were precipitated from the plasma with heparin and manganese chloride. 3. The distribution of HDL-cholesterol in the control and in the children with PEM was skewed and the range of values was wide. The values were independent of age and sex. 4. After logarithmic transformation of the HDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol:total cholesterol values, the geometric mean values for the three groups of children with PEM were significantly decreased when compared with values for the control children. 5. The decrease in the mean HDL-cholesterol value for the children with kwashiorkor was more than for children with marasmus and marasmic-kwashiorkor.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1982

Plasma high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol levels during long-term use of an oral contraceptive in Nigerian women.

Total and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were estimated in 131 blood samples obtained from women who had been taking the oral contraceptive Noriday 1 + 50Fe (one packet contains 21 tablets of 1 mg of norethindrone + 0.05 mg of mestranol, and 7 of 75 mg of ferrous fumarate) for 1-60 months. Thirty five women who had never used oral contraception (OC) formed the control group. There was a significantly higher mean HDL cholesterol level, and HDL cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio but not total cholesterol level in the women who had been using OC for 19-60 months. The values in women who had been using OC for 1-18 months were not significantly different from those in the control group. The increase in the HDL cholesterol level may not depend on the oestrogen content of the oral contraceptive but on the duration of its intake.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Serum creatinine and prediction formulae for creatinine clearance.

Three formulae which could predict creatinine clearance from serum creatinine values were derived from the data which were obtained from the study of 169 patients and healthy control subjects. Values for creatinine clearance which were obtained by using these three formulae and four other previous formulae were compared with the observed values. Most of the predicted and observed values differed by more than 20% of the observed values. When a formula which was derived by using the data from forty-five healthy control subjects was used to predict the creatinine clearance values of this group and the patients, there was a close agreement between the observed and the predicted values for only the healthy control subjects but not the patients. Because of the various factors which affect creatinine excretion in health and disease, a predictive formula which includes serum creatinine alone and not urinary creatinine might give unreliable values.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Maternal and cord plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides in Nigeria.

Plasma total cholesterol, triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were determined in 70 pregnant women immediately after delivery and in the cord blood of their babies; 62 non-pregnant women served as controls. The mean lipid levels were significantly higher in the pregnant women than in the non-pregnant women. The lipid levels in the cord blood were much lower than those in the maternal blood but were not different from values which have been reported from the developed countries; they were independent of socio-economic class. The total and high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were related to socio-economic status both in the pregnant and non-pregnant women, but the ratio of high density lipoprotein cholesterol to total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were not. The cord blood lipid levels were also independent of socio-economic class.

Adult↗