The caliber of the portal vein was investigated in two groups of patients subjected to celiac and mesenteric angiography. In one group, 10 patients (the controls) two angiographic series were performed without giving any pharmacon but the contrast medium. In the other group, 20 patients, also two angiographic series were performed but bradykinin 10 mug was given in the superior mesenteric artery before the second series. Injection of bradykinin resulted in a dilation of the portal vein in 18 of 20 patients, while there was no change in portal caliber in the controls.

Abdomen↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of bradykinin on portal pressure and protal caliber in the dog. An experimental angiographic study.

Portal pressure and caliber of the portal vein was examined in dogs after bradykinin injection (0.5 mug/kg bodyweitght) into the superior mesenteric artery. Ten experiments were performed. The portal pressure rose from a mean of 10.4 cm H2O to a mean of 21.2 cm H2O after bradykinin injection. The portal vein was dilated in 8 of the 10 experiments. Also the portal circulation time was calculated and decreased after bradykinin injection. Thus, because of the increase in portal pressure and increase in portal circulation care should be exercised when injecting bradykinin into the superior mesenteric artery in patients with portal hypertension and imminent bleeding from oesophageal varices.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of ketamine and pentobarbital on microvascular perfusion in normal skin and skin flaps.

The influence of two anesthetics, ketamine and sodium pentobarbital, on the microvascular perfusion of normal skin and skin flaps was evaluated by the use of a laser Doppler perfusion imager which allows the rapid scanning of tissue perfusion. Arterial skin flaps with a distal random random portion were created on the ears of hairless mice (n = 20), and perfusion was measured in the proximal, central, and distal parts of the flap. No differences in microvascular perfusion throughout the whole experiment were found between the ketamine and the pentobarbital group. In normal skin microvascular perfusion decreased to 83-73% of baseline values after induction of anesthesia. After flap creation, the perfusion was further reduced in the distal and central parts of the flap to 48-43% of baseline values, whereas no significant change was found in the proximal part. Six hours after flap creation, with the animal awake, perfusion had increased again in all parts of the flap, remaining at a constant level during the rest of the experiment. Anesthesia had less effects on microvascular perfusion in skin flaps as observed 1 day after flap creation. Perfusion of the central and distal parts of the flap decreased by 10-16%, whereas, in contrast to normal skin, the proximal part remained unaffected. Our study shows that baseline measurements are required in skin flap models when the microvascular perfusion in skin flaps is analyzed under general anesthesia.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Chalasia of the upper esophageal sphincter.

Four patients with absence of stable tonus (chalasia) of the pharyngo-esophageal segment, i.e., the cricopharyngeal muscle and the adjacent cervical esophagus, are reported. The tonus between swallows was completely absent in 2 patients and was seriously impaired in 2. All patients had normal peristalsis in the cricopharyngeal muscle but delayed or absent peristalsis in the cervical esophagus. In one patient the relaxation of the cricopharyngeal muscle during the passage of the bolus was incomplete. Various other functional abnormalities in the pharynx were present as well. The observed abnormalities are interpreted in relation to current understanding of motor mechanisms in the area of the pharyngo-esophageal segment.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The protective effect of intra-arterial vasopressin injections on the small bowel during fractionated abdominal irradiation. A study in pigs.

The radioprotective effect of vasopressin-induced intestinal ischemia was investigated in pigs. A bolus injection in the cranial mesenteric artery, of a vasopressin solution, 0.05 IU/kg body weight, was followed by irradiation of the small intestine with 6 MV roentgen rays. Three different fraction schedules were used. Weight changes in the animals and the histologic appearance of their intestines were recorded two weeks after irradiation and compared with the findings in untreated animals. Intra-arterial vasopressin was very effective in protecting the intestine. Vasopressin treatment given before 2 fractions with relatively high radiation doses in a 6-fraction regimen was so effective that it may form the basis of a treatment model applicable in man.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Digitized intra-operative video-fluoroscopy cholangiography. An analysis of 100 cases.

Experience is reported of intra-operative fluoroscopy in 100 cholecystectomized patients using bilateral video- and tele-communicating systems between the surgeon and the conducting radiologist. The radiologist's guidance and the surgeon's realtime observation of the intra-operative study together with reduction in the mean operation time constitute the main advantages of this technique.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The health care system in Sweden.

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Health Services↗