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Biomedical subjects

G Noseda

Publications and source records attributed to G Noseda.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

The dispositional enantioselectivity of indobufen in man.

The plasma pharmacokinetics and urinary elimination of the enantiomers of indobufen (2-[p-(1-oxo-2-isoindolinyl)-phenyl]butyric acid), a novel platelet aggregation inhibitor, have been studied in male healthy volunteers given either the racemic compound or the S-enantiomer (200 mg racemate, 100 mg S-enantiomer). Enantiospecific analysis of indobufen in plasma and urine was achieved by HPLC of its L-leucinamide diastereoisomers. After administration of the racemate, the pharmacokinetic behaviour of the R- and S-enantiomers differed, the plasma levels of the S form declining more rapidly [half-lives = 6.2 hr (S), 8.7 hr (R)]. No substantial differences were observed in terms of plasma level profile of S-indobufen when administered alone and in the racemic mixture. A statistically significant difference between the two enantiomers after administration of the racemate was found in the area under the curve (AUC), peak plasma levels (Cmax) and elimination half-life (t1/2 beta) whereas no statistically significant difference was detected in the time of peak (tmax). When the pharmacokinetic parameters Cmax, AUC, t1/2 beta and tmax of S-indobufen administered alone or as racemate were compared, there were no statistically significant differences between treatments as well as between periods and sequences. The urinary excretion of total S-indobufen (free + glucuronide) and of total R-indobufen after administration of the racemate was essentially the same. No difference was observed either in the urinary excretion of total S-indobufen after administration of the racemate or of the S-enantiomer.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Aortic and coronary atheromatosis in a woman with severe hypercholesterolaemia without LDL receptor alterations.

Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is a monogenic disorder, with a strong family history, characterized by a deficiency in functional receptors for low density lipoproteins (LDL). The case of a patient with all the clinical traits of FH, including elevated cholesterol, xanthomas and early coronary and peripheral arterial lesions, but with a normal LDL receptor function, is described. In the patient the molecular weight and immunological properties of apolipoprotein (apo) B were normal; furthermore, autoantibodies to either LDL or to their receptor were also absent. The increased apo B/cholesterol ratio in LDL was compatible with the diagnosis of hyperapobetalipoproteinaemia. With the help of a turnover study using 131I homologous and 125I autologous LDL, it could be established that the patient had an almost three-fold increase in LDL-apo B biosynthesis, with, however, a fractional catabolic rate within normal limits. These findings pointed to the possibility of a genomic alteration in the region responsible for the control of apo B biosynthesis. However, extensive studies both at the cDNA level and in the 5' region of the apo B gene, failed to detect any significant alteration vs published nucleotide sequences. Although the exact mechanism for this unusual clinical presentation of an FH-like syndrome could not be uncovered, this case provides an extreme example of hypercholesterolaemia, with early and severe arterial disease, solely explained by an increased LDL biosynthesis.

Aortic Diseases↗
PubMed1990

[Activities of the Swiss Cancer League in the campaign against cancer].

The Swiss Cancer League ist the head organization of 19 cantonal and regional cancer leagues with a total of over 60,000 members. Its goal is cancer control on a medical-scientific basis. The League is working toward this goal by funding of research, information and social service. The funding of research is done through grant applications similar to the rules of the Swiss National Fund. Basic and applied research are equally supported. Information is increasingly transmitted through national campaigns (melanoma prevention, cancer and nutrition, European Code). Social services are decentralized and taken care of by the cantonal and regional leagues. The principal revenues derive from private donations (bequests, card sales etc.).

Health Education↗
PubMed1990

Therapeutic efficacy of the HMG-CoA-reductase inhibitor pravastatin in hyperlipoproteinaemia type II.

The efficacy and safety of the HMG-CoA-reductase inhibitor pravastatin was assessed in a double-blind, placebo controlled study. Thirty patients (51 y) with hyperlipoproteinaemia Type IIa (N = 22) or IIb (N = 8) received for 16 weeks either pravastatin 5 mg b.d. for 8 weeks followed by 10 mg b.d. for 8 weeks (Group I), or 10 mg b.d. for 8 weeks followed by 20 mg b.d. to 16 weeks (Group II), or placebo (Group III). In Groups I and II, mean serum total cholesterol was reduced by -26% and -22%, respectively; low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol decreased by -28% and -27%, apolipoprotein B by -25% and -23%, and apolipoprotein E by -9% (NS) and -16%, respectively. Serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol was increased by 11% in Group II, and so the total/HDL-cholesterol ratio fell by 33%. Apoprotein A1 and A2 were not significantly changed. No serious clinical and laboratory abnormalities were observed. The data suggest considerable therapeutic efficacy of pravastatin in the treatment of Type II hyperlipoproteinaemia.

Anticholesteremic Agents↗
PubMed1990

[Rendu Osler disease revealed by ruptured cerebral arterial aneurysm in an infant].

A 6 week-old boy whose mother and sister present with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) presented suddenly with listlessness, hypotonia, and acute anemia. Cerebrospinal fluid was grossly hemorrhagic. Brain CT scan was compatible with subarachnoid and intracerebral hemorrhage. Operative investigation diagnosed a ruptured aneurysm of one branch of the right middle cerebral artery. A large clot was removed from the right frontal lobe. The ruptured artery was clipped. Further cerebral and abdominal angiographies did not show other aneurysms. The infant died 18 days later, with bilateral subdural hematoma. The family history and review of the literature suggest that the rupture of a cerebral aneurysm in this infant may have been an early manifestation of HHT. Brain CT scan study seems mandatory in every infant born to a mother with HHT.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1990

[Drug treatment of hyperlipidemia].

The working panel of the Swiss Foundation for Cardiology has elaborated in 1989 new directives for the treatment of hyperlipaemias. Cholesterol values over 6.5 mmol/l with a cholesterol/HDL ratio over 5 and, in case of coronary heart disease, cholesterol values over 5.2 mmol/l should first be treated by diet. If after 3-6 months, in spite of dietary treatment, cholesterol values remain superior to 6.5 mmol/l or the cholesterol/HDL ratio superior to 6.5, drug treatment must be considered in case of coronary heart disease or arteriosclerosis, considerably abnormal lipid values (cholesterol greater than 7.8 mmol/l; in case of coronary heart disease: cholesterol greater than 6.5 mmol/l), other risk factors, positive family history for coronary heart disease and younger men. Most of the medicaments available today reduce total cholesterol by 10-30%. Combined therapies can be indicated, if in the presence of high risks the different possibilities of monotherapy have not led to the desired success.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Neonatal pneumococcus laryngitis].

Report of a case of laryngitis beginning within the first 10 hours of life. The epiglottis was red, swollen, and covered by a membrane. Culture of laryngeal swabs isolated Streptococcus pneumoniae. Complete recovery was obtained with antibiotic therapy.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1988

Comparative absorption kinetics of imidazole and salicylic acid in volunteers after administration of ITF 182 tablets and suppositories.

Comparative absorption kinetics in volunteers of a new antiinflammatory drug (Selezen), in the form of 750 mg tablets and suppositories, were studied. The two components of the drug, imidazole and salicylic acid were found in plasma. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated according to a first order absorption. Salicylic acid showed a maximum concentration 59.2 +/- 5 min and 75.4 +/- 7.6 min after the administration of the tablet and suppository respectively; and imidazole after 86.3 +/- 10.8 min and 75.2 +/- 5.4 min, respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Hypercholesterolaemia treated by soybean protein diet.

After a period of stabilisation on a controlled low lipid low cholesterol diet with animal proteins a group of 16 children with familial hypercholesterolaemia were given a textured soybean protein based diet, with a similar fat composition. All the children had a highly significant reduction in total cholesterol, averaging -21.8% against the baseline after eight weeks. Compliance became less strict afterwards, but more than half of the patients have regularly continued the diet and results have been maintained for one year. Minimal changes were noted in triglyceridaemia and in high density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations, which showed a slight rise only at the end of treatment. The children's growth during the trial was normal. In view of the psychological difficulties of prescribing treatment with drugs to children with severe hypercholesterolaemia before puberty and of the relative ineffectiveness of standard low lipid diets in this condition the soybean protein diet may offer a satisfactory alternative.

Child↗
PubMed1986

Pharmacokinetics of defibrotide in healthy volunteers.

A pharmacokinetic study of defibrotide, an antithrombotic polydeoxyribonucleotide extract, was performed in 5 healthy volunteers after rapid intravenous injection at three different doses: 0.5, 4 and 16 mg/kg. Defibrotide was given to 2 additional healthy volunteers by slow perfusion of 600 mg over 6 h, after a 200-mg intravenous bolus injection. The blood levels of defibrotide were determined by a method supplied by Crinos (detection of 6-desoxyribose). A one-compartment model was used to describe the kinetics of the drug in plasma. All the most important pharmacokinetic parameters (i.e. elimination constant, half-life, AUC and volume of distribution) were dose dependent. The half-lives were 9.8 min at 0.5 mg/kg, 14.2 min at 4 mg/kg and 21.1 min at 16 mg/kg. The dose-response curves for elimination indicated saturation. During slow infusion following the bolus injection a steady state was reached at 90-120 min, with a blood level of 10-15 micrograms/ml.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Modification of serum lipids, lipoproteins and apoproteins AI and B in patients with hyperlipidemia Type IIa and IIb using polyenylphosphatidylcholine].

In a double blind study 27 patients with type II hyperlipidemia (8 IIa and 19 IIb) were treated as follows: 13 received placebo and 14 sn-polyenylphosphatidylcholin (PPC) (P 0206/1/01, Nattermann GmbH, Cologne) in a dose of three times 450 mg b.i.d. In all patients, and also in the two subclasses of patients with type IIa and type IIb hyperlipidemia, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were lowered significantly by PPC. The other parameters showed only minor variation. There was a downward trend in apoprotein B, triglycerides and VLDL cholesterol, and an upward trend in apoprotein AI, with virtually unchanged HDL cholesterol. None of these variations was significant compared with placebo. The fall in LDL cholesterol with unchanged HDL cholesterol caused a statistically significant decrease in the LDL cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio, thus supporting the hypothesis of an antiatherogenic property of PPC, as demonstrated experimentally in various animals.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Effective long-term treatment of primary hyperlipoproteinemias with bezafibrate].

Bezafibrate, a new hypolipidemic agent, was evaluated in a single blind, placebo-controlled study lasting 14 months to 3 years in 40 patients with primary hyperlipoproteinemia of various types (23 patients with type II, 15 with type IV and 2 with type V). Bezafibrate in a dose of 200 mg 3 times daily reduced total serum cholesterol by an average of 17% (p less than 0.001) in hyperlipoproteinemia type II and by 24% (p less than 0.001) in type IV or V, lowered serum triglycerides by 31% (p less than 0.001) in hyperlipoproteinemia type II and by 58% (p less than 0.001) in type IV or V, while high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol was increased by 17% (p less than 0.001) in type II and by 36% (p less than 0.001) in type IV or V. The few side effects encountered were only mild and transient. These findings show that bezafibrate affords safe and effective long-term treatment of patients with hyperlipoproteinemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Treatment of hyperlipidemia type II with soybeans].

15 outpatients with type II hyperlipoproteinemia (7 with type IIa and 8 with type IIb) were treated with soybean. This diet induced a significant decrease of plasma cholesterol levels from 314 +/- 24 to 267 +/- 30 mg/100 ml. Triglycerides levels remained unchanged. LDL-cholesterol decreased significantly from 241 +/- 26 to 194 +/- 32 mg/100 ml, whereas HDL-cholesterol increased only slightly and not significantly from 38 +/- 7 to 40 +/- 8 mg/100 ml. In our efforts to reduce hyperlipidemia the very low cost of these vegetable proteins is a further advantage. The hypocholesterolemic mechanism of soybean diet is unknown.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1979

[Unusual autoimmune and neoplastic associated diseases in Sjogren's syndrome].

In an unselected series of 12 patients with Sjögren's syndrome the following autoimmune diseases were observed: severe myxedema due to Hashimotos thyroiditis in four, subclinical thyroid hypofunction in one, diffuse hyperthyroidism in one, glomerulonephritis in two, chronic active hepatitis in one, lupus erythematodes disseminatus in three (one with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura), classical rheumatoid arthritis in two. A rare familial occurrence was seen in two sisters. The only male in this group exhibited coexistence of a benign adenolymphoma of the parotid gland (Warthin's tumor) with a malignant non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Familial bradycardia: a family with sick sinus and atrioventricular block].

A kindred is described in which several members have evidence of sick sinus syndrome and of conduction disturbance. The data suggest that in this family the rhythm disturbances were transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait whose penetrance increase with age. The occurrence of Adams-Stokes episodes required pacemaker implantation in 6 patients. In one case the arrhythmia is associated with a cardiomyopathy of unknown origin. No pathological studies were conducted. In one case the His bundle electrogram was recorded.

Adams-Stokes Syndrome↗
PubMed1978

[Fever of long standing in atrial myxoma].

A 39-year-old man is described who presented with the unspecific signs of systemic disease (elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, increased gamma-globulins, positive rheumatoid factor; clubbing, splenomegaly) and with fever whose origin remained undiagnosed for 8 years despite numerous investigations. Later in the course of the disease, the signs of mitral stenosis appeared, suggesting left atrial myxoma even in the absence of arterial embolization. This diagnosis was established by echocardiography and confirmed by angiocardiography as well as at operation, after which all the systemic signs and symptoms disappeared.

Fever↗