[Physiopathological and diagnostic significance of urinary pregnanetriolone in Cushing's syndrome].
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
G Norbiato
Publications and source records attributed to G Norbiato.
[Determination of delta 5-pregnene-3-beta,17-alpha,20-alpha-triol in human urine].
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Adolescent↗
In vitro steroidogenic properties of FK 33 824, a stable analog of methionine-enkephalin. Opiate-dopamine interaction in the control of aldosterone production.
The steroidogenic properties of a stable analog of the endogenous opioid methionine-enkephalin, FK 33 824, were studied with calf adrenal glomerulosa cells and its effects were compared to those of angiotensin II (A II) and metoclopramide. Metoclopramide, A II, and FK 33 824 induced dose-related increases in aldosterone production. The order of potency in stimulating aldosterone was A II, FK 33 824, metoclopramide. Metoclopramide and FK 33 824 did not increase cortisol production. The response to A II but not to FK 33 824 was inhibited by equimolar concentrations of (Sar1 Ala8) antagonist analog of AII (saralasin acetate). By contrast in the presence of equimolar concentrations of naloxone, an opioid receptor antagonist, FK 33 824-induced aldosterone production was markedly inhibited while the response to A II was unchanged. Increases in cAMP accompanied the steroidogenic response to ACTH but not to A II or FK 33 824. Dopamine at physiological concentrations (10(-10) M) inhibited FK 33 824-induced aldosterone production. These results suggest that FK 33 824 is an aldosterone secretagogue and that it initiates steroidogenesis by mechanisms similar to those of A II. However the inability to block its effect with a specific antagonist of A II provides evidence for its action on a separate site.
Adrenal Glands↗
Indapamide in the treatment of hypertension in non-insulin-dependent diabetes.
The antihypertensive effect of indapamide, a new thiazide derivative, has a low diuretic effect and a primary action on vascular smooth muscle. It was evaluated in a series of 20 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes (age range 47-75 years) who had arterial hypertension of mild to moderate degree treated with hypoglycemic agents and/or diet. Indapamide, 2.5 mg, was given as a single daily dose for 6 months. A statistically significant reduction of systolic and diastolic pressures was observed in both supine and upright positions. This decrease was significant beginning in the first month of therapy (p less than 0.001). No significant modifications of fasting glycemia, postprandial glycemia, and glycosylated hemoglobin were noted. No significant changes were observed in serum sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, and uric acid. Indapamide is an effective and practical treatment of hypertension of mild to moderate degree in patients with diabetes. The absence of effect on glucose metabolism makes it an especially interesting drug.
Aged↗
Plasma monomeric calcitonin as a marker of disease activity in multiple myeloma patients with osteolysis.
Circulating monomeric human calcitonin (hCT-M), parathyroid hormone, osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase, urinary hydroxyproline, corrected serum calcium and inorganic phosphate were measured in 49 multiple myeloma patients and 49 matched controls. In patients with Durie-Salmon stage III disease hCT-M levels (16.9 +/- 5.8 ng/l, mean +/- SD) were significantly higher than controls and stage I patients (P less than 0.01), and correlated directly with corrected serum calcium (r = 0.74; P less than 0.001). In the same subgroup 14 of 15 patients had plasma hCT-M concentrations higher than the mean + 2SD of the controls. The calcium infusion test induced an increase of hCT-M in normocalcemic patients which was significantly greater in patients with advanced disease than in either controls or stage I patients. These findings suggest that hCT-M may be a biochemical index of bone resorption and disease activity in myeloma patients with osteolysis. In fact, its plasma concentrations were elevated in a large proportion (93%) of patients with severe bone involvement, and correlated directly with serum calcium. Moreover, our findings suggest the presence of a calcitonin-dependent calcium homeostatic mechanism, that protects against hypercalcemia due to tumor osteolysis.
Adult↗
Nerve conduction velocity distribution in normal subjects and in diabetic patients without clinical neuropathy. I. Motor nerve.
A computer-assisted collision method to evaluate motor conduction velocity distribution of the ulnar and external peroneal nerves in normal subjects and in insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetics without clinical signs of neuropathy is described. Distribution curves were sigmoidally (bimodally) shaped in normal and in insulin- and non-insulin-dependent subjects. In insulin-dependent patients, motor conduction velocity of the peroneal nerves was globally impaired, whereas of the ulnar nerves it was normal. In non-insulin-dependent patients, slower conduction velocity was involved in both nerves.
Action Potentials↗
Nerve conduction velocity distribution in normal subjects and in diabetic patients without clinical signs of neuropathy. II. Sensory nerve.
A new computer-assisted method to evaluate sensory conduction velocity distribution and dispersion of the digital nerve of the middle finger in normal subjects and in type I and type II diabetic subjects without any neurological impairment is reported. Distribution curves were exponentially shaped in normal and in diabetic subjects. In insulin-dependent diabetics, only slower conduction velocity fibers were involved, whereas no significant difference was observed between the non-insulin-dependent diabetic group and the control group.
Adult↗
Glucocorticoids and Th-1, Th-2 type cytokines in rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, asthma, atopic dermatitis and AIDS.
Endogenous or exogenous glucocorticoids play a key role in the control of the immune and inflammatory network. Regulation of the effects of the glucocorticoids depends on changes in therapeutic levels, but also, as recently discovered, on modifications of the binding characteristics of the glucocorticoid receptors of target cells. In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), chronic bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis, in chondrocytes from osteoarthritic patients, and in advanced stages of HIV infection, there is a down-regulation of the glucocorticoid receptors. As a consequence, B cell immune proliferation is stimulated in RA, proteolysis is enhanced in osteoarthritis, the glucocorticoids' therapeutic effect is reduced in asthma and atopic dermatitis, and a chronic persistent increase of interferon alpha is seen in HIV. Finally, glucocorticoids are also capable of switching CD4 cells from a Th-1 to a Th-2 pattern. A decreased affinity of lymphocyte glucocorticoid receptors could hinder such a switch, with obvious clinical implications.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗