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Biomedical subjects

G Nishioka

Publications and source records attributed to G Nishioka.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Induction of kf-1 after repeated electroconvulsive treatment and chronic antidepressant treatment in rat frontal cortex and hippocampus.

It has been proposed that signaling pathways involved in adaptive neural plasticity are long-term targets for the action of electroconvulsive treatment (ECT), which is widely used in the treatment of drug-resistant depression. We have previously performed EST analysis to identify some molecular machinery responsible for antidepressant effect. One of the cDNA fragments identified as antidepressant related genes/ESTs was identified as kf-1 which has a RING-H2 finger motif at the carboxy-terminus. In the present study, we have demonstrated the induction of kf-1 in rat frontal cortex and hippocampus not only after chronic antidepressant treatment, but also after a single and repeated ECT. RING finger proteins are proposed to play some important roles in the ubiquitin-proteasome system. In conclusion, the current investigation has identified kf-1 as a novel molecular target for antidepressants and ECT.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Differential expression of VAMP2/synaptobrevin-2 after antidepressant and electroconvulsive treatment in rat frontal cortex.

The biological basis for the therapeutic mechanisms of depression is still unknown. We have previously performed expressed-sequence tag (EST) analysis to identify some molecular machinery responsible for antidepressant effect. Then, we developed our original cDNA microarray, on which cDNA fragments identified as antidepressant-related genes/ESTs were spotted. In this study, with this microarray followed by Western blot analysis, we have demonstrated the induction of vesicle-associated membrane protein 2(VAMP2/synaptobrevin-2) in rat frontal cortex not only after chronic antidepressant treatment, but also after repeated electroconvulsive treatment. On the other hand, expression of SNAP-25 and syntaxin-1 was not changed by these treatments. These components make a soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor complex with VAMP2 and mediate the synaptic vesicle docking/fusion machinery. In conclusion, it is suggested that VAMP2/synaptobrevin-2 plays important roles in the antidepressant effects. Our results may contribute to a novel model for the therapeutic mechanism of depression and new molecular targets for the development of therapeutic agents.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Identification of a novel gene with RING-H2 finger motif induced after chronic antidepressant treatment in rat brain.

Previously, we have identified 200 cDNA fragments as antidepressant related genes/ESTs. In this study, using these cDNAs, we developed our original cDNA microarray for rapid secondary screening of candidate genes as the novel therapeutic targets. With this microarray, we found that the expression of a novel gene, ADRG34, was significantly increased in rat hippocampus which had been chronically treated with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressant, sertraline. RT-PCR analysis also demonstrated the induction of ADRG34 at mRNA levels in rat hippocampus and the frontal cortex. This cDNA encoded 685 amino acid residues containing a RING-H2 finger motif at the carboxy-terminal. Sequence analysis of ADRG34 with the EMBL/GenBank database showed significant homology to mouse and human kf-1 gene. Our data suggest that ADRG34, a possible rat homologue of kf-1, may be one of the common functional molecules induced after chronic antidepressant treatment.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1999

Isolated nasalis muscle reconstruction in secondary unilateral cleft lip nasal reconstruction.

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Reconstruction of the nasalis muscle in the unilateral cleft lip nasal deformity improves surgical results. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective analysis of a series of 112 consecutive procedures. METHODS: Chart review and analysis of standardized preoperative and postoperative clinical photographs. RESULTS: Patients treated with this technique had improved contour of the alar base compared with historical controls. CONCLUSION: Nasalis muscle reconstruction should be considered in the repair of the moderate to severe unilateral cleft nose deformity.

Cleft Lip↗
PubMed1993

The effects of severe bruxism on sleep architecture: a preliminary report.

Analysis of sleep in 5 severe bruxists revealed consistent sleep abnormalities. These abnormalities consisted of decreased REM latency (90%), decreased percentage of REM sleep (85%), and increased number of sleep stage transitions (75%). This sleep pattern suggests that bruxing can have a deleterious effect on sleep in otherwise healthy individuals. This effect on sleep can in the long run lead to difficulty in daytime functioning similar to the effects of sleep apnea or nocturnal myoclonus. These data also reveal a significant first night effect, hence future attempts at replicating and expanding these findings should take that into consideration. The small number of subjects studied, the lack of a standardized assessment of their daytime functioning, the lack of information regarding the degree of teethware and daytime bruxing activity limit the generalizability of our findings. A controlled study with a larger sample size can help further delineate the nature of such sleep changes as well as their impact on the patient's overall functioning.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Fungal maxillary sinusitis caused by Curvularia lunata.

Recently, reports have surfaced in which saprobic fungi, as well as fungi pathogenic for plants, seem to be evolving as human pathogens. While the bulk of infected patients are immunocompromised, many individuals appear to be immunocompetent. To our knowledge, this is the second known published case of maxillary sinusitis caused by Curvularia lunata in an immunocompetent patient. An interesting feature of this case is that the patient was treated with only surgery (débridement and irrigation) with complete resolution and no recurrence.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Human Curvularia infections. Report of five cases and review of the literature.

Curvularia lunata is a saprobic dematiaceous mould that resides primarily in soil (Ellis, 1966). Reports of human disease caused by this organism are rare but include: endocarditis, brain abscess, skin infections, onychomycosis, keratitis, pneumonia, disseminated disease, mycetoma, allergic bronchopulmonary disease, and one case of sinusitis. Since 1983, we have encountered five cases of paranasal sinusitis due to C. lunata. None of the patients suffered from known immunologic disorders or underlying debilitating diseases. These five cases are presented and the literature of human phaeohyphomycosis caused by Curvularia spp. is reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Granulocytic sarcoma of the mandible.

The case is presented of a 54-year-old black man with a mass apparently involving only the soft tissue retromolar trigone on panoramic and mandibular series radiographs. A granulocytic sarcoma involving the mandible was diagnosed on biopsy with the aid of histochemical stains, immunologic cell surface markers, and electron microscopy. The autopsy also revealed involvement of the ribs and liver.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Malar augmentation with self-drilling single-screw fixation.

Augmentation with malar implants has traditionally relied on fixation techniques such as creation of a precise pocket, external taping, and transcutaneous fixation techniques with bolsters. We present an alternate technique that fixates the implants to the rigid facial skeleton rather than to the dynamic active facial soft tissues. To avoid the use of expensive drills, we describe use of self-drilling screws for fixation of malar implants. The technique avoids transconjunctival incisions, allows wide exposure, and is presented as an alternative to traditional fixation techniques.

Bone Screws↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pancuronium rapid induction sequence.

Succinylcholine is traditionally used as the muscle relaxant of choice for rapid induction sequence intubation. There are, however, many absolute and relative contraindications for the use of succinylcholine necessitating the need for an alternative muscle relaxant. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of pancuronium bromide for muscle relaxation in the rapid induction sequence in comparison to succinylcholine. A double-blind study was undertaken in 90 patients divided into two groups: One group was intubated at 60 seconds and the other at 90 seconds. Each group was divided into four subgroups by random selection and received of the following regimens: (a) succinylcholine, 1.5 mg/kg preceded by 3 mg of d-tubocurarine; (b) pancuronium bromide, 0.1 mg/kg; (c) pancuronium bromide, 0.125 mg/kg; and (d) pancuronium bromide, 0.15 mg/kg as relaxants in rapid sequence intubation. A rapid sequence intubation was performed with each intubation by a staff member or experienced house officer. Pre- and postinduction blood pressure and heart rate were taken. Postinduction blood gases were taken. The times to completion of intubation were recorded. Cord position, ease of intubation and overall relaxation were evaluated. The results indicate that in experienced hands pancuronium bromide in a dose of 0.1-0.15 mg/kg is as an effective muscle relaxant for rapid induction sequence intubation as is succinylcholine. It is an acceptable alternative when succinylcholine is contraindicated. Intubating conditions are best 90 seconds after the administration of pancuronium bromide.

Adolescent↗