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G Nishimura

Publications and source records attributed to G Nishimura.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Thymidylate synthase expression in patients with hypopharyngeal carcinoma].

We analyzed the relationship between clinical response to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy including 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in patients with hypopharyngeal carcinoma (HPC) and thymidylate synthase (TS) expression in their tumors. TS expression was evaluated with immunohistochemical staining techniques on biopsy specimens from HPC patients. TS immunostaining was divided into four levels (TS0-TS3) according to its level and pattern. The relationship between prognosis, tumor size, nodal status, differentiation of tumor cells and TS expression were also investigated. There was a statistically significant association between the level of TS expression and tumor size (p < 0.01). In terms of the effectiveness of chemotherapy, tumor differentiation, nodal status and prognosis, a statistical difference was not found in TS expression. These results suggest that the level of TS expression may show the degree of tumor proliferation, but may not necessarily be useful to obtain a response to chemotherapy including other drugs, e.g., cisplatin and other derivatives of platinum.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[The expression of cMET/hepatocyte growth factor receptor in colorectal cancer].

In this study, we estimated the expression of c-MET/Hepatocyte Growth Factor receptor in colorectal cancers by immunohistochemistry. In 118 patients, c-MET wee expressed in 65 patients (55%). About the clinicopathological findings of metastasis, the proportion of c-MET-positive in the patients with liver metastasis, 78% (18/23), was significantly higher than that without liver metastasis, 49% (47/95), but there was no significant difference about lymph node metastasis and peritoneal dissemination. About the pathological findings of primary lesion, the proportion of c-MET-positive in the patients with infiltration into lymphatic vessels, 63% (48/76), was significantly higher than that without infiltration, 40% (17/42), but there was no significant difference about infiltration into veins. The proportion of c-MET-positive increased as the tumor stage proceeded from t1 to t4 and as the histopathological stage proceeded from I to IV. These results suggest that c-MET may play an important role in the growth and scattering of colorectal cancer cells.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

Atypical skeletal changes in otopalatodigital syndrome type II: phenotypic overlap among otopalatodigital syndrome type II, boomerang dysplasia, atelosteogenesis type I and type III, and lethal male phenotype of Melnick-Needles syndrome.

We report on 2 cases of otopalatodigital syndrome type II (OPD II) with atypical skeletal changes, overlapping those of boomerang dysplasia, atelosteogenesis type I (AO I) and type III (AO III), and the lethal male phenotype of Melnick-Needles syndrome. One patient exhibited strikingly broad, bowed femora, which resembled those of boomerang dysplasia. The other patient possessed conspicuous undertubulation of the long bones, defective ossification of the spine, and severe undermineralization of the calvaria, which may have caused diagnostic confusion with AO I, AO III, and the lethal male phenotype of Melnick-Needles syndrome. OPD II is transmitted as an X-linked recessive trait, whereas AO I, AO III, and boomerang dysplasia are considered to result from a new dominant mutation, and Melnick-Needles syndrome is inherited as an X-linked dominant trait. Accordingly, differential diagnosis is mandatory to provide the affected families with adequate genetic counseling. Awareness of these skeletal changes in OPD II will prevent the misdiagnosis of this entity as other disorders. Furthermore, the phenotypic overlap among these disorders may expand the entities that constitute the OPD-Larsen dysplasia family proposed by Spranger [1985].

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1997

Multiple, juxtasutural, cranial hyperostoses and cardiac tumor: a new hamartomatous syndrome?

We report on a Japanese girl with multiple cranial hyperostoses and a cardiac tumor, both of which manifested in early childhood. Unique juxtasutural lesions characterized the cranial findings, including a chain of almost symmetrical osseous protuberances involving the frontozygomatic and frontoparietal junctions, and discrete bony bumps on the right occipitoparietal junction and left temporo-occipital junction. These lesions histologically consisted of thickened mature bone intervened with sparse fibrous tissues, mimicking osteoma. The cardiac mass remained pathologically unknown, but was shown to have fatty elements on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The patient showed no evidence of gnathic hyperostoses, ophthalmological abnormalities, skin lesions, or other visceral abnormalities, which ultimately precluded known hamartomatous syndromes with craniofacial hyperostoses, such as Gardner and Proteus syndromes. Yet regional Proteus syndrome could not be completely excluded. The craniofacial deformity as a sequel of hyperostoses in our patient superficially resembled that of X-linked calvarial hyperostosis; however, the vacuolated histiocytes that characterized the hyperostotic lesions were not found in our patient. The present disorder may represent a hitherto unknown hamartomatous syndrome.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1997

Craniotubular dysplasia with severe postnatal growth retardation, mental retardation, ectodermal dysplasia, and loose skin: Lenz-Majewski-like syndrome.

The heterogeneous group of craniotubular dysplasias is characterized by modeling errors of the craniofacial and tubular bones. Some conditions in this category cause not only skeletal abnormalities but also a variety of mesoectodermal dysplasias, as exemplified in Lenz-Majewski syndrome (MIM 151050), which comprises craniodiaphyseal dysplasia, failure to thrive, mental retardation, proximal symphalangism, enamel hypoplasia, and loose skin. We report on a boy with a hitherto unknown multisystem disorder, including skeletal changes that were regarded as a form of craniotubular dysplasia. The patient had a large head, exophthalmos, a broad nasal root, anteverted nostrils, large auricles, thick lips, micrognathia, severe postnatal growth retardation with emaciation, severe mental retardation, sparse hair growth, enamel hypoplasia, and thin, loose skin with hyperlaxity. Skeletal changes consisted of thickened calvaria, sclerosis of the skull base and facial bones, thick ribs, and metaphyseal undermodeling of the tubular bones. In addition, generalized osteopenia was evident. The present disorder overlaps phenotypically with Lenz-Majewski syndrome; nevertheless, the absence of diaphyseal hyperostosis and proximal symphalangism in the present patient was not consistent with Lenz-Majewski syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Acute gastric outlet obstruction following the administration of prostaglandin: an additional case.

We present a case of neonatal acute gastric outlet obstruction related to prostaglandin-induced gastric foveolar hyperplasia, which developed following infusion of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) for treatment of hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Abdominal distension occurred after administration of PGE1 in a cumulative dose of 2914 microg/kg. Ultrasonography performed after a cumulative dose of 5074 microg/kg had been administered disclosed a lobulated thickening of the gastric mucosa with a brush-like appearance composed of alternately echogenic and hypoechoic, vertically oriented lines. These ultrasonographic findings corresponded to the histological abnormalities of gastric foveolar hyperplasia with impacted interfoveolar mucin products and dilated mucosal glands. The development of gastric outlet obstruction in our patient, a relatively rare manifestation of prostaglandin-induced foveolar hyperplasia, might have been related to the unusually high cumulative dose of PGE1.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1997

Microscopic intraosseous extension of osteosarcoma: assessment on dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI.

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated whether dynamic MRI could determine microscopic intraosseous invasion in osteosarcoma. PATIENTS: Six patients with osteosarcoma who underwent total resection of the tumor after chemotherapy were studied. DESIGN: The steepest slope value of the time-intensity curve was calculated on the basis of the first-pass method on dynamic MRI performed after chemotherapy. Slope value modified log = [100.(SIb - SIa)/(Tb - Ta)/SIa], where SIa and SIb represent the signal intensity at time points Ta and Tb when the steepest slope started and ended, respectively. The slope value was correlated with the histological findings of the surgical specimens. The findings on conventional MRI were also reviewed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: In five of six patients microscopic tumor invasion ranging from 1 to 3.5 cm in depth was pathologically proven. The slope value within the microscopic invasion (-0.052 +/- 0.267) was significantly greater than that of tumour-free marrow (-0.609 +/- 0.220) and less than that in areas showing macroscopic tumor invasion (0.595 +/- 0.483) (P < 0.001). Histological examination disclosed the dilatation of small vessels within the macroscopic and microscopic invasion. Findings on conventional MRI varied among patients; microscopic invasion was not detected in one, underestimated in two, and overestimated in two. It is concluded that calculation of the slope value on dynamic MRI can discriminate regions of microscopic invasion from tumor-free marrow in patients with osteosarcoma after chemotherapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

MR findings in iliotibial band syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the MR findings in iliotibial band (ITB) syndrome. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: The subjects comprised four patients (five knees) with lateral knee pain: two athletes and two non-athletes. One non-athlete was engaged in work requiring repetitive knee movement, and the other suffered from Cushing syndrome and had bilateral abnormalities. All patients were suspected of having a lateral meniscal tear prior to MR examination, but physical examination following provisional MR diagnosis warranted the final diagnosis. MR studies included fast spin echo sagittal imaging, fat-saturated fast spin echo proton density coronal imaging, and T2* radial imaging. Twelve normal volunteers were examined. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Fat-saturated coronal imaging demonstrated an ill-defined, high-intensity area deep to the ITB. T2* radial imaging showed an identical, but less conspicuous, abnormality. The MR finding suggested soft tissue inflammation and/or edema rather than focal fluid collection in the bursae. The signal alteration predominated in the region beneath the posterior fibers of the ITB, thus supporting the current opinion that the posterior fibers of the ITB are tighter against the lateral femoral epicondyle than the anterior fibers. The ITB itself did not show any signal alteration or increased thickness.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Epithelioid sarcoma with unusual radiological findings.

The case of a patient with epithelioid sarcoma in the right arm is reported. The diagnosis was delayed because of misinterpretation arising from complexity in the MR findings, including a honeycomb pattern in the subcutaneous fat simulating lymphedema, and an intramuscular diffuse high signal intensity on T2-weighted images without a discrete mass lesion. The histological findings revealed that the diffuse muscular abnormality mainly resulted from denervation of the muscles due to perineural invasion by the tumor, and subcutaneous edema from lymphedema secondary to lymphatic tumor spread concurrent with lymphatic fibrosis. Multiple foci of cortical erosions in the humerus, a rare manifestation of this tumor, were detected 6 months later.

Arm↗
PubMed1997

Generalized metaphyseal modification with cone-shaped epiphyses following long-term administration of 13-cis-retinoic acid.

UNLABELLED: We report on a 6-year-old girl with short stature which developed following the administration of 13-cis-retinoic acid (a synthetic derivative of vitamin A or retinoid) for 40 months as adjunct chemotherapy for neuroblastoma. Radiographic examination suggested osteophyte formation in the cervical spine, which is the most common skeletal manifestation of retinoid toxicity [10, 11]. In addition, severe metaphyseal cupping with a cone-shaped epiphysis primarily affecting rapidly growing long bones was found, which represented impaired enchondral ossification. This epi-metaphyseal alteration, though unusually severe, was reminiscent of the premature epiphyseal closure which has been described as an adverse effect of 13-cis-retinoic acid [10-12]. Other minor skeletal changes included posterior scalloping of the vertebral bodies and increased interpediculate distances, which were related to a widened spinal canal found on CT. A literature search disclosed several primary skeletal dysplasias with superficial radiological similarities to those of the present patient. However, these entities showed significant clinical and radiological differences from our patient. CONCLUSION: The precise cause of the generalized skeletal alteration in the present patient remained unknown, but it conceivably resulted from the administration of 13-cis-retinoic acid.

Child↗
PubMed1997

Axial spondylometaphyseal dysplasia.

UNLABELLED: We present a previously undescribed skeletal dysplasia characterized by mild platyspondyly, small thorax with cupping of the anterior ends of the ribs, irregular proximal femoral metaphyses, and lacy appearance of the iliac wings. Two of the three cases were siblings. Retinitis pigmentosa and optic atrophy are associated findings. CONCLUSION: We describe a new type of spondylometaphyseal dysplasia (SMD) and propose the name axial SMD.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1997

Osteopathia striata, short stature, and characteristic facies: a previously unknown skeletal dysplasia.

UNLABELLED: We report two sporadic cases of a hitherto undescribed skeletal dysplasia with short stature and characteristic facies. The present patients, a 6-year-old girl and a 15-year-old boy, were almost equally affected. Craniofacial anomalies included a sloping forehead, bitemporal bulging, sparse medial eyebrows, a prominent nasal bridge, hypertelorism, proptosis, a beaked nose, hypoplastic alae nasi and a pointed chin. Shallow orbits, short anterior cranial fossae and bitemporal bossing found on skull radiograph corresponded with the facial dysmorphism. Thickening of the dorsum sellae was another hallmark in the skull. Skeletal survey revealed mild osteopenia, interpediculate narrowing of the lumbar spine with short neural arches and, most important, osteopathia striata of the long tubular bones. There was no sclerosis of the craniofacial bones. The clinical and radiological findings in the present patients were overall inconsistent with those of previously known skeletal dysplasias and congenital malformation syndromes, which possess osteopathia striata as a cardinal feature. CONCLUSION: The unique clinical and radiological constellation of our patients constitutes a hitherto unknown bone dysplasia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Expression of optical diffusion coefficient in high-absorption turbid media.

The optical diffusion coefficient in a homogeneous turbid medium with high absorption was determined by steady-state measurements of the light transmission under the infinite-boundary condition. The intensity of the transmission was well described by the solution of the optical diffusion equation. Moreover, the optical diffusion coefficient D was given by a constant, (3 mu'(s))-1, where mu'(s) is the reduced scattering coefficient, up to the absorption coefficient of about 0.3 mu'(s). These results mean that attenuation by absorption only contributes to exponential attenuation along the optical path defined by the scattering coefficient and geometry of the system even in high-absorption turbid media such as the pathological living tissues of bleeding or haematoma.

Absorption↗
PubMed1997

[Alteration of p15 and p16 gene in gastric cancer].

We analyzed p15 and p16 gene alterations in gastric cancer. Only MKN45 showed both homozygous deletions but other cell lines and all of tumor specimens did not show any alterations. Using RT-PCR analysis, decreased or no expression of the p16 gene was found in 1 of 7 cell lines (except MKN45) (14.2%) and in 8 of 20 tumors (40%), whereas no abnormalities of p15 gene expression were found. These results suggest that the p16 gene may correlate with tumorigenesis and tumor expansion due to decrease or loss of gene products in gastric cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

[Effect on 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5'-DFUR) of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase (PyNPase), matrix metalloprotease and serum IAP values. Hokuriku Colorectal Cancer Chemotherapy Study Group].

PyNPase activity, MMPs activity and serum IAP values were measured in tumor tissues from colorectal cancer patients who had been divided into two groups, one given preoperative 5'-DFUR and the controls. PyNPase activity of the preoperative administration group was approximately equivalent to that of the controls. In the control group, correlations were assessed between PyNPase activity and activities of MMP1 and MMP3. To assess the effect of 5'-DFUR on the activity of MMPs, we divided patients into two groups, a high and a low PyNPase activity group. Although there was no correlation with MMPs activity of the preoperative administration group and the control group in the low PyNPase activity group, the activities of MMP1 and MMP9 of the control group were significantly higher in the high PyNPase activity group. Moreover, the serum IAP value of the administration group was significantly lower than that of the control group. These results indicated that PyNPase activity was thus suggested to be somehow related to MMPs activity and serum IAP values.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

SPONASTRIME dysplasia: report on a female patient with severe skeletal changes.

We report on a 6-year-old girl with SPONASTRIME dysplasia, characterized by short-limbed dwarfism, a relatively large head, midfacial hypoplasia, a saddle nose, moderate deformities of the vertebral bodies, striated metaphyses, and normal intelligence. She showed severe skeletal changes including marked delay of epiphyseal ossification, evident metaphyseal dysplasia, and osteopathia striata more pronounced than in most of the previously reported patients with this disorder. The patient we describe and a male patient reported by Camera et al. [1994: Pediatr Radiol 24:322-324] are likely to represent the severely-affected end of the clinical spectrum of the disorder. These finding thus rule out the X-linked mode of inheritance of the disorder proposed by Camera et al. [1994: Pediatr Radiol 24: 322-324]. Alternatively, the two severely-affected patients may represent a variant form of the disorder. There is evidence that SPONASTRIME dysplasia is a genetically heterogeneous disorder.

Bone Diseases, Developmental↗
PubMed1996

New form of platyspondylic lethal chondrodysplasia.

We report on a sporadic case of hitherto unknown lethal skeletal dysplasia. The cardinal clinical manifestations consisted of frontal bossing, cloudy corneae, low nasal ridge, and micrognathia, hypoplastic thorax, and rhizomelic micromelia. Laryngoscopy and neck CT disclosed laryngeal stenosis, and brain CT demonstrated hypoplasia of the corpus callosum. Skeletal survey demonstrated hypoplasia of facial bones and short skull base, extremely severe platyspondyly, hypoplastic ilia, and delayed epiphyseal ossification and rhizomelic shortness of tubular bones. The long bones appeared overtubulated with exaggerated metaphyseal flaring. The humeri were particularly short and bowed. Bowing of the radii and ulnae with subluxation of radial heads presented as a Madelung-like deformity. Unlike the long bones, the short tubular bones were not short and normally modeled. The skeletal changes were superficially similar to those in a group of lethal platyspondylic chondrodysplasias, but were inconsistent with any known subtypes of this group or other lethal skeletal dysplasias.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗