Somatostatin-like immunoreactivity in the chicken brain stem. II. The pons and the tegmentum of the mesencephalon.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
G Nicolardi
Publications and source records attributed to G Nicolardi.
VIP-like and GFAP-like immunoreactivities in the chicken lumbo-sacral spinal cord.
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Animals↗
VIP-like and GFAP-like immunoreactivities in the chicken brain stem. I. The medulla.
An immunocytochemical analysis was performed on the chicken medulla according to the PAP-DAB procedure, to study the distribution here of the neurons reacting to anti-VIP antibodies and the gliocytes reacting to anti-GFAP antibodies. Positive and negative controls were carried out in both the immunoreactions. The findings seem to indicate that more numerous VIP-immunoreactive neurons are located in the chicken than in the rat or mouse medulla, mainly in its intermediate 1/3, that VIP-immunoreactive fibres connect the medullar group of immunoreactive neurons with at least the first three cervical neuromeres, and confirm also for the chicken medulla, as already reported in other species by various researchers, the close relation of some VIP-immunoreactive neuronal processes with the small blood vessel walls, and the distribution of the GFAP-immunoreactive gliocytes.
Animals↗
VIP-like and GFAP-like immunoreactivities in the chicken brain stem. II. The pons and the tegmentum of the mesencephalon.
An immunocytochemical analysis was performed on the chicken pons and mesencephalon (except the optic tectum) according to the PAP-DAB procedure, to study the distribution here of the neurons reacting to anti-VIP antibodies and the gliocytes reacting to anti-GFAP antibodies. Positive and negative controls were carried out in both the immunoreactions. The VIP-immunoreactive neurons showed a distribution essentially corresponding to that observed in other species by various Authors. They appeared scattered mainly in 3 sites: (a) the subventricular grey between pons and mesencephalon; (b) the periaqueductal grey, up to the diencephalon; (c) the rostro-ventral portion of the mesencephalic tegmentum, up to the diencephalon. Furthermore, some perivascular VIP-immunoreactive neuronal processes were seen. No differences have so far been detected as regards the GFAP-like immunoreactivity distribution, in comparison with the data reported by the authors in the chicken medulla and by others in in the brain stem of some other species.
Animals↗
[Effects of radiation emission of the CO2-laser on embryonal ocular bulb tissues (Gallus gallus)].
The wall of the eye bulbs of 15 chick embryos, immediately after their transfer to Hanks fluid, was irradiated with a CO2 laser, focused on the 12th conjunctival papilla or on its prospective area. This 'in vitro' irradiation was performed under the following main parameters: (a) beam power congruent to 4W; (b) exposure time = 1/30 sec; (c) thickness of the fluid (Hanks solution) on the target surfaces = 0, 3 divided by 0, 7 mm. The same area of the eye bulb surface of other 15 chick embryos was irradiated 'in ovo' under the following conditions: (a) congruent to 4W; (b) = 1/10 sec; (c) (amniotic fluid + albumen) = 1 divided by 1, 5 mm. In the L/M analysis so far carried out, the lesions produced 'in vitro' and 'in ovo' showed a number of qualitative resemblances: i.e., disappearance of epithelial cells and numerous pyknoses in the cells left 'in situ'; decrease in thickness of the outer layer of the scleral mesenchyme, whose cells appeared closer to each other-owing to reduction of the intercellular spaces-, and often pyknotic. It is possible that the same mechanisms underlie such morphological aspects, observed in both groups of irradiated eyes. On the other hand, some quantitative differences were observed between the 'in vitro' and 'in ovo' lesions, the extent in surface and depth of the latter being appreciably lesser. Presumably the genesis of such differences could have been influenced by the physico-chemical differences between the fluids covering the target surfaces: Hanks fluid and, respectively, amniotic fluid + albumen.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Animals↗
[Histomorphogenesis of spinal ganglia developing on the chorioallantoic membrane].
The aim of the present research is to study the development of spinal ganglia implanted onto chorio-allantoic membrane (CAM), where they are supplied by 'foreign', extraembryonic vessels. Small blocks including a segment of the neural tube and 4 pairs of somites were isolated from the brachial or thoracic or lumbar region (neuromeres C13 - T1 or T3 - T6 or L1 - L4) of thirty 3-day donor chick embryos and grafted on the CAM of as many 10-day host chick embryos. At regular time intervals after grafting, the implants were fixed, embedded in paraffin, serially cross-sectioned and stained. The preliminary results are similar for the ganglia from the 3 regions: they seem to indicate that in the spinal ganglia grafted on the CAM the developing blood vessels do not exert any morphogenetic influence on the substratum; this corroborates results from previous researches (2) on the normally 'in situ' developing ganglia. It is now the author purpose to submit to a careful analysis a datum from the present research: namely, the earlier appearance of the endoganglionic vessels in the brachial and lumbar grafted ganglia than in the thoracic ones.
Allantois↗
Urodynamic evaluation of 12 ataxic subjects: neurophysiopathologic considerations.
Twelve ataxic subjects (seven with Friedreich's heredo-ataxia and five with a cerebellar vascular or traumatic lesion) were examined by way of urodynamic evaluation. The results explain the role the cerebellum plays in the modulation of the micturition reflex and confirm the importance of bilateral encephalic damage in causing vesico-sphincteral malfunctioning and the important role of the lateral myelon cords in transporting bladder proprioceptive sensitivity.
Adult↗
Tuberous sclerosis: a neuropathological and immunohistochemical (PAP) study.
Clinical, neuropathological, and immunohistochemical (PAP) findings are reported in a 7 month-old girl with Tuberous sclerosis (TS). Polycystic kidneys and massive cardiomegaly constituted the prominent pathological features. The neuropathology of the syndrome was characterized by Megalencephaly, Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma, Very large protoplasmic astrocytes in Golgi-rapid method preparations of cortical tubers and Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-negative giant cells in the subependymal nodules as well as in the cortical tubers. The identity of these giant cells is discussed.
Astrocytoma↗