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Biomedical subjects

G Nath

Publications and source records attributed to G Nath.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Adenosine deaminase activity in typhoid fever.

Serum adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity was determined in 41 patients of typhoid fever and 15 normal controls. The mean ADA activity was significantly raised in typhoid fever patients as compared to controls (p < 0.001). The peak enzymatic activity was observed in the first week of illness. Complicated patients had lower mean ADA activity at diagnosis as compared to uncomplicated group and they showed a rise in enzyme level during defervescence, repeated in a few cases. A significant correlation between serum ADA activity and lymphocyte percentage was found (r = 0.4245, p < 0.001). It is concluded that ADA activity in typhoid fever patients not only indicates immunity but also has a prognostic value.

Adenosine Deaminase↗
PubMed1993

A community study on the aetiology of childhood diarrhoea with special reference to Campylobacter jejuni in a semiurban slum of Varanasi, India.

In a community study of 607 diarrhoeal and 529 non-diarrhoeal (control) patients less than 5 years old carried out between August 1988 and July 1989, the Campylobacter jejuni isolation rate was 4% in the diarrhoeal and 0.9% in the control group. It was the second most common bacterial enteropathogen isolated after Escherichia coli. Its incidence was more common among 1-2 year old children (4.8%) and during rainy season (July-October). Features of dysentery were absent in C. jejuni diarrhoea. Findings strongly suggest its aetiological role in childhood diarrhoea. Among other enteropathogens in diarrhoeal specimens, rotavirus was the commonest (16.4%) followed by enterotoxigenic E. coli (13.8%), G. lamblia (10.3%), enteropathogenic E. coli (7.0%), E. histolytica (5.0%), Cryptosporidium (3.8%), H. nana spp. (1.5%), NAG vibrios (0.5%), P. shigelloides (0.5%), V. mimicus and Salmonella spp. (0.3%). Approximately one quarter of the stool specimens (22.6%, 256/1136) tested were positive for the ova of A. lumbricoides.

Campylobacter jejuni↗
PubMed1992

Childhood diarrhoea due to rotavirus in a community.

The etiologic role of rotavirus in acute diarrhoeal illness in children under five years of age was studied over a period of one year in an urban slum community. Rotavirus was detected in 17.7 per cent of 376 children with diarrhoea and 4 per cent of 299 healthy children with maximum prevalence at 19-24 months of age with statistically comparable detection in 0-6 months of age. The overall prevalence was significantly higher in children below 2 yr as compared to those between 2-5 yr of age. Girls (24.1%) were more susceptible amongst the diarrhoeal group in comparison to boys (13.8%). Diarrhoea due to rotavirus was more prevalent during the cooler months (November-February) of the year and no correlation was observed with rainfall and relative humidity. Rotavirus as the sole pathogen was observed in 9 per cent children with diarrhoea and in the rest, association of Cryptosporidium (3%) was observed for the first time with this virus along with other known enteropathogenic bacteria and parasites, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli being the commonest organism.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

Circulating immune complexes and complement in bancroftian filariasis.

Sixty filarial cases, 30 endemic normal individuals and 10 non endemic subjects were investigated for the presence of Circulating Immune Complexes (CICs) and Complement Component C3. Using Polyethylene Glycol precipitation and Polyethylene Glycol precipitation-Complement Consumption methods, it was observed that CICs were raised significantly in chronic lymphatic filariasis and Tropical Pulmonary Eosinophilia (TPE) groups. The results observed by both the techniques for detection of CICs were comparable. Low levels of C3 were detected in chronic lymphatic filariasis cases by single radial immunodiffusion method, suggesting the utilization of complement by immune complexes.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Endoscopic neodymium:YAG laser coagulation in gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

The aim of a resolute, endoscopic treatment in acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage by a neodymium:YAG laser is to prevent massive loss of blood and to avoid transformation of the hemorrhagic shock event into an irreversible state. Parallel to endoscopic procedure treatment of coagulopathies is necessary. 1,029 (94%) out of 1,092 acute bleeding episodes of 852 unselected patients were treated successfully. In bleeding esophageal varices, reduction of mortality from 70% to 36.2% has been achieved by sclerotherapy following laser coagulation of the acute bleeding. Compared with the results of surgery the mortality rate of bleeding acute ulcers has been reduced from 58% to 23.4%, and of bleeding chronic ulcers from 25% for resection and 15% for vagotomy to 0%. For optimal treatment of the patients close cooperation with surgeons is also desirable.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Infrared contact coagulation: a new approach for local hyperthermic therapy of solid animal tumors.

Infrared contact coagulation (ICC) was evaluated in 3 different tumor models. 56-94% of all tumor-bearing rats, hamsters or mice were cured by ICC, whereas 100% of the controls died. The possibility that long-lasting immunological resistance might develop against the tumor after ICC was investigated by repeated tumor challenge. Cytotoxicity against tumor cells of host thymocytes and splenocytes following ICC was demonstrated in a Winn assay. The production of a mainly T-cell-dependent immune response could be due to ICC-induced antigenic changes in the tumor cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Comparison of saphir infrared coagulation and YAG-laser in the surgery of parenchymatous organs: an experimental study.

In an experimental study the efficiency of infrared coagulation and the neodymium-yttrium-aluminium and garnet laser (YAG-laser) were compared in operations on the liver, spleen and kidney in the dog. In surgery of the liver, both the YAG-laser and infrared coagulation gave good results. In surgery of the spleen, results with infrared coagulation were excellent, allowing extensive transections and partial resections. Kidney surgery was unsuccessful with either method. Our results are consistent with comparable clinical experience, in that infrared contact coagulation is extremely useful in surgery of the spleen.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Hemostasis with a new infrared-sapphire-coagulator (ISC-81). First clinical studies].

A new infrared sapphire coagulator (ISC-81) has been developed for the hemostasis of parenchymatous hemorrhage. Upon absorption by the bleeding tissue, light is converted into thermal energy thus causing coagulation and hemostasis. The light is transmitted to the bleeding tissue via a sapphire crystal, which is nonadhesive and of high thermal resistance. For application on flat surfaces or in ruptured tissues, either a cylindrical or a wedge-shaped crystal can be used. Up to now the ISC-81 has been used successfully on 22 patients, most of whom had hemorrhages from ruptured spleens or livers.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Hemostasis in the liver, lungs, and spleen using an infra-red contact coagulator].

Experiments in rats and dogs showed that bleeding of parenchymal organs can be stopped quickly and reliable by using a recently developed infrared contact coagulator (ICC). Haemostasis of liver parenchyma was established in a shorter time than by usual diathermo-coagulation. Due to this reduced time of coagulation smaller regions of necrosis were observed. Bleeding of the dog's spleen could only be stopped by long time coagulation and caused a severe destruction of the tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Infrared contact coagulation. Clinical application in liver and spleen (author's transl)].

Infrared-contact-coagulation is a new principle for hemostasis of bleeding parenchyma and was used in 33 patients with 41 bleeding surfaces, 22 in the liver, 19 in the spleen. Hemostasis was achieved in all but three deep lacerations without further complications. Accidental bleeding, biopsy, and resection were the main indications; biopsy and partial resection of the spleen was achieved.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1978

Interaction of endosulfan and metepa in rats.

Repeated administration of endosulfan or metepa or their mixture did not induce any significant histological changes in the organs examined in male rats. Similarly, the activity of different enzymes assayed here showed no significant alterations. The level of endosulfan did not differ significantly in presence or absence of metepa in the samples of blood, brain, fatty tissue, kidney, liver and testis. The observations do not suggest any kind of additive or antagonistic effects or potentiation of each compound in presence of the other, at the doses and duration studied in male rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

A new apparatus for the delivery of high intensity UVA and UVA+UVB irradiation, and some dermatological applications.

A new apparatus consisting of a 200 W super pressure mercury lamp and a flexible light guide with a liquid light-conducting core is presented. Its transmission for UVA irradiation is more than threefold as compared to conventional quartz fibre optic bundles. The light guide is capable of transmitting density levels exceeding I W/cm2. UVA and UVB are transmitted. By inserting a filter platelet (WG 345) into the light guide the UVB is cut off. The output of the unfiltered guide is 700 mW (3570 mW/cm2), of the filtered guide 400 mW (2040 mW/cm2), centered mainly at 366 nm. The light apparatus proved useful for several dermatological applications. It replaces in many respects conventional Kromayer lamps, especially because the flexible light guide, which is 160 cm long and weighs only 210 g, can be brought into direct contact with the skin. Results of determining the minimal erythema dose (MED), of phototesting (8-MOP photoallergy, persistent light reactor, erythropoietic protoporphyria) and of photochemotherapy are given.

Acrodermatitis↗
PubMed1978

[A new method for haemostasis by tonsillectomy by use of infrared radiation (author's transl)].

Using infrared radiation tisssue is coagulated by infrared radiation and not by electrical current. Main purpose for this procedure is to apply mechanical pressure and radiation. No crust will stick to the artificial tip of the infrared apparatus to open up wounds once more. Infrared radiation for coagulation has been used in the clinic for 2 1/2 years, mainly in parenchymatous haemostasis during tonsillectomy. The method seems to be very effective and should enlargen the different means of dealing with haemorrhage.

Hemostasis, Surgical↗
PubMed1977

[Laser coagulation in acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage (author's transl)].

The high mortality rate of up to 64% as a result of emergency for gastrointestinal hemorrhage indicates the need for a reliable method for endoscopic bleeding control. By developing a special flexible endoscopic laser transmission system it was possible to transmit high-power Nd-Yag laser radiation, which is especially effective in massive hemorrhages. In 1 1/2 years 186 (94%) of 198 bleeding incidents in 150 unselected patients could be controlled by endoscopic laser irradiation (varices: 60; Mallory-Weiss tears: 14; ulcers: 101; multiple erosions: 11).

Acute Disease↗