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Biomedical subjects

G Nardi

Publications and source records attributed to G Nardi.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Hepatitis B virus infection in dentists and dental students.

To evaluate exposure to hepatitis B virus (HBV) in dental operators, we surveyed 297 students of the Dental School, University of Milano, and 526 dentists registered at the Italian Dental Association (A.M.D.I.) of Lombardia. Out of 297 students, 10.8% had one or more serologic markers of HBV infection; none was hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive. No significant difference in seropositivity was detected among students in relation to sex, age, or possible risk factors investigated. Out of 526 practitioners, 2.3% were positive for HBsAg, and 37.3% were antibody positive. The seropositivity increased progressively with age and years of professional experience, reaching the highest proportion in dentists with 30 years or more of practice (79.3%). Of those who had suffered from clinical hepatitis during their curriculum, 81.1% were seropositive compared with 34.5% observed in dentists without a prior clinical history of viral hepatitis. The proportion of seropositive dentists did not vary significantly with a history of blood transfusion, size of their practice, presence or absence (or unawareness) of subjects at high risk for HBV infection among their patients. The seropositivity was significantly lower in dentists who routinely adopted mask and gloves (21.1%) compared with those who never and/or occasionally used such barriers (46.3%). The result of the study confirmed that hepatitis B does remain a significant hazard for dental professionals, hence immunization with hepatitis B vaccine should be delivered early in their employment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

A study on airborne allergenic pollen content in the atmosphere of Ascoli Piceno.

The results of 4 years (1981-1984) of monitoring airborne pollen concentration, using a volumetric trap, in the atmosphere of Ascoli Piceno (central Italy) are reported. Pollen production wasn't constant during the studied years, showing in 1982 and 1984 a very high concentration in comparison to 1981 and 1983. This is due to a dry period from April to June in 1982 and from June to July in 1984. We found that the most important allergenic pollen is Gramineae with a principal period of pollination occurring from April to July. After Gramineae, Parietaria plays an allergenic role frequently in association with the pollen of Olea, which is the most important allergenic pollen of all the trees in this area. From August to October we observed the pollination of mugwort, which was found in small quantities but nevertheless an offender in localized cases of pollinosis in Ascoli Piceno.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

[Delta co-infection: prevalence, severity and association with risk factors].

The prevalence of delta coinfection in course of acute B hepatitis has been studied in two periods (September-November 1984: 51 cases; April-June 1985: 50 cases). The prevalence resulted of 37.2% in the first period and of 48% in the second, without a statistically significant increase. Delta coinfection did not show greater severity, as evaluated by the levels of AST, ALT, total bilirubin and prothrombin activity, than hepatitis B not coinfected. The only factor of risk statistically significant for the acquisition of delta coinfection was i.v. drug abuse.

Hepatitis B↗
PubMed1985

Faecal bacteria of wild ruminants and the alpine marmot.

Faecal samples from 60 red deer (Cervus elaphus), 13 roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), 7 chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra), 41 alpine marmot (Marmota marmota) and soils mixed with deer faeces from the Stelvio National Park were examined for Campylobacter sp. and Salmonella sp. with negative results. The same material, especially deer faeces, was a habitat highly suitable for Yersinia sp.: Y. enterocolitica (two biotypes) was isolated twice, Y. kristensenii (two serotypes) was isolated 19 times, Y. frederiksenii and Y. intermedia were isolated once. Antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli were isolated from 16 specimens from wild ruminants, one from marmot and two from feeding places.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Gammaglobulins and immunocomplexes in aqueous humor and serum of patients with senile cataract.

The authors have measured the gammaglobulins and the immunocomplex levels (CIC) in aqueous humor and serum of 14 patients (3 males and 11 females) over 50 years old, who were affected by different types of cataract. Even if the authors have examined a limited number of samples, the results confirm the previous data which also showed very low levels of IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE, CIC in aqueous humor.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[The role of delta agent in particularly severe acute hepatitis B and non-A, non-B hepatitis in HBsAg carriers].

Role of delta agent in course of acute hepatitis B of particular severity and of hepatitis nAnB in carriers of HBsAg. Eighty-four cases of acute viral hepatitis have been studied with regard to the positiveness for delta antigen and anti-delta antibody in the Laboratory of clinical-chemical and microbiological analyses of the Hospital "L. Sacco" of Milan. The cases have been grouped in two classes: acute B hepatitis with prothrombin time of less than 40% acute viral hepatitis nAnB in chronic carriers of HBsAg. The prevalence of delta hepatitis was of 47.1% in the first class, while it was of 22% in the second class.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1985

[Prevalence of anti-tetanus immunity in population groups from the Marche region].

We reported the results of a seroepidemiologic study to evaluate the extent of antitetanus protection in individuals (children, young people, adults, old people) living in two towns of Marche Region (Camerino and Osimo), the former being a prevalently agricultural area, and the latter a more industrialized and urbanized area. A high degree of protection was found in the lower age range, gradually decreasing to lower degrees of protection in the higher age range, in both zones, but more markedly in Camerino. Females were always found to have a lower degree of protection than males, except in the pediatric age. No significant difference was found between subjects living in rural or urban community. A high degree of protection was not found in any profession, also in those activities for which anti-tetanus vaccination is compulsory according to the law. The results of our study indicate that a more scrupulous enforcement of legislative measures concerning anti-tetanus vaccination is recommended.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

The enzyme immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for serologic diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in pregnancy.

The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is simple, quick, and inexpensive, characteristics that make it particularly suitable for large screening programs. We compared the results obtained by ELISA with those obtained by immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT), indirect hemoagglutination test (IHAT), and Sabin Feldman Dye test in a group of 105 pregnant women in the course of a screening for toxoplasmosis. Prevalence of IgG antibody titers were not significantly different. ELISA results were particularly close to those of the reference tests (IFAT and Dye test).

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Neutralizing and inhibiting activity of hemagglutination of serum antibodies after natural infection and after vaccination with influenza virus A/USSR/90/77 (H1N1) strain].

Sera with different content of hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody (h.i.a.) collected from healthy subjects in late summer 1978, from influenza cases which occurred in winters 1977-78 and 1978-79 and from vaccinees in autumn 1978 were checked for neutralizing antibodies (n.a.) to A/USSR/90/77 influenza virus strain. Neutralizing activity (Geometric mean titer of n.a.) of h.i.a. was found dependent chiefly on the previous antigenic experience of the subjects. This because, given the same h.i.a. level, geometric mean titers of n.a. were lower in children and adolescents than in adults more than 24-year-old. For the age of the subjects and for time of collection of sera, the presence of antibodies in the former group is very likely due to the first antigenic stimulus. Moreover among the vaccinated adults the Geometric mean titers of n.a. in sera with the same h.i.a. content were higher in the age group 25-40 years. With any probability this is the cohort with an original antigenic sin due to H1N1 variants. The results have been also discussed in relation to the epidemiological behaviour of H1N1 strains in the first years of the second prevalence era. The above observations suggest caution in adopting the only hemagglutination-inhibition test for evaluating the immune status of populations and the immunizing efficacy of influenza virus vaccines.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Non-enzymic oxidation of cysteinyldopa catalyzed by metallic ions.

1. Evidence is presented that under physiological conditions cysteinyldopa behaves similarly to catecholamines, e.g. adrenaline, in forming reversible complexes with various metallic cations. 2. As a rule, these complexes are stable under anaerobic conditions, but readily autoxidize in the presence of O2 to give the 1,4-benzothiazine acid (II) corresponding to one of the postulated intermediates in the biosynthesis of phaeomelanic pigments. 3. Copper catalyzed oxidation of cysteinyldopa proceeds differently to give the red-purple trichochrome F presumably via decarboxylation and oxidative coupling of the same benzothiazine intermediate. 4. The relevance of these in vitro experiments to the metabolism of cysteinyldopa is briefly discussed.

Catecholamines↗
PubMed1982

Intraoperative irradiation: a pilot study combining external beam photons with "boost" dose intraoperative electrons.

Intraoperative "boost" dose electron beam therapy given in combination with 4500--5000 rad (45--50 Gray) external beam irradiation has been demonstrated as a practical therapeutic modality at the MGH. This procedure has been employed thus far in 58 patients; the results in the initial 36 are analyzed in detail in this paper. Thirty-four of the 36 patients had locally advanced lesions--unresectable, recurrent, or residual disease. Results achieved to date are in full agreement with our expectations: high radiation doses have been delivered to the primary intra-abdominal and pelvic tumors, excluding the sensitive structures from irradiation. This has been accomplished by a truly multidisciplinary effort comprising surgery, anesthesiology, OR nursing, administration, engineers, physicists, therapy technologists, and radiation therapists. Although follow-up is not yet sufficient to judge ultimate efficacy, acute and chronic severe morbidity is low and local control is good. There is justified enthusiasm for continuing the procedure.

Female↗
PubMed1981

Coffee and cancer of the pancreas.

We questioned 369 patients with histologically proved cancer of the pancreas and 644 control patients about their use of tobacco, alcohol, tea, and coffee. There was a weak positive association between pancreatic cancer and cigarette smoking, but we found no association with use of cigars, pipe tobacco, alcoholic beverages, or tea. A strong association between coffee consumption and pancreatic cancer was evident in both sexes. The association was not affected by controlling for cigarette use. For the sexes combined, there was a significant dose-response relation (P approximately 0.001); after adjustment for cigarette smoking, the relative risk associated with drinking up to two cups of coffee per day was 1.8 (95% confidence limits, 1.0 to 3.0), and that with three or more cups per day was 2.7 (1.6 to 4.7). This association should be evaluated with other data; if it reflects a causal relation between coffee drinking and pancreatic cancer, coffee use might account for a substantial proportion of the cases of this disease in the United States.

Aged↗