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Biomedical subjects

G Nappi

Publications and source records attributed to G Nappi.

385 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
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Carotid artery atherosclerosis and risk factors for stroke in a selected population of asymptomatic men.

The prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis in the general population is variable. Also, the relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and carotid atherosclerosis has yet to be clearly defined. We carried out a cross-sectional study of 441 asymptomatic male subjects to investigate possible relationships between extracranial carotid plaques, cardiovascular risk factors and asymptomatic coronary obstructive disease. Carotid atheromatous plaques, detected by means of B-mode ultrasonography, were present in 31.7% of the study population. Prevalence and severity of atherosclerosis were significantly correlated with age, total cholesterol and signs of ischemia upon exercise stress test. However, hypercholesterolemia seemed to play a significant pathogenic role only in the youngest subjects (<55 years old). Our study confirms the high prevalence of asymptomatic carotid plaques in the general population, especially in elderly subjects. The only reversible risk factor related to carotid atherosclerosis is hypercholesterolemia, and this is reversible only at a young age.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Active music therapy and Parkinson's disease: methods.

Music therapy (MT) is an unconventional, multisensorial therapy poorly assessed in medical care but widely used to different ends in a variety of settings. MT has two branches: active and passive. In active MT the utilisation of instruments is structured to correspond to all sensory organs so as to obtain suitable motor and emotional responses. We conducted a prospective study to evaluate the effects of MT in the neurorehabilitation of patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD), a common degenerative disorder involving movement and emotional impairment. Sixteen PD patients took part in 13 weekly sessions of MT each lasting 2 hours. At the beginning and at the end of the session, every 2 weeks, the patients were evaluated by a neurologist, who assessed PD severity with UPDRS, emotional functions with Happiness Measures (HM) and quality of life using the Parkinson's Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire (PDQL). After every session a significant improvement in motor function, particularly in relation to hypokinesia, was observed both in the overall and in the pre-post session evaluations. HM, UPDRS-ADL and PDQL changes confirmed an improving effect of MT on emotional functions, activities of daily living and quality of life. In conclusion, active MT, operating at a multisensorial level, stimulates motor, affective and behavioural functions. Finally, we propose active MT as new method to include in PD rehabilitation programmes. This article describes the methods adopted during MT sessions with PD patients.

Aged↗
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Trigeminal evoked potentials in man: a new olfactory stimulation device.

The recording of olfactory evoked potentials in healthy humans, using a continuous flow olfactory stimulator, is described. A stimulator pushed inert gas (N2) in a continuous flow through the nose at a rate of 4 l/min. At fixed 30-second intervals, (32 times) the flow was replaced by an equal amount of CO2, a trigeminal stimulant. Each pulse lasted 200 ms. An electronic timing circuit triggered both the stimulator and the recorder. Signal acquisition was performed using an Evoked Potential Recorder (Nicolet Compact Four by Nicolet Biomedical Instruments), triggered by the stimulator. Using this stimulator device reliable olfactory evoked potentials can be recorded in a clinical setting. Since this is a non invasive technique which can be used to test olfactory function whether or not the patient cooperates, it is expected to become widely used, particularly in non collaborating patients and in those suspected of malingering.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neurological symptoms of the sick building syndrome: analysis of a questionnaire.

Sick building syndrome (SBS) is an excess of work-related irritations of the skin and mucous membranes and of symptoms such as headache and fatigue in those working in modern air-conditioned buildings. We aimed to analyse the neurological symptoms, especially headache, in workers with potential SBS. The most frequent symptoms were headache and dry eyes. Sex was a major factor of difference: women report more symptoms than men. A positive correlation emerged between the number of symptoms and the asthenia scale score. Only 11 (8.2% of the whole sample) and 37 (27.4%) workers met all the IHS criteria for migraine and tension-type headache respectively. At least one symptom of SBS was present in 92.6% of workers. A negative correlation emerges between air conditioning and headache during working hours. No correlation emerges between the workplace comfort indicator and SBS and asthenic symptoms while a negative correlation was found between migraine and tension-type headache and comfort in the workplace. SBS symptoms are very frequent among all workers but headache is the primary symptom.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A 3D kinematic method for evaluating voluntary movements of the cervical spine in humans.

The purpose of this study was to assess the reliability of a 3D kinematic method of evaluating movements of the cervical spine. Range of motion (ROM) of the cervical spine was evaluated in 8 control subjects during flexion-extension, rotation and lateral bending movements. The test was repeated on two separate occasions. The ROM test-retest difference ranged from 1.42 degrees for right axial rotation to 9.11 degrees for left axial rotation. The test showed good reliability, with an intraclass correlation coefficient which was higher than 0.74 in extension movement and excellent in flexion, axial rotation and lateral bending. In conclusion, the method proposed for the 3D kinematic analysis of neck movement proved to be useful and non-invasive and to show good-excellent reproducibility. Furthermore the method is easily applicable in clinical practice to evaluate neck function in cervical spine disorders.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cluster headache and periodic affective illness: common chronobiological features.

Many of the seasonal changes occurring in animals appear to be associated with photoperiodic modifications, and particularly with the duration of the phases of exposure to light and dark. The integration of these processes is made possible by the normal functioning of biological oscillators or synchronizers, presumably located at the hypothalamic level. Cluster headache (CH), seasonal affective disorder (SAD) and bipolar mood disorders are conditions bearing numerous analogies, particularly as regards the temporal pattern of disturbances, the nature of predisposing or precipitating factors, the peculiar relationship with sleep, the neuroendocrine findings, and the clinical response to current treatments. The secretion of melatonin, which is influenced by the light/dark cycle, displays a bimodal pattern, which is likely to be dictated by the activity of distinct synchronizers for light and dark. Changes in the secretory pattern of this neurohormone have also been documented in both CH and SAD. The possibility of normalizing the secretory rhythm of melatonin by means of phototherapy in SAD, and the therapeutic use of the hormone to prevent the recurrence of active phases in CH, represent further interesting similarities between these two disorders. Melatonin, acting as a unique neuroendocrine transductor of photic inputs, may therefore be viewed as a marker of dyschronic disease to be used in patients suffering from CH and affective illness, for both diagnostic purposes and to assess the response to pharmacological and non pharmacological treatments.

Antidepressive Agents↗