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Biomedical subjects

G N Zubrikhina

Publications and source records attributed to G N Zubrikhina.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Low molecular-weight heparin (clexane) in the prevention of thrombotic events in patients with malignancies].

The basic links of the hemostatic system and the markers of intravascular thrombogenesis were studied, by using an automatic STA Compact analyzer in 80 patients with locomotor tumors. The patients were divided into 2 groups: 1) 50 patients received clexane, 40 mg, 12 hours before and within 7-18 days after surgery (a study group); 2) 30 patients underwent only nonspecific prevention of thrombotic events (a control group). Postoperatively, hypercoagulation was shown to persist long (up to 18 days) in patients with locomotor tumors. Clexane used in the pre- and postoperative periods within 18-20 days was effective in reducing the rate of intravascular blood coagulation, preventing thrombotic events, and failing to cause hemorrhages.

Enoxaparin↗
PubMed2004

[The oxidative stress in platelets of patients with ovary cancer as observed at chemotherapy].

Disorders in the main chains of platelet antioxidant protection were examined in 32 patients with primarily-diagnosed ovary cancer who were postoperatively receiving chemotherapy according to PC. The activity of antioxidant-protection enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutation-S-transferase) as well as the content of malonic dialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione were examined after each course of chemotherapy. The data obtained were compared with the aggregation ability of platelets, with the content of fibrinogen and with the count of platelets. The parameters of the antioxidant system in platelets were examined for control in 30 virtually healthy women. The results denote that the oxidant stress progression in the body due to the growing tumor and aggravating because of chemodrugs deregulates the free-radical processes in platelets, which can affect their functional properties or rheological blood properties.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed2003

[Antioxidant system of platelets in patients with ovary cancer].

The activities of lipid peroxidation and of platelets' antioxidant protection were investigated in 30 healthy women and in 44 patients with primarily diagnosed different-stage ovary cancer (OC). An essentially higher activity of superoxide dimutase (SOD, by 2.5 times) and of catalase (by 1.5 times) was detected in platelets of OC patients versus the norm. A simultaneous increase of malonic dialdehyde (MDA) by 2.5 times denotes a free-radical activation. There was also an insignificant growth of the glutathione level, whereas the activity of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) did not virtually change. A comparative analysis of the biochemical indices of patients with different stages of the disease revealed valuable distinctions related with a higher activity of SOD and catalase in stages 3-4 versus the initial stages. Notworthility, the MDA level was decreasing. Minor changes in the system of glutathione are not obviously decisive in impairing the regulatory mechanism of antioxidant protection in platelets unlike in malignant cells. The results provide a solid basis for assuming that the impact made by deranged regulations of free radicals on the platelet chain in the hemostasis system causes changes in the blood rheological properties entailing a higher aggregation of platelets, thus, triggering the onset of platelet-embolic complications in the discussed patient category. The impaired regulation mechanism of antioxidant protection in platelets is a major manifestation of the oxidant stress evolving due to a growing tumor; the mechanism is important for evaluating the structural-and-functional platelets' condition.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Role of glutathione-dependent peroxidase in regulation of lipoperoxide utilization in malignant tumors.

Glutathione content, the activity of glutathione-dependent enzymes (glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione S-transferase), and also SOD (superoxide dismutase) and catalase were studied in human malignant tumors (uterus, breast, and ovaries) and normal tissues. Glutathione level and the activity of glutathione-dependent enzymes were 2-3 times higher in the malignant tumors than in normal tissues. A negative correlation between the level of glutathione and glutathione-dependent enzymes (glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase) in tumors and the efficacy of postoperative chemotherapy may characterize the degree of tumor resistance to chemotherapy and therefore may have prognostic value. Low SOD and catalase activity and high activity of glutathione-dependent enzymes in tumors suggest that glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase play a major role in peroxide utilization in malignant tumors.

Catalase↗
PubMed2001

[Results of a phase I clinical trial of "theraphthal + ascorbic acid" catalytic system].

Phase-I clinical studies of teraphtal and a "teraphtal + ascorbic acid" catalytic system have been completed. The dose-limiting toxicity and maximum tolerable dose were not reached even at the end of maximal dose trials. No side-effects characteristic of antitumor cytostatic drugs were registered. The gravest side-effect ever recorded was a collapse which could not be linked to teraphtal dosage and was probably caused by hypersensitivity to the drug. The drug was recommended for phase II trials.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1998

Flow cytometric analysis of DNA content in gastric and colorectal cancer.

OBJECTIVE: Analysis of DNA ploidy and proliferative activity by flow cytometry (FCM) of gastric (GC) and colorectal cancer with morphology (histology and cytology) and prognostic correlation was performed. STUDY DESIGN: The study group consisted of 160 patients with GC (93) and colorectal cancer (CRC) (67). Tumor samples were taken by gastric and colon biopsy. All patients subsequently underwent surgery. DNA content was assessed using an ICP II cytometer (Phywe, Germany). Two samples were taken from the tumor, one for cytology and FCM and the other for histology. Macroscopically, unchanged mucosa served as a control group. Three types of DNA histogram were distinguished in accordance with the ploidy and proliferative activity of the tumor. RESULTS: The number of aneuploid and diploid tumors was the same in GC and CRC and reached 53% (49/93) and 66% (44/67), respectively (P > .05). Morphologic study discovered predominance of adenocarcinoma in both GC and CRC, with mainly poor differentiation (53/93) in GC and moderate and high differentiation in CRC (49/67). There was a large group of signet-ring cell GCs (18, 19.4%), while in CRC this was diagnosed in 4 (6.0%) cases only. Poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas were significantly more frequent among aneuploid tumors (41/49 in GC and 13/44 in CRC) than among diploid tumors (12/44 in GC and 0/23 in CRC). Five-year survival in GC (89) and CRC (64) strongly correlated with DNA histogram type. Survival was the highest in patients with DNA histogram type I (diploid tumor and poor proliferative activity). The poorest prognosis was associated with aneuploidy and high proliferative activity of cells (DNA histogram type III). CONCLUSION: The differences between DNA histogram types indicate that survival depends to a greater degree upon proliferative activity of tumor cells than upon tumor ploidy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

[Adhesiveness of peripheral blood neutrophils in normal subjects and in cancer patients].

A spectrophotometric method for assessing the capacity of phagocytes to adhere to the plastic is proposed. The method consists in staining a cell monolayer after Romanovsky-Giemsa in the wells of a 96-well flat-bottom plate, extraction of the stain, and assessment of the optic density of this solution at 650 nm. Methods for obtaining the cells in leukocyte concentrate (LC) and neutrophil suspension (NS) obtained in the density gradient are described. Two calibration curves for LC and NS are plotted for assessing the correspondence between optic density and a certain number of adhesive neutrophils. There were no statistical differences between the two curves. Neutrophil adhesion parameters of 38 donors are presented. The adhesive capacity of blood neutrophils is decreased in cancer patients (in 25 out of 27).

Cell Adhesion↗
PubMed1991

[Comparative evaluation of gastro-intestinal tract tumors on the basis of data from determination of DNA content using flow cytometry].

Morphologic and cytophotometric characteristics of tumours and tumour-like lesions of the stomach, colon and rectum from 267 patients were compared in the biopsy material. There was a diploid DNA distribution in the adenomas and tumour-like lesions of colon and rectum. The correlation between the proliferative activity and the epithelial dysplasia degree was noted in adenomas; aneuploid cells were found in 5 adenomas. 53% of gastric carcinoma and 64% of colon and rectum carcinomas were aneuploid (the difference is not significant). Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma much more frequently (the difference is significant) was found in the aneuploid tumours, well differentiated adenocarcinoma and signet cell carcinoma- in the diploid tumours. DNA index (1.09-1.50) of the aneuploid cells of gastric carcinoma was in 42% cases in the near diploid--triploid region while in colon and rectum carcinoma (60.5%) it was in the triploid--tetraploid region. The type of DNA distribution, particularly in the diploid tumours, should be controlled cytologically.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

[Xenograft of human RShM32 cervical cancer and comparative DNA flow cytometry].

Xenograft CC-32 was obtained from uterine cervical carcinoma of 24 years old woman in IV stage of the disease. Morphological diagnosis of clinical material and xenograft at various passages was the same-squamous cell carcinoma. Examination tumour DNA showed HPV-16 DNA integrated in five selected points. Tumor CC-32 contained a large quantity a diploid and tetraploid cells in contrast with another cervical carcinoma xenograft.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Flow cytometry in the evaluation of the prognosis and course of malignant soft-tissue tumors].

Investigation of DNA content by flow cytometry method (determination of ploidy and cell proliferation activity) carried out in 45 patients with malignant and 19 patients with benign tumours revealed diploid distribution of DNA in 18 cases and aneuploid in one case of benign tumours. DNA distribution in malignant tumours was diploid in 23 cases (51.1%) and aneuploid in 22 regardless of histological variant of the tumour. Diploid cells were always present in the aneuploid tumours and their number was higher in primary tumours than in recurrent tumours (only tumour cells were found in the cytological control smears). No full correlation is observed between indices of cell proliferation activity obtained by morphological and cytometric methods. Ploidy and proliferation activity (number of cells in S-phase of cell cycle) are prognostic criteria of the survival and duration of disease without recurrence.

DNA, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1990

[Use of automatic blood analyzer, Hemalog D, in cancer patients during radiotherapy and chemotherapy].

The Hemalog D automatic cytochemical analyser was used to assess changes in the levels of neutrophil peroxidase and monocyte non-specific esterase in 194 cancer patients undergoing radiation and chemotherapy. Radiotherapy in the dose of 30-48 Gy did not affect functional activity of blood leukocytes. Combination chemotherapy induced moderate or severe leukopenia in 72.7% of cases. A decrease in the enzymatic activity of neutrophils and monocytes was observed in patients with normal and slightly decreased leukocyte counts. In patients with severe leukopenia, elevated levels of peroxidase and non-specific esterase in leukocytes were found.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1989

[Analysis of precancerous lesions and tumors of the adrenal glands using flow cytometry].

Seven patients with various adrenal processes (1 cortical hyperplasia, 6 adenomas, 1 cortical carcinoma, 1 malignant pheochromocytoma) have been examined using ultrasonic technique, computer-aided tomography, hormonal tests, and flow cytometry. The findings have been correlated to the results of cytologic and histologic studies. One of the aims of the study was to find out whether DNA content was a factor permitting the diagnosis of the adrenal tumor nature. A diploid distribution of the DNAs with a varying content of proliferating cells has been found in benign tumors of the adrenals, whereas the malignant tumors have been aneuploid with varying ratios of the diploid to aneuploid tumor cells. Study of the DNA content by flow cytometry helps assess the cell ploidy distribution in the studied population and their proliferative activity, thus permitting a more accurate morphologic characterization of the tumor and, possibly, giving more reliable diagnostic criteria.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗