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Biomedical subjects

G N Jones

Publications and source records attributed to G N Jones.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

The relation between stress and disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis.

This study investigated the relation between stress and current disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). During a routine clinic appointment, subjects were given ratings of global disease status by their physicians and completed self-report measures of major stress and minor stress. In addition, each subject's erythrocyte sedimentation rate was taken. After controlling for disease severity and major stress, minor stress accounted for a significant amount of the variance in inflammation level. These results suggest that minor stress is associated with current disease activity in RA.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1992

Stress and social support as predictors of dietary compliance in hemodialysis patients.

This study examined the effects of minor stress on variations in biochemical indices of dietary compliance in hemodialysis patients. Subjects completed the Schedule of Recent Events, the Weekly Stress Inventory, and the Social Support Questionnaire. In addition, two biochemical measures of dietary compliance were obtained from the patients' medical charts. Multiple regression analysis, with baseline levels of compliance and the relatively stable influence of major life events and social support controlled for, revealed that minor stress was significantly predictive of changes in dietary compliance. The results suggest that minor stress may affect health status in the chronically ill by reducing compliance behaviors.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1991

The relation between daily stress and Crohn's disease.

This study examined the effect of minor daily stressors on the primary indices of Crohn's disease in 10 adult volunteers from a support group for individuals with inflammatory bowel disease. All subjects monitored the occurrence of daily stress concurrently with the signs and symptoms of their disease for 28 days. The results of the regression and between-subject analyses indicate a relation between daily stress and self-rated disease severity in Crohn's disease. The effects of daily stress on signs and symptoms of Crohn's disease were significant even after controlling for the effects of major life events. Individual within-subject correlations, however, indicated that stress and indicators of disease were highly related for only three subjects. The results of the current study therefore suggest that at least for some individuals with Crohn's disease, daily stress is related to self-reported indicators of the illness.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1990

Efficacy of behavioral management and patient education on vascular access cleansing compliance in hemodialysis patients.

Compared four treatment conditions to test their ability to enhance compliance with vascular access cleansing (VAC) procedures in a group of 56 hemodialysis patients. The conditions were patient education, behavioral management with monetary incentive, patient education/behavioral management, and attention control. Behavioral observers rated VAC behavior at pretreatment, posttreatment 1-month follow-up, and 1-year follow-up. Knowledge of VAC procedures was also assessed via a questionnaire at pretreatment and posttreatment. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures multivariate analyses of variance. Results indicated that the patients in the education/behavioral, behavioral, and education groups gave significantly more correct answers on our VAC knowledge questionnaires at posttreatment than did patients in the attention control group. Further, patients in the education/behavioral and behavioral groups completed significantly more VAC steps at posttreatment and 1-month follow-up than did patients in the education group and in the attention control group. Differences were not maintained at 1-year follow-up, although more than 50% of the patients were lost to follow-up. Implications of the present findings for behavioral and educational interventions are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

A Daily Stress Inventory: development, reliability, and validity.

This article describes the development of the Daily Stress Inventory, a measure introduced to provide researchers and clinicians with a psychometrically sound self-report instrument for the daily assessment of the sources and individualized impact of relatively minor stressful events. It was designed to assess sources of stress not typically assessed by major life-event scales. Generalizability coefficients indicate that the scale has significant homogeneity and a useful degree of stability. Several studies investigating the concurrent and construct validities suggest that the scale measures the construct commonly referred to as "stress." Implications for uses in theoretical and basic research as well as clinical assessment are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Modifiable high-risk behaviors for cardiovascular disease among family physicians in the United States. A national Survey.

OBJECTIVES: To study the prevalence of modifiable high-risk behaviors that contribute to mortality and morbidity from cardiovascular disease among family physicians in the United States, to examine whether these prevalence rates would differ across geographic regions of the United States, and to determine whether a family history of coronary artery disease differentiated physicians who engage in these high-risk behaviors from those who do not. DESIGN: A mailed self-report survey. SETTING: Family physician members of the American Board of Family Practice. PARTICIPANTS: The survey was mailed to 1500 randomly selected members of the American Board of Family Practice. RESULTS: The response was 62%. The results showed that 97% of the physicians were nonsmokers, 54% engaged in exercise regularly, 36% considered themselves overweight, and 91% knew their lipid profile. Of the respondents, 63% reported having a family physician, 78% reported visiting their physician as needed, and 41% reported having had a physician visit in the past year. Forty-one percent of the physicians reported having a family history of coronary artery disease. There were no notable differences regarding the prevalence of these behaviors across the 5 geographic areas or between respondents with a family history of coronary artery disease and those without such a history. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the respondents as a group engage in health practices that help to prevent cardiovascular disease. However, the frequency of exercise among these physicians is below the recommended level, and efforts should be made in promoting exercise among this population.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Patient care and daily stress among emergency medical technicians.

INTRODUCTION: There is conflicting research regarding the extent to which patient care is a source of stress for emergency medical technicians (EMTs). Some research indicates that it is important, whereas other studies suggest that it takes a "back seat" to administrative and organizational problems. This study sought to explore this issue further by investigating the relationship between caring for patients, daily workday stress, and daily non-workday stress among EMTs. METHODS: All EMTs employed by East Baton Rouge Parish Emergency Medical Services were eligible for participation. After the study was described, subjects completed a demographic information sheet and informed consent was obtained. Participants then completed 30 days of monitoring with a standardized measure of daily stress (the Daily Stress Inventory) and a measure of patient care stress designed for use in this study (Emergency Call Questionnaire). RESULTS: A very large portion of the variance in the EMTs' overall daily workday stress was associated with patient care (r = 0.677, p < 0.001). Additionally, patient care stress on workdays significantly predicted overall daily stress on the following nonworkday (i.e., postworkday) (r = 0.633, p < 0.001). Finally, EMTs who had stressful pre-workdays rated their patient care as more stressful on the following workday (r = 0.512, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that patient care is a critical factor in daily stress among EMTs, both on workdays and post-workdays, providing preliminary evidence for a carryover effect. Evidence also suggests that stress on the day before work may influence EMTs' perceptions of their patients on workdays.

Adult↗