Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G Mougeot

Publications and source records attributed to G Mougeot.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

[A case of post-traumatic Absidia corymbifera fungal endophthalmitis].

Exogenous fungal endophthalmitis is a rare postoperative and posttraumatic complication with, often, a dreadful prognosis. We report one case of Absidia corymbifera endophthalmitis after penetrating injury with a retained intraocular vegetable foreign body. We focus on the risk factors for the development of fungal endophthalmitis (vegetable foreign body, corticotherapy) and the importance of ocular fluid samples for stain and appropriate culture. In this case, the treatment associating contaminated tissue extraction and systemic and intravitreal administration of antifungal agents was efficient.

Absidia↗
PubMed1995

Evaluation of risk and diagnostic value of quantitative assays for anti-Toxoplasma gondii immunoglobulin A (IgA), IgE, and IgM and analytical study of specific IgG in immunodeficient patients.

To determine their prognostic and diagnostic values for toxoplasmosis in immunodepressed subjects, we assayed immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgE antibodies by means of immunocapture (IC) tests, with revelation done by using a suspension of T. gondii (ICT). We also carried out a simultaneous analytical study of IgG antibodies on cellulose acetate membranes by using the comparative immunological profile method and an enzyme-linked immunofiltration assay (ELIFA). A total of 1,238 samples (serum, cerebrospinal fluid, and aqueous humor from 318 patients) were tested. IgA and IgE antibodies were detected in all heart, kidney, and liver transplant recipients with clinical manifestations of toxoplasmosis; IgA was detected in the aqueous humor of a patient with chorioretinitis. In patients with AIDS-related toxoplasmosis, including the cerebral form, IgA and IgE antibodies or a significant modification of ELIFA IgG values were observed in 38, 19, and 25% of patients, respectively. IgM was detected by ICT only in 12% of patients and aided the diagnosis in 1 of 71 patients. IC tests for specific IgA and IgE alone and combined with ELIFA were positive in 39 and 46% of patients who developed clinical toxoplasmosis, respectively. In a serial study of 16 patients in whom at least one of these three tests was positive, a significant immunological signal sometimes preceded clinical onset by 1, 6, and even 17 months. Similarly, in a group of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with evidence of previous exposure to T. gondii but no clinical manifestations, IgA, IgE, and IgA and/or IgE antibodies were detected in only 11, 4, and 12% of patients, respectively. These two situations point to peripheral T. gondii reactivation. IgA and IgE emerged as interesting markers of the risk of toxoplasmosis in immunodepressed patients. They may also provide valuable assistance in the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis, especially because tests for specific IgM are disappointing. However, at least one in two patients with toxoplasmosis showed no detectable immunological reaction, suggesting that this polyisotypic approach should be combined with other noninvasive methods such as gene amplification.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1992

Elution mode of Pneumocystis carinii cysts in gravitational field-flow fractionation.

The simplest field-flow fractionation technique, i.e. gravitational, was used in an attempt to purify a Pneumocystis carinii cyst suspension. This parasite is an opportunistic invader in immunocompromised patients, especially those suffering from AIDS. The cyst stage is spherical and 5 microns in diameter. Unexpected retention times, not systematically related to the size and the density of the parasite, were obtained under various experimental conditions. When silicone-coated walls were used, Pneumocystis carinii cysts were eluted in the void volume, whereas when uncoated walls were used with a sodium dodecyl sulphate-enriched carrier phase, retention was observed. These phenomena are probably related to the high degree of hydrophobicity of these micrometre-sized biological particles; this degree can be easily determined. The use of the gravitational field-flow fractionation technique can be of a great interest for the development of new methods for diagnostic purposes. Particle-wall interactions and their modifications due to the carrier phase or to the wall treatment can be employed in the search for new bronchoalveolar lavage solutions.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Toxoplasma colitis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

In patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), toxoplasmosis almost exclusively involves the central nervous system (CNS), and extra-CNS organ infection is rare. We report a case of Toxoplasma gondii colitis in a patient with AIDS characterized by the following: 1) onset of diarrhea was simultaneous with disseminated toxoplasmosis; 2) T. gondii was found in colonic biopsies, whereas other infectious causes of diarrhea had been ruled out; 3) diarrhea was cured by anti-Toxoplasma therapy.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

Detection of specific immunoglobulin E in patients with toxoplasmosis.

An immunocapture assay was developed to detect Toxoplasma gondii-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) in sera from adults with acute acquired infection or reactivation and from babies with congenital toxoplasmosis. The components of this assay were monoclonal antibody to human IgE, samples from patients, and T. gondii tachyzoites treated with Formalin. When T. gondii-specific IgE antibodies were present, visually detectable agglutination occurred. Sera, umbilical cord blood, fetal blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and amniotic fluid were tested by this method. Specific IgE antibodies were detected in sera from 25 (86%) of 29 adults who developed specific IgG antibody during pregnancy or had specific IgA and IgM antibodies. Specific IgE was present early during infection, at the time that IgM antibodies were present, and slightly preceding the presence of specific IgA antibodies. In 23 patients tested serially, IgE antibodies never persisted for longer than 4 months. No nonspecific anti-T. gondii IgE was detected in sera from uninfected individuals. Maternal IgE antibodies did not cross the placenta. In sera of patients with congenital toxoplasmosis, specific IgE antibodies were found at birth, during the first year of life, and during immunologic recrudescence following discontinuation of pyrimethamine-sulfonamide therapy. The IgE immunocapture assay is simple to perform. It is especially useful for determining when T. gondii was acquired by recently infected pregnant women.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

Two outbreaks of trichinosis caused by horsemeat in France in 1985.

Two outbreaks of trichinosis occurred in France in August and October of 1985 and 1,073 cases in all were identified. In the first outbreak, two localities were involved: the town of Melun and the 14th district of Paris. To determine the origin of the contamination, three case-control studies were carried out: among patients' families, among the populations of these two areas, and among the inmates in the prison of Melun. In the second outbreak, cases again occurred in Paris but in a different district (the 12th), in the city's suburbs, and in other towns scattered throughout France. Although no parasites were found in any of the meat examined in either outbreak, results of the study indicate that infection was due to horsemeat consumption and led to the incrimination of two carcasses, one imported from a slaughterhouse in the United States and the other from West Germany. These findings led the French Ministry of Agriculture to order the inspection for trichinosis of all meat from horses slaughtered both in France and in countries exporting horsemeat to France.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Investigation of drug interactions with pinaverium bromide.

A series of studies was carried out at 6 centres to investigate possible drug interaction between the spasmolytic, pinaverium bromide, and cardiac glycosides, anticoagulants and hypoglycaemic agents given to patients as part of the long-term treatment of their condition. The results of clinical and laboratory investigations did not show any evidence of pinaverium bromide interfering with the action or activity of any of the drugs studied.

Acenocoumarol↗
PubMed1984

[Experimental schistosomiasis III. Observations on the infestation of Biomphalaria glabrata by a miracidium of Schistosoma mansoni].

380 B. glabrata infected with 1 miracidium of S. mansoni produced 87 positive snails (22,9%), 38 of which sending out male cercariae and 49 female cercariae. The snails belonged to 3 experimental series kept at 27 degrees and 24 degrees C for 15 weeks under continuous lighting. There was no difference between the proportions of both sexes. The survival of the positive snails was favoured by the male sex. The shedding of female cercariae was greater than shedding of male. During those 15 weeks, the cercarial shedding of both sexes showed large and recurring changes. A certain correlation seems to exist between the sex of cercariae, the abundance and the frequency of cercarial shedding, and the longevity of the parasitized snails. All those factors could take a part in the epidemiology of the schistosomiasis.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Influence of propranolol and acebutolol on isoprenaline-induced changes in heart rate and peripheral blood flow in man.

The authors studied the variations in the effects of isoprenaline hydrochloride on heart rate (beta 1) and on peripheral blood flow of the upper extremity (beta 2), determined by plethysmography, in a group of 5 men with a mean age of 31 +/- 3 years. The trial was conducted on a single-blind cross-over basis, each subject being infused over 30 min with propranolol (30 microgram/kg), acebutolol (150 microgram/kg) or a placebo (isotonic glucose solution) with at least an 8-day interval between each administration. At the end of the infusion they received isoprenaline (0.01 to 0.075 microgram/kg, in logarithmic progression) every 15 min, for 1 hour. The doses of isoprenaline were injected randomly using a latin square design. The peripheral flow, assessed by the curve of the initial part of the plethysmogram for the first 10 sec, increased with the dose of isoprenaline in the placebo series (Tg alpha = 219.9 log d + 583.4; p less than .01), did not increase in the propranolol series and increased with the dose in the acebutolol series (Tg alpha = 221.5 log d + 567.7; p less than .01); the variations in flow with isoprenaline after placebo and after acebutolol, did not differ significantly. The hear rate increased with the dose of isoprenaline in the placebo series (+55%) although tachycardia was inhibited by propranolol and acebutolol. Under the experimental conditions of this trial, propranolol inhibited beta 1 and beta 2 receptors at the same time, whereas acebutolol inhibited only beta 1 receptors.

Acebutolol↗
PubMed1978

[Detection of schistosomiasis in rats using micro blood sampling and immunofluorescence during an epidemiologic study].

For a study of rat parasitism with Schistosoma mansoni in Guadeloupe, we used a technique of microbloodsampling followed by an immunofluorescence test. This method makes it possible to take the blood of the rats, the latter being then marked and set loose. It informs us of the presence of the parasite, the time of infestation, and the rats' movements relative to waterspots.

Animals↗