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Biomedical subjects

G Morrison

Publications and source records attributed to G Morrison.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of food on ciramadol bioavailability in normal subjects.

Eleven healthy volunteers completed a study to compare the relative bioavailability to orally administered ciramadol in a fasting versus postprandial state. A single oral dose of 30 mg of ciramadol was administered on two separate occasions, 2 weeks apart, in a randomized crossover study. A mono- or biexponential pharmacokinetic equation with first-order absorption was applied to analyse the serum data for each subject. Significant differences were found in peak time (tmax) and absorption time (tabs) whereas the mean AUCs for the two modes of administration were not significantly different. The relative bioavailability (F) of the drug when administered in the postprandial state with respect to the fasting state was 96 per cent. It is thus concluded that ingestion of food has no effect on the extent of absorption of ciramadol; however, food may alter its rate of absorption.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT and MRI of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma: unusual biologic behavior.

OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to present three cases of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) with unusual radiographic, clinical, and pathologic aspects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The imaging findings in three patients with proven PXA were reviewed and correlated with clinical information and review of pathologic material. Two females and one male were studied, ranging in age from 8 to 42 years old. All patients underwent MRI with gadolinium (0.1 mmol/kg). Two of the patients had serial MR studies. CT scans with and without contrast agent were also available for two patients. The medical records for all three patients were reviewed. Radiographic findings were correlated with pathologic material obtained at surgery. RESULTS: Seizure disorder was the initial presentation in two patients. The third patient presented with a lytic lesion of the calvarium. Radiographic features showed rapid progression of disease over 3 months in one patient. Rapid tumor recurrence (within 7 months) without malignant transformation was proven in another patient. While typical pathological features of PXA were evident in two cases, a mixed tumor consisting of PXA and other tissue components was identified in the third case. CONCLUSION: Although generally regarded as a benign lesion in the literature, PXA has potential for aggressive behavior. Rapid tumor recurrence can occur without malignant transformation. Radiographic features may evolve over a short period of time. Dura and bony calvarium are not necessarily respected. PXA can occur as a separate entity or as a tumor of mixed components.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Temporal lobectomy in early childhood.

Children with medically resistant temporal lobe seizures that persist into adolescence often experience psychosocial deterioration and medical morbidity. It is therefore especially important to evaluate the contribution of surgical therapy in preadolescent children. We describe our experience with temporal lobectomy in 16 children less than 12 years (mean age 7 years) who had intractable seizures of temporal lobe origin. Structural lesions were identified on neuroimaging studies in 11 patients. In all patients, the standard anterior temporal lobectomy was tailored according to the extent of the lesion and epileptogenic field. At follow-up, 11 children were seizure-free, three were 90% improved, one was 50% improved, and one was unchanged. Neuropathological abnormalities were identified in virtually all children. Prenatally acquired abnormalities of neurogenesis were the most common, whereas mesial temporal sclerosis was found in only two children. We conclude that tailored temporal lobectomy in the first decade of life is highly beneficial in carefully selected children with medically refractory seizures.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Malignant melanoma and sun exposure.

The awareness of 160 subjects about the dangers of over-exposure to the sun in relation to development of malignant melanoma was surveyed using a questionnaire. The survey found that despite wide acknowledgement of the dangers of ultraviolet radiation to the skin, the desire to get a suntan was still very strong and insufficient protection was being used. Advice continued to be required on all aspects of sun protection and on the importance of regularly examining the skin for changes in moles, a health education activity in which nurses have the skills to become fully involved.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Enabling the disabled.

In 1974, Congress passed Public Law 93-516, the Vocational Rehabilitation Act, and in 1975, Public Law 94-142, the Education of All Handicapped Children Act. The spirit of both laws is to bring people with physical or mental impairments into the mainstream of American life. At school, dealing with a fear of disability and adjusting to the special needs of others is to become part of everyone's education. At work, the handicapped are to have a fair chance to do the jobs they are qualified for, and employers are to make reasonable accommodations to their handicapped employees' needs. Many companies have taken up the spirit of these laws. The authors describe how clear job descriptions and practical adjustments have made their rehabilitation and hiring programs work. The success of these programs offers encouragement to companies that are just starting out in such efforts.

Employment↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Resin hemoperfusion for chloramphenicol intoxication.

A case report of a three kilogram, four month infant who received excessive doses of chloramphenicol for the treatment of bacterial meningitis is presented. The child was treated with resin hemoperfusion (XAD-4) to reduce her serum chloramphenicol concentration. Her treatment was complicated by hypocalcemia and thrombocytopenia. During hemoperfusion a mean clearance of chloramphenicol of 27.4 ml/min was achieved. This represents a significant improvement over normal body clearance (4.7 ml/min/kg) in pediatric patients. We conclude that using hemoperfusion is an effective modality which may be used as an adjunct to supportive therapy when there is a need to increase the body clearance of chloramphenicol.

Chloramphenicol↗