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Biomedical subjects

G Morales

Publications and source records attributed to G Morales.

85 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ecoepidemiology of Haemonchus contortus bahiensis, ecotype present in sheep of arid zones of Venezuela].

The frequency distribution of female Haemonchus contortus bahiensis Grisi, 1974 in sheep from Venezuelan arid zones is 15.32% for the type with vulvar flap, 51.6% for the vulvar-knob and 33.07% for smooth type. A Shannon-Weaver diversity index corresponding to 1.44 bits was calculated for these forms with similarities in the general size, egg-size and in the number of the longitudinal cuticular ridges. An aggregated kind of distribution in the host population according to the K parameter of a negative binomial distribution was recorded for male and female worms. A complicated interaction was observed between the abundance, aggregation and prevalence of this ecotype and the importance of these findings is discussed with regard to host-parasite relationships.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Strategy of Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura for the environmental contamination, in an endemic area].

The distribution of frequencies of the number per grame of Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura in the faeces of naturally infected human in endemic areas, were found following a negative binomial distribution and an overdispersal pattern, independently of the ages of hosts. These results show, that only few hosts, independently of their ages, are involved in the higher environment contamination.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Tolerance to interferon beta-1b amongst patients with remittent recurrent multiple sclerosis after more than one year of treatment].

INTRODUCTION: Interferon beta-1b modifies the natural history of the remittent recurrent forms of multiple sclerosis. An analysis was made of its efficiency, tolerance and adverse effects on patients with over one year of treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 16 patients were studied (10 women, 6 men) with ages between 19 and 51 years, incapacity scale (EDSS) 2.61 +/- 1.07 and an annual rate of outbreaks before treatment of 1.65 +/- 0.25, who received 4 MUI/48 h/s.c. of interferon beta-1b x 15 days, afterwards continuing with 8 MUI/48 h/s.c. Corticoids were associated in four cases. Biochemical controls and mass neurological evaluations were carried out as well as a watch being kept for clinical and analytical secondary effects. RESULTS: The annual rate for outbreaks was 0.68 +/- 0.29. Amongst the most frequent adverse effects the pseudoflu syndrome was notable (87%), with an average duration of 10.46 +/- 1.4 weeks, well tolerated with paracetamol. The local reactions (87%) were light and not related to the zone of injection. The patients experienced a sensation of fatigue following the injection in 50% of the cases, although in only one case did this reach a moderate intensity. Analytical alterations were found to be 43.7%, always within the margins of grade 1 of the clinical toxicity scale. With one patient developed an acute depressive syndrome, during which treatment was interrupted, later restarted at half the maintenance dosage. CONCLUSIONS: In our series, just as in other studies, pseudoflu syndrome and local reactions were the most frequent secondary effects. Both complications are light, of brief duration and well tolerated by the patients.

English Abstract↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Relationships in the prevalence of geohelminth infections in humans from Venezuela].

By means of Kato-Katz technique 113,254 coprological samples of the human population belonging to 100 counties from Venezuela were analyzed. It was determined the following prevalences: Ascaris lumbricoides 26.8%, Trichuris trichiura 32.7% and hookworm 5.6%. It was found a strong correlation between A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura infection (p < 0.001), a significant correlation between T. trichiura and hookworm (p < 0.5) and no correlation between A. lumbricoides and hookworm.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Multiple sclerosis and epileptic seizures].

INTRODUCTION: Although epileptic seizures are uncommon in multiple sclerosis they are more prevalent than in the general population, which supports an aetiological relationship. Similarly in a considerable proportion of patients with multiple sclerosis and epileptic seizures, alterations in magnetic resonance and electroencephalogram studies which could be correlated with the clinical features of epilepsy were observed. Nevertheless, it is difficult to establish definite clinical characteristics in these patients since the underlying pathogenic mechanisms are poorly understood and there is great variability with regard to the type of seizure, point at which this occurs during the course of the disease, degree of recurrence and other aspects. CLINICAL CASE: We report the clinical, electroencephalographical and neuroimaging findings of seven patients with multiple sclerosis who had epileptic seizures and those in whom there was no evidence of other potentially epileptogenic pathology. In two patients the epileptic seizures formed part of the first episode of their illness. One patient presented more than one type of epileptic seizure. These seizures were generalized in two cases, partial sensory and/or motor with secondary generalization in three, simple partial motor in one and partial complex in two. The epileptic seizures coincided with other clinical features of episodes in three cases and the electroencephalogram showed anomalies in five cases. CONCLUSIONS: The findings observed were of a wide variety, as was found in other reported series. We point out certain correlations between the clinical data, magnetic resonance and electroencephalogram which may help to orientate the management of these patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Risk markers in subjects with high loads of Ascaris lumbricoides in a rural community of the Cojedes State , Venezuela].

A total of 337 individuals from a rural community of Venezuela (Mapurite, Estado Cojedes) was studied. Stoll faecal examination was carried out and the total number of A. lumbricoides was recovered after the treatment of the individuals sampled with Pyrantel pamoate at a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight in children and 15 mg/kg in adults. A relationship between the high worm burden condition (individuals excreting more than 10,000 epg of A. lumbricoides) and the age of the hosts was found. Resulting with the major values of relative risk index (Rr) the 5-9 years old class (Rr = 3.2 t = 3.4). This relationship was not found between high worm burden condition (HWB) and the sex of the hosts. The following individuals have the the highest possibilities to become HWB: with blood group A (Rr = 3.05 t = 4.08), with haemoglobin type HbA HbS (Rr = 1.86 t = 2.13), individuals with the combinations A HbA HbF (Rr = 3.46 t = 2.31) and A HbA HbS (Rr = 3.11 t = 2.78). It was estimated that the selective treatment of the total HWB detected (72) with an effective product, determined a reduction of 95.4% of the environmental contamination with de eggs and 72.3% of the worm burden.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Host parasite relationship among 3 Schistosoma mansoni and 6 Biomphalaria glabrata strains from epidemic and no epidemic Venezuelan areas is studied].

Six lots of 18 B. glabrata from: La Victoria, Turmero, Cagua in Aragua state; Caserío El 25 in Carabobo state, Chabasquén in Portuguesa state and Humocaro Bajo in Lara state, were experimentally infected with miracidia of SM, C5 and C6 strains of Schistosoma mansoni (18 snails/Schistosoma mansoni strain). The averages of the intramolluscal period (IMP) obtained for the S. mansoni strains were very similar and comprised between 35.4 and 36.1 days. No significative statistical differences in the IMP were found according to the S. mansoni strain and the size of snails: < 7 mm and > 7 mm. However, significative statistical differences in the IMP were found, in relation to the B. glabrata strain and between the snails classified in two groups according to the S. mansoni dose (5 miracidia/snail and 10 miracidia/snail). The higher percentages of infection (PI) were found for the following parasite-snail combinations: C6-Cas. El 25 (80.7%), SM-La Victoria (73.1%) and C5-Cagua (62%). No significative statistical differences were found for the PI a) between the snail classified in two groups according to the size (< 7 mm and > 7 mm), b) in relation to the miracidium dosification (5 and 10 miracidia/snail and c) in accord to the S. mansoni strain. However, significative statistical differences were found for the PI obtained with different strains of the snail.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical and neuropathological study of two brothers with Cockayne syndrome].

INTRODUCTION: Cockayne syndrome (CS) is a rare autosomal recessive disease which is characterized by physical and mental retardation, progressive neurological disfunction, photosensitivity and other cutaneous features. Usually they present ophthalmologic abnormalities as well as other heterogenous clinical, radiological and pathologic features as leucodistrophy and calcifications in central nervous system and segmental demyelination in peripheral nervous system. CLINICAL CASES: Two brothers, sons of healthy unrelated parents, are presented. The first patient was referred at 8 months of age because of psychomotor retardation and the second one at 5 months old because of a cataract. At the age of 2 years both presented a complex clinical picture with photosensitivity, growth and mental retardation, peripheral neuropathy, neurosensorial deafness, and cerebral atrophy and calcifications in neuroimaging diagnosis tests. In the following years the older brother presented signs of renal failure, cataracts and retinopathy, and died at 9 years old because of a respiratory infection. The neuropathologic study showed a discrete neuronal loss and diffuse demyelination with calcium deposits in cerebral white matter and basal ganglia. Today the second patient is 8 years old and shows a clinical course similar to that of his brother. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical, radiologic and pathologic features in our patients support the diagnosis of CS type II.

Basal Ganglia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cercaria chaetotaxy of 2 Venezuelan strains of Schistosoma mansoni].

By means of the silver impregnation of two lots of Schistosoma mansoni cercariae belonging to the strains: JR (32 cercariae) and C5 (45 cercariae), the number and pattern of disposition of the argentophillic papillae were determined with the following results: Average number of total dorsal papillae: 12.1 (JR strain) and 12.0 (C5 strain); the variation coefficients in this surface were less than 4% (JR strain) and bigger in JR than C5 strain. Average number of total ventral papillae: 12.15 (JR), 11.97 (C5); maximum value of the variation coefficient: 6.4% (JR), higher in JR than C5 strain. When the ventral surface was classified in four quadrants, the average number of papillae by quadrant was: quadrant A: 1.15 (JR) and 1.06 (C5): B: 1.06 (JR) and 1 (C5); C: 4.97 (JR) and 4.96 (C5); D: 5.03 (JR) and 4.98 (C5). The variation coefficients were higher in the A and B ventral quadrants, reaching maximum values of 31.9%, and 61.0% for the posterior quadrants C and D. When the ventral surface was divided in three equal parts for determining the position of the most variable papillae of this area, the greatest value of the variation coefficients obtained were for the 2nd thirds of the cercariae: 89.8% and 76.8% for C5 strain and 43.5% and 56.8% for JR strain. In relation to the total lateral papillae, the average numbers were: 17.0 (JR) and 16.6 (C5), with a maximum value of variation coefficient of (8.1% (C5). The average total number of papillae of the tail were: 25.6 (JR) and 26.1 (C5) for the ventral surface and 20.72 (JR) and 21.33 (C5) for the dorsal papillae. The comparison between the percents of the cercariae of two S. mansoni strains with more than 1 papillae on the anterior ventral quadrants A or B (94% JR and 34% C5), resulted with significant differences (P < 0.05).

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Activity of Dipernoids isolated from Azorella compacta (Llareta) on Trypanosoma cruzi amastigotes].

The trypanocidad activity against amastigote forms of SPA-14, Tulahuen and G strains and CL Brener clone of Trypanosoma cruzi of diterpenoids isolated from Azorella compacta, Phil. (Llareta), a plant with ethnomedicinal prestige from prespanish age, was investigated. Amastigocidal activity was shown in azorellanol (2), diterpene isolated by first time, with an inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) that varied between 60 M (CL Brener clone) and 84 M (SPA-14 strain), and in mulin -11,13 -dien-20-oico acid (5) with IC50 between 41 microM (G strain) and 87 mM (CL Brener clone). The cytotoxicity levels of both compounds against Hela and Vero cells and macrophages J144 are lower than nifurtimox and similar to gentian violet.

Animals↗