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Biomedical subjects

G Mombelli

Publications and source records attributed to G Mombelli.

62 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Anaerobic infection in cancer patients: comparative evaluation of clindamycin and cefoxitin.

Clindamycin and cefoxitin with or without gentamicin were administered to cancer patients having localized infections presumably caused by anaerobic pathogens. The rates of favorable response were 89% in patients receiving clindamycine alone and 78% in patients receiving cefoxitin alone. When the total experience is considered (clindamycin or cefoxitin with and without gentamicin), 20 of 24 patients (83%) responded to clindamycin and 18 of 22 (82%) responded to cefoxitin. Both therapies were well tolerated. Clindamycin was found to be more effective than cefoxitin in eradicating the offending anaerobic pathogens from the site of infection. Aerobic pathogens were frequently isolated along with anaerobes from the infectious sites in this series; their susceptibility or resistance to clindamycin or cefoxitin did not influence the therapeutic response.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1978

[Alcohol and drug interactions].

Alcohol appears to interact with many drugs in many different and complicated ways. The absorption and metabolism of drugs can be altered under the influence of acute or chronic alcohol intake, and it is possible that alcohol itself or its metabolic products may interfere with the effect of several drugs. These interactions are not only of biological interest but also of clinical importance, and the general practitioner should therefore be aware of them. The therapy of patients with chronic alcoholism is often complicated by such interactions, and it is thus important to know both the habits of the patient with respect to alcohol intake and possible interference with the drugs used.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1977

[Biological significance of fibrinopeptide A elevation in the blood].

In 13 patients with effusions of varying etiology, considerably higher fibrinopeptide A (FPA) immunoreactivity were found in the effusions than in the corresponding plasmas. After instillation of heparin into the effusion the FPA concentration diminished significantly but very slowly. The difference in concentration between plasma and effusion therefore represents a relative FPA accumulation in the effusion. In view of its extremely short half-life in plasma, the FPA produced in the effusions is thought not to contribute to the increased plasma FPA levels. In addition, injection of amounts of FPA into the effusion such as to produce an acute increase of the local FPA level did not lead to a significant change in the FPA level in plasma.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

Pharmacokinetics of heparin after a single intravenous or subcutaneous injection.

In 2 groups of 4 probands the pharmacokinetics of heparin were investigated by a physiologic method (factor Xa inhibition) and an isotope method (35S-heparin) following a single intravenous injection of 5000 IU heparin and a single subcutaneous injection of 10000 IU heparin respectively. Following intravenous administration the anticoagulant effect and radioactivity fall exponentially. The half-life is about 50 min and the distribution volume 3000 ml (factor Xa inhibition) and 3800 ml (radioactivity). With subcutaneous injection peak concentrations above 0.2 IR heparin/ml were measured by both methods 2-4 h after administration; 9 h after administration, no further factor Xa inhibition was detectable in 2 probands. In the light of these and previously published results, some practical aspects of the conduct of therapy and prophylaxis of thromboembolism with heparin are discussed.

Antithrombin III↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cardiac involvement in HIV-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a case report and short review of the literature.

We report a case of secondary heart involvement in AIDS-related primary lymphoma of the liver. A worsening dyspnea led to the diagnosis of pericardial effusion, and transesophageal echocardiography revealed the presence of large endocardial ventricular masses. Clinical suspicion of a lymphomatous origin was confirmed at the autopsy, which showed an extranodal dissemination pattern (heart, liver, intestine, and lung). In AIDS patients, both primary and secondary lymphomatous heart involvement are increasing in incidence. Clinical symptoms and signs are vague. Since the hematogenous route is the most common pattern of involvement, even extrathoracic lymphomas can present heart dissemination. Thus, it should be suspected in lymphoma patients who present with even mild aspecific heart symptoms. Appropriate imaging procedures include transesophageal echocardiography and, if possible, ECG-gated MRI. A negative transthoracic echocardiograph does not exclude the presence of myocardial tumor. Chemotherapy is only occasionally beneficial, and the prognosis remains poor.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparative studies of intermittent and continuous administration of aminoglycosides in the treatment of bronchopulmonary infections due to gram-negative bacteria.

The positive correlation between the protein concentration in bronchial secretions and the penetration of amikacin and tobramycin in the present study suggests that inflammation favorably affects the penetration of aminoglycosides into these secretions. As shown in this and other studies, local inactivation of aminoglycosides might counterbalance this effect to some extent. The relatively low penetration of aminoglycosides into the bronchial secretions (approximately 20%) probably accounts for the poor antibacterial activity of bronchial secretions of aminoglycoside-treated patients and, possibly, for the poor clinical outcome of bronchopneumonia due to gram-negative bacteria. Continuous infusion of these antibiotics, even at high dosage, does not appear to solve the problem; it does not achieve at any time satisfactory inhibitory activity against Enterobacteriaceae or Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the bronchial secretions. Although intermittent injections can result in higher levels of aminoglycosides within the bronchial secretions, such levels cannot be maintained for prolonged periods unless the dosage is increased. Thus endotracheal administration of aminoglycosides might still be indicated as an adjunct for therapy of severe bronchial infections due to gram-negative bacteria.

Amikacin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Angiotropic (intravascular) large cell lymphoma: case report and short discussion of the literature.

We report a case of angiotropic (intravascular) large B-cell lymphoma in an 84-year-old woman who underwent diagnostic procedures for progressive, painful induration of the legs. Physical examination and imaging studies revealed only widespread telangiectasias and significant panniculities-like lymphedema of the legs, with no masses or lymphadenopathies. The patient achieved a complete clinical remission after the first three cycles of polychemotherapy. Although angiotropic lymphoma is a rare entity with polymorphic clinical presentations, its early diagnosis appears very important since it may be curable with appropriate chemotherapy regimens.

Aged↗