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Biomedical subjects

G Mintz

Publications and source records attributed to G Mintz.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Pitfalls and limitations of M-mode echocardiography.

Newer diagnostic applications as well as the ability of obtaining physiologic information has resulted in a greater interest in echocardiography. As with any new technique, certain classical criteria have not been found to be as specific and diagnostic as was originally believed. This review has focused on the more important clinical applications in echocardiography. We have not attampted to discuss every single clinical entity. A critical evaluation as to the sensitivity and specificity of echocardiography in each clinical application is necessary. A thorough knowledge of the basic principles of ultrasound, a familiarity with recording devices, and a realization of the pitfalls and limitations of the technique in each cardiac disorder is essential. Hazards of echocardiographic interpretation may actually hamper its development as a diagnostic tool. Before embarking on complex and sophisticated two-dimensional echocardiography, problems with regard to technique and interpretation of M-mode echocardiography must be overcome.

Aorta↗
PubMed1976

A comparison of formulas used to estimate mixed venous saturations.

True mixing of venous blood in the absence of shunt occurs in the pulmonary artery. In the presence of left to right shunt at a level proximal to the pulmonary artery, mixed venous blood for oxygen saturation (MVO2) is estimated by using an average of blood samples taken from the chamber proximal to the shunt. In atrial septal defect, the determination of MVO2 is calculated by using blood samples from the superior vena cava (SVC) and the inferior vena cava (IVC). Several formulas have been proposed, utilizing varying combinations of blood samples taken from the SVC and IVC. In the present investigation, 100 patients without evidence of shunt were studied during routine cardiac catheterization. Duplicate blood samples were taken from the pulmonary artery (PA), the SVC, and the IVC, and were analyzed for oxygen-saturation. If one assumes that the PA blood sample represents true venous blood mixing (TMVO2), the following formulas were used for comparison: 1)PA = SVC; 2) PA = IVC; 3) PA = (SVC + IVC)/2; 4) PA = (2SVC + IVC)/3; 5) PA = (3SVC + IVC)/4; and 6) PA = (2IVC + SVC)/3. When one uses the standard two variable regression equations, this study shows that the 90% confidence limits are wide. The correlation, however, is somewhat better if one uses the formulas 3)-6). Therefore, the error that may be introduced in calculating the TMVO2 may be substantial and can critically alter the estimation of the shunted blood volume.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Gastro-intestinal bleeding in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: the effects of azapropazone treatment.

A comparative study was carried out, using the Cr51 red blood cell labelling method, to assess the amount of gastro-intestinal blood loss in 20 rheumatoid arthritis patients taking either 600 mg. or 1200 mg. azapropazone daily. The results demonstrate that azapropazone does not produce greater than normal gastro-intestinal bleeding, that the volume of faecal blood loss is not dose-related, and there would not appear to be any correlation between blood loss and the occasional mild gastro-intestinal side-effects reported in a few patients. These results compared favourably with those obtained previously by the investigators in a similar group of patients taking 3 g. aspirin per day.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

On the role of prostaglandins in parturition in the rat.

Treatment of both intact and hypophysectomized pregnant rats on days 19 and 20 of pregnancy with PGF2alpha results in a rapid fall in plasma progesterone concentrations by day 20 followed by premature delivery on day 21. Administration of depoprovera did not prevent the PGF2alpha-induced fall in progesterone levels but premature littering was adverted. Indomethacin, an inhibitor of prostaglandin biosynthesis, postponed the onset of parturition by 20 h when administered in late pregnancy but rats treated with both indomethacin and PGF2alpha delivered at the normal time. Treatment of both intact and hypophysectomized animals with indomethacin delayed the fall in plasma progesterone concentrations which normally occurs between days 21 and 22 of pregnancy. Concomitant PGF2alpha treatment of rats receiving indomethacin caused plasma progesterone levels to fall in a pattern similar to controls. These findings indicate that endogenous PGF2alpha induces a fall in blood progesterone concentrations which is followed by increased myometrial activity.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hemarthrosis as the presenting manifestation of true myeloma joint disease.

This is the first reported of a patient with hemarthrosis due to invasion of the synovial membrane by myeloma cells. With angiographic studies of the affected joint it was apparent that the tumor tissue extended from the destructive bone lesion of the femoral condyle into the synovial membrane. Intraarticular spontaneous bleeding was the first manifestation of a monoclonal IgG multiple myeloma; the hemarthrosis recurred after drainage but was controlled with local roentgen therapy.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunoreactive insulin levels in ankylosing spondylitis.

Serum glucose, serum immunoreactive insulin and sedimentation rate (ESR) were measured in eighteen male patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and seven male healthy controls. The findings were correlated with the presence or absence of inflammatory activity of the disease. Fourteen patients had active AS with ESR of 47.0 +/- 27.7 mm; they had increased insulin levels measured as area under curve (AUC) of a glucose tolerance test 107.4 +/- 44.1 cm2 vs controls 40.8 +/- 12.6 cm2 (p less than 0.03). In 4 patients with clinically inactive AS and with ESR of 17.0 +/- 4.0 mm the insulin levels as the AUC were 83.2 +/- 38.0 cm2 vs controls (p = ns). In the whole group there was a direct correlation between ESR and serum immunoreactive insulin levels (r = 0.47 p less than 0.05). Our study suggests that AS may be associated with hyperinsulinism, whose role in the physiopathogenesis of the disease remains unknown.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cardiovascular manifestations in progressive systemic sclerosis].

UNLABELLED: We studied 20 consecutive patients with progressive systemic sclerosis from the cardiological point of view through non invasive methods. Sixteen (80%) patients had some kind of cardiovascular complications as shown by any of the used methods. a) SYMPTOMS: fourteen (70%) referred some type of cardiac symptoms. b) PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: eleven (55%) had an abnormal cardiac examination and 10 (50%) had arterial hypertension. c) Electrocardiogram: sixteen (80%) were abnormal. Among them, three cases (15%) had bifascicular block, complication considered up till now as rare. d) Cardiac X Ray Series: Fourteen (70%) were abnormal mainly due to pulmonary fibrosis (55%). e) Echocardiogram: 45% of them showed some kind of abnormality.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The heart in dermatomyositis and polymyositis ].

UNLABELLED: We studied eleven consecutive patients: eight with Dermatomyositis (DM) and three with Polymyositis (PM) from the cardiological point of view through non invasive methods. Nine patients (82%) had some kind of cardiopulmonary complications as shown by any of the used methods. SYMPTOMS: eight (73%) referred some kind of cardiopulmonary symptoms, mainly dyspnea; Physical examination; in seven (64%) was abnormal, detecting increased second pulmonary sound in four (36%), findings of mitral valve prolapse (MVP) in two (18%) and in two (18%) S3 gallop; Electrocardiogram: in seven (64%) was abnormal; six (55%) had some kind of heart enlargement corresponding four (36%) to right atrial or ventricular hypertrophy (RAH & RVH) and two (18%) to left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), three (27%) had incomplete or complete right bundle branch block, one (9%) had bifascicular block and one (9%) left anterior hemiblock. Two (18%) had sinus tachycardia and two (18%) atrial premature contractions; d) chest ray: six (55%) were abnormal, among them, three (27%) had pulmonary fibrosis, three (27%) had RAH and/or RVH, two (18%) had LVH and one (9%) pericardial effusion; e) Echocardiogram: was abnormal in eight (73%), corresponding three (27%) to RVH, three to MVP which has been considered rare, in two (18%) congestive cardiomyopathy, in two (18%) pericardial effusion and in one (9%) type "A" paradoxical septal movement.

Adult↗