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Biomedical subjects

G Michlmayr

Publications and source records attributed to G Michlmayr.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Combined chemo- and radiotherapy in small cell bronchogenic carcinoma].

During a period of 3 years 25 patients with small cell bronchogenic carcinoma were treated with combination chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The regimen was composed of adriamycin, cyclophosphamide and vincristine (ACO). After the first three cycles of combination chemotherapy-radiotherapy treatment was given to the primary tumor, the regional lymph nodes, the mediastinum and clinically involved cervical nodes. All patients showed a complete or partial regression of tumor. The median duration of response of patients with limited disease was 12 months, for those with extended or disseminated disease 8,6 months. Median survival from start of therapy was 14 months for those with limited disease at presentation and 10,9 months for those presenting with disseminated disease. The data were compared with those of other studies and discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Acute lymphatic leukaemia in children: re-examination after remission of at least five years (author's transl)].

Full remission of more than five years was observed in nine of 24 children with acute lymphatic leukaemia. They had been treated by a scheme similar to the Pinkel VII one, and all had been discharged from treatment. The immune status, bone marrow, radiological, neurological and psychosomatic studies, as well as various laboratory tests indicated that in seven of the children the findings, are essentially normal. But two children have lasting severe organ damage, portal fibrosis in one and bilateral intracerebral calcification in the other, both presumably due to the methotrexate treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Severe hemolytic anemia after mitral valvuloplasty].

A patient with mitral insufficiency is described who developed severe hemolytic anemia six months after mitral valvuloplasty. Various laboratory tests suggested that the cause of the hemolysis was mechanical. A second heart operation was therefore performed which revealed intact valve function. In view of the mechanical cause of hemolysis a bioprosthesis was implanted but the patient died shortly after this operation. Since similar cases are not found in the literature the authors invite discussion of the course in this case.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1979

[Prolymphocytic leukaemia (author's transl)].

Prolymphocytic leukaemia occurred in two women aged 75 and 57 years, respectively. In both instances the lymphatic cells fulfilled the morphological criteria of the disease picture. In one patient the disease was characterised by immunological and physical methods as being a B-cell lymphoma, in the other a T-cell lymphoma. Acid phosphatase was of special significance among cytochemical studies. While the patient with the T-cell lymphoma died after three months, the one with B-cell lymphoma is still alive 16 months later. Splenectomy resulted in marked improvement in the latter patient's condition and may turn out to be the treatment of choice in prolymphocytic leukaemia.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[A method for the detection of suppressor lymphocytes and its clinical use].

Suppressor cells play a major role in immune regulation and supervision. Unspecific suppressor cells can be stimulated by Concanavalin A (ConA) in a concentration of 1-50 micrograms/ml. Absorbed pooled human AB serum is the optimal serum source. Monocytes are necessary to induce suppressor cells. Preincubation of lymphocytes abolishes the suppressor cell inducibility. Different ConA incubation periods show two suppressor peaks, the first on day 0-1, the second on day 4-6. It is concluded, therefore, that we deal with two populations of suppressor cells. The first of these seems to resemble the spontaneous in vivo suppressor level, needs not to be activated by ConA but is rapidly inactivated without permanent antigeneic stimulus. The second peak consists of suppressor cells which are activated by a ConA stimulation of at least 3-4 days. Another conclusion can be drawn from these data: The conventional control system for the ConA induction of suppressor cells is not the optimal one, because the spontaneous suppressor cells are not included within this system, although they perhaps give a better insight into the actual immune status.

Concanavalin A↗
PubMed1979

[Prolymphocytic and hairy cell leukemias as special forms of chronic lymphatic leukemia].

Cytochemical and immunological studies were performed on "hairy" cells from 5 patients. The results, primarily the detection of surface immunoglobulins after incubation in immunoglobulin-free medium support the hypothesis that hairy cells are B-cells. Further parameters for B-cell lineage are the failing suppression of unspecific esterases by NaF, the presence of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase and the absence of phagocytic capacity and glass adherence (skin window). A lysozyme could not be demonstrated. Of two patients with prolymphocytic leukemia one was characterized as T- and one as B-cell leukemia. Therefore, the prolymphocytic leukemia has to be discussed as intermediate form of ALL and CLL. In both patients the therapeutic results were discouraging with cytostatics (e. g. chlorambucil), splenectomy is considered as the treatment of choice.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1979

[Serious hemolytic anemia after mitral valvuloplasty].

A patient with mitral insufficiency is described who developed severe hemolytic anemia six months after mitral valvuloplasty. Various laboratory tests suggested that the cause of the hemolysis was mechanical. A second heart operation was therefore performed which revealed intact valve function. With respect to the mechanical cause of hemolysis a bioprosthesis was implanted, but the patient died shortly after this operation. Since similar cases are not reported in the literature the authors invite for discussion of this case.

Anemia, Hemolytic↗
PubMed1978

[T-lymphocytes and their function in Hodgkin's disease].

In untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease the percentage of T-lymphocytes was significantly reduced in comparison to healthy controls independent of the stage of the disease. The absolute number of T-lymphocytes was also reduced in most patients. The response of lymphocytes after PHA-stimulation was diminished parallel with the skin reactivity: Normal results were obtained in early stages and with favorable histological types whilst low values were found in stages III and IV and in unfavourable histological types. A correlation between the percentage of T-lymphocytes and the PHA-stimulation was found in early stages, but not in stages III and IV. There was also a correlation between the absolute number of T-lymphocytes and skin reactivity. The percentage of DNA-synthesizing lymphocytes was significantly higher than in normal blood. The highest values were found in stages III and IV and in unfavourable histological types. After radiation therapy the T-lymphopenia, the diminished PHA-stimulation as well as anergy was more pronounced than after chemotherapy.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1978

[Humoral and cellular immune mechanisms in venous occlusive lung diseases].

In a 73-year-old female patient, pulmonary veno-occlusive disease was diagnosed by the typical histological findings in the lung. Immunofluorescence studies showed granular deposits of IgG and C1q in the lung, suggesting immune complex deposition and complement activation by the classical pathway. Furthermore, the presence of lymphocytes sensitized against collagen was demonstrated using the leukocyte migration inhibition system. These results demonstrate the significance of humoral and cellular immune mechanisms in the pathogenesis of this disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

A comparative study of the buoyant density distribution of normal and malignant lymphocytes.

Density distribution patterns of normal and malignant lymphocytes were compared following centrifugation to equilibrium on linear density gradients. For normal lymphocytes differences in the distribution patterns were observed between: (1) B and T cells, (2) central and peripheral cells, and (3) resting and activated cells. The findings suggested that cell density is determined by cell lineage the degree of differentiation and the stage of functional activation. Marked differences in the density distribution profiles were also observed among certain types of morphologically distinguishable lymphoproliferations. To some extent density analyses enabled the discrimination between CLL, follicular lymphomas and lymphoblastic lymphomas as well as between O-ALL and T-ALL. Density profiles of malignant lymphocytes failed to disclose any features specific for malignancies. But they revealed some similarities with distinct subsets of normal lymphocytes, i.e. between: (1) CLL and bone marrow lymphoid cells, (2) follicular lymphomas and follicular centre cells, and (3) lymphoblastic lymphomas and activated lymphocytes. These findings are further evidence supporting the hypothesis that the malignant transformation of phenotypically different lymphoproliferations takes place at different levels of lymphocyte differentiation.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1978

Detection of cytochemical and morphological anomalies in 'preleukemia'.

The present investigations confirm and extend previous reports on the occurrence of cytochemical anomalies among the hemopoietic cells in preleukemia. The cytochemical patterns of the hemopietic cells obtained from 19 patients suffering from a preleukemic disorder have been studied. The diagnostic value of the cytochemical examination using a panel of 10 different tests is emphasized. In a prospective study in 17 out of 25 patients, preleukemia had been correctly diagnosed. In 4 patients leukemia developed within 2-4 months from the diagnosis ('imminent leukemia'), in 13 patients leukemia or smouldering leukemia developed between 4 and 25 months after the diagnosis ('true preleukemia'). The cytochemical profiles of the hemopoietic cells of the latter have been compared with those of 14 patients suffering from aplastic anemia. In preleukemia the blasts did not exceed 3% of the nucleated bone marrow cells. The clinical value of the diagnosis 'preleukemia' is discussed as well as the prognosis and the possible therapeutic approaches.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Expression and specificity of FcIgG receptor sites on neoplastic lymphocytes.

We investigated the ability of an FcIgG receptor marker to discriminate between subtypes of malignant lymphoproliferative diseases that differed in their clinical presentations. A quantitative radioimmuno assay was established that enabled us to evaluate average receptor densities on a population basis. Surface receptors were first saturated with IgG complexes. The number of membrane associated IgG molecules was subsequently determined with 125I-staphylococcal protein A. Results obtained with this assay on a battery of malignant lymphocytes suggested that the range of receptor densities of malignant B and T cells might overlap each other but would correlate with the degree of tumor cell differentiation and the clinical stage of the underlying disease. This behavior limits the use of this marker in the characterization of the derivation of malignant lymphocytes; these findings, however, may be useful in the prognostic classification of lymphomas of known origin.

Binding Sites, Antibody↗
PubMed1977

[The differentiation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes by immunological methods. III. Results in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (author's transl)].

In 47 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia surface markers were evaluated on mononuclear cells of the peripheral blood as well as in some cases on bone marrow lymphocytes. The lymphocytes were characterized by their binding capacity for sheep red blood cells, the demonstration of Fc-receptors, complement receptors as well as surface immunoglobulins. In 6 of 23 untreated patients the blasts bound sheep red blood cells spontaneously (T-ALL), in two of these six cases the lymphoblasts had simultaneously receptors for complement. In a further patients the lymphoblasts had complement- and Fc-receptors. The blasts of 16 of 23 patients were negative in respect to the markers tested (O-ALL). By comparing two groups of patients--one with positive cells, one unreactive--the clinical features differed: the marker positive group showed a predominance of male patients, 5 of 7 patients had a massive mediastinal mass and the remission rate was lower than in the group with positive blasts. 24 patients in remission under maintance treatment had a decreased percentage of rosette forming lymphocytes as well as lymphocytes with surface immunoglobulins and Fc-receptors. There existed some correlation between the percentage of rosette forming lymphocytes and the clinical course: patients with complications had lower percentages of rosette forming lymphocytes than patients with a favourable course.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[T-cell lymphoma (author's transl)].

The percentage of T- and B-lymphocytes was determined by means of surface markers in 190 patients suffering from various lymphoproliferative disease. Characteristic T-cell lymphomas were diagnosed in 8 patients: 2 of these patients suffered from acute leukaemia, 2 from lymphoblastic lymphoma, 3 from mycosis fungoides and one from the Sézary syndrome. The clinical course of the disease in these patients, the clinical picture and the results obtained with various surface markers and with unspecific mitogens are described and discussed.

Adult↗