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Biomedical subjects

G Mayer

Publications and source records attributed to G Mayer.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Effectiveness of recombinant human erythropoietin in the treatment of transfusion-dependent anemia in patients on chronic dialysis].

Recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO) has recently become available for clinical trial and has been used for the first time in Austria for the treatment of transfusion dependent patients on chronic haemodialysis. Inclusion criteria into the study were baseline haemoglobin levels of less than or equal to 6 g/dl and transfusion requirements of greater than or equal to 1 unit of blood per month. r-HuEPO (CILAG/AMGEN/ORTHO) was administered intravenously 3 times weekly at the end of dialysis. The initial dose was 100 U/kg body weight at each administration and was increased by 25 U/kg if Hb levels failed to increase by greater than 5% of baseline at intervals of 3 weeks. All 9 patients studied showed an increase in Hb values to the desired value at least greater than or equal to 10 g/dl within 6 to 16 weeks and none of the patients required further blood transfusions. All patients reported subjective improvement of life quality and markedly increased working ability. Apart from minor episodes of bone pain and subfebrile temperatures after r-HuEPO administration no major side effects were noted. These preliminary results show that r-HuEPO (CILAG/AMGEN/ORTHO) is a safe and effective form of therapy for renal anaemia and one which opens new horizons in the management of patients on chronic haemodialysis.

Anemia↗
PubMed1987

[Factitious hypoglycemia caused by taking a sulfonylurea drug].

Three cases of factitious (self-induced) hypoglycaemia, brought about by regular intake of sulphonylurea preparations, seen in the span of three years are reported. The clinical picture was similar to that caused by an insulinoma. One patient was a 31-year-old male nurse, another a 17-year-old girl whose mother was a diabetic, the third a 60-year-old female diabetic. The correct diagnosis of factitious hypoglycemia was made only after demonstrating glibenclamide in serum and urine. Factitious hypoglycemia can be differentiated from fasting hypoglycemia caused by hyperinsulinaemia by a lowered C-peptide level after injection of insulin. When sulphonylurea preparations are taken, the only way of distinguishing factitious hypoglycemia from insulinoma is by determining the drug in serum and urine. The cases reported in the literature are almost all in medical personnel, diabetics or members of their family.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Myo-, neuro-, gastrointestinal encephalopathy (MNGIE syndrome) due to partial deficiency of cytochrome-c-oxidase. A new mitochondrial multisystem disorder.

A 42-year-old woman had a 10-year history of external ophthalmoplegia, malabsorption resulting in chronic malnutrition, muscle atrophy and polyneuropathy. Computer tomography revealed hypodensity of her cerebral white matter. A metabolic disturbance consisted of lactic acidosis after moderate glucose loads with increased excretion of hydroxybutyric and fumaric acids. Post-mortem studies revealed gastrointestinal scleroderma as the morphological manifestation of her malabsorption syndrome, ocular and skeletal myopathy with ragged red fibers, peripheral neuropathy, vascular abnormalities of meningeal and peripheral nerve vessels. Biochemical examination of the liver and muscle tissues revealed a partial defect of cytochrome-c-oxidase (complex IV of the respiratory chain). This mitochondrial multisystem disorder may represent a separate entity to be classified between the spectrum of myoencephalopathies and oculo-gastrointestinal muscular dystrophy.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Mechanical ventilation with the esophageal tracheal combitube (ETC) in the intensive care unit.

Mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients is usually performed with the conventional endotracheal airway. The esophageal tracheal combitube (ETC) is a new device for cardiopulmonary resuscitation, conceived to bridge the gap between hospital and prehospital phases. The ETC may be used in esophageal and endotracheal positions. The authors report six patients who were ventilated with the ETC in the esophageal obturator position for 2-8 h after emergency ventilation. Blood gas data showed adequate ventilation with the ETC during the observation period. Data suggest that mechanical ventilation with the ETC is possible for several hours after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. This might be helpful during the initial post-arrest period, when replacement of the ETC by a conventional endotracheal airway might destabilize a vulnerable patient.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Positive minor cross-reaction due to red blood cell T-activation in a neonate with perforated colon.

We report the case of a prematurely born, 39-day-old male infant with a history of mechanical ileus and perforated colon in which blood grouping showed group 0 Rh (D)-positive without particularities. Minor tests, however, were distinctly positive in 4 units of blood, whereas all major tests were negative. There is strong evidence that the positive minor cross-reaction was caused by in vivo RBC T-activation with subsequent donor serum anti-T agglutination.

Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate↗
PubMed1986

Acetabular reinforcement in total hip replacement.

In 21 cases of severe secondary protrusio acetabuli with extensive or total destruction of the acetabular cortical structures, the double anchorage of conventional polyethylene cups with nine Müller acetabular reinforcement rings and 12 Burch-Schneider anti-protrusio reinforcement cages was carried out. They were applied in combination with reconstructive surgery of cancellous bone in three primary total hip replacements and in 18 revision operations for loosened acetabular cups following total arthroplasties. Indication for and technique of the acetabular reinforcement are described. The radiological and clinical results in 21 patients followed up were satisfactory. They confirm the efficiency of these screw-fixed reinforcement implants for the solid fixation of the plastic cup in patients with extreme acetabular deficiencies.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1986

[Assessing the strength of the anterior cruciate ligaments and transplants from the central third of the patellar ligament].

Tensile strength and elongation tests were applied to bone-ligament-bone specimens of anterior cruciate ligaments and grafts from the central third of patellar tendons of 16 autopsy knee joints. A comparison of all strength values thus recorded has revealed that a graft from the central third of the patellar tendon is a fully effective substitute for anterior cruciate ligaments. No significant difference was found to exist between both variants with regard to percentual elongation and stiffness. Tensile strength of patellar tendon grafts was higher by almost one third as compared to tensile strength recorded from anterior cruciate ligaments.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Ventral intercorporal spondylodesis of the lumbar spine in segmental instability].

Ventral intercorporal spondylodesis or anterior interbody fusion was applied via the extraperitoneal route to the lumbar spine of 25 adult patients. The approach had in all cases been indicated for segmental instability in spondylolisthesis or degeneration of vertebral discs with low-back pain in the wake of surgery. Described are the surgical technique used as well as intra-operative and postoperative complications. Solid union was recorded from 21 patients, while non-union occurred to four. Follow-up checks within six months to four and a half years from surgery (2.2 years on average) revealed good clinical success in 19 patients. Four of them were absolutely free of low-back pain, while the condition of 15 had changed to the better. Pain symptoms were not affected in six patients.

Adult↗