[A new working method: our experience].
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Dental Care↗
Biomedical subjects
G May
Publications and source records attributed to G May.
Escherichia coli XerC recombinase is required for chromosomal segregation at cell division.
XerC is a site-specific recombinase of the bacteriophage lambda integrase family that is encoded by xerC at 3700 kbp on the genetic map of Escherichia coli. The protein was originally identified through its role in converting multimers of plasmid ColE1 to monomers; only monomers are stably inherited. Here we demonstrate that XerC also has a role in the segregation of replicated chromosomes at cell division. xerC mutants form filaments with aberrant nucleotides that appear unable to partition correctly. A DNA segment (dif) from the replication terminus region of the E. coli chromosome binds XerC and acts as a substrate for XerC-mediated site-specific recombination when inserted into multicopy plasmids. This dif segment contains a region of 28 bp with sequence similarity to the crossover region of ColE1 cer. The cell division phenotype of xerC mutants is suppressed in strains deficient in homologous recombination, suggesting that the role of XerC/dif in chromosomal metabolism is to convert any chromosomal multimers (arising through homologous recombination) to monomers.
Aminopeptidases↗
[Excretion of beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase in urine of patients with kidney transplants and workers exposed to cadmium].
A new colorimetric test for kinetic determination of beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase activity in urine is evaluated according to the diagnostic usefulness in patients after kidney transplantation and in workers exposed to cadmium. The new test is suited to monitor renal parenchymal alterations.
Acetylglucosaminidase↗
The osmZ (bglY) gene encodes the DNA-binding protein H-NS (H1a), a component of the Escherichia coli K12 nucleoid.
A class of trans-acting mutations, which alter the osmoregulated expression of the Escherichia coli proU operon, maps at 27 min on the chromosome in a locus we have called osmZ. Mutations in osmZ are allelic to bglY, pilG and virR, affect gene expression, increase the frequency of the site-specific DNA inversion mediating fimbrial phase variation, stimulate the formation of deletions, and influence in vivo supercoiling of reporter plasmids. We have cloned the osmZ+ gene, mapped it at 1307 kb of the E. coli restriction map, identified its gene product as a 16 kDa protein, and determined the nucleotide sequence of the osmZ+ gene. The deduced amino acid sequence for OsmZ predicts a protein of 137 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular weight of 15,530. The primary sequence of OsmZ is identical to that of H-NS (H1a), a DNA-binding protein that affects DNA topology and is known to be associated with the bacterial nucleoid. Thus, osmZ is the structural gene for the H-NS (H1a) protein. The nucleotide sequence of osmZ is almost identical to that of hns; however, hns was incorrectly located at 6.1 min on the E. coli linkage map. Increased osmZ gene dosage leads to cell filament formation, altered gene expression, and reduced frequency of fimbrial phase variation. Our results suggest that the nucleoid-associated DNA-binding protein H-NS (H1a) plays a critical role in gene expression and in determining the structure of the genetic material.
Alleles↗
Effect of increased donor age on kidney transplant outcome.
Donors over the age of 50 years provided kidneys for 28 of our 226 recipients (12.4%) transplanted from January 1, 1987 to December 31, 1988. Immediate function following transplantation occurred in 36% of the kidneys from donors both over and under the age of 50. The overall 3-month graft survival rate for transplants from donors over 50 years was 89%, compared with 78% for transplants from donors under 50 years (p greater than 0.05). Thus kidneys from well-selected older donors make an important contribution to the total pool of organs available for transplantation.
Age Factors↗
[Use of OKT-3 in treatment of rejection following kidney transplantation].
Application of OKT-3 as rescue therapy in steroid-resistant rejection was effective in 7 out of 9 patients early after cadaveric kidney transplantation. Under attention of instructions for use of OKT-3 the adverse first-dose reactions are rare. The problem of OKT-3 therapy is early use and its reuse.
Adult↗
[Incidence and prognostic value of cytomegalovirus-specific antibodies of the IgM class in kidney transplant recipients].
In a retrospective study of 326 patients which have been received a renal allograft between 1985 and 1988 at the Berlin Kidney Transplant Centre, all recipients were divided into 3 groups according to their antibody status against cytomegalovirus (IgM+/IgG+; IgM-/IgG+; IgM-/IgG-). Frequency and severity of CMV infections in the early period after kidney transplantation have been compared. Primary infections could be observed in 51/112 (45.5%) patients (group 3), secondary infections in 60/190 (31.6%) patients (group 2). In 7.4% of all recipients (24/326) CMV-specific IgM antibodies could be found at the time of transplantation (group 1). In primary infections the patients have had a significantly higher frequency of moderate or severe CMV diseases as in secondary infections (24.4 vs. 8.3%). In group 3 this frequency was 16.7%. In conclusion, it is not necessary to select renal allograft recipients according their positive CMV-IgM-antibody status, but a close-meshed posttransplant control is indicated.
Antibodies, Viral↗
[4-way immunosuppression in pre-sensitized recipients of allogenic cadaver kidney transplants].
As a result of introduction of quadruple immunosuppression using cyclosporine, antithymocyte globulin, azathioprine and prednisone in immunological high-risk patients with a presensitization greater than or equal to 80% and/or multiple grafts the rate of immediate graft function could significantly increased, the frequency of rejection and graft rupture was reduced and the patient survival rate could improved to 100%. The problem of vascular rejection should resolved by a more aggressive biopsy approach.
Antilymphocyte Serum↗
[Transplantation of the kidneys of donors with cancer--personal experiences and review of the literature].
From 1980 to 1988 more than 1,549 organ donors were harvested, 125 of them (8%) died from cancer--116 brain tumors and 9 donors with extracerebral cancer. In 3 donors suffering from extracerebral cancer 5 kidneys were transplanted. All transplants functioned well without tumor signs up to 21 months after grafting. However, because of tumor recurrence in nearly 50% of the cases described in the literature generally organs from donors suffering from extracerebral cancer should not transplanted if possible.
Brain Neoplasms↗
[Severe impalement injury with primary surgical, gynecologic and urologic management].
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Adult↗
[Spontaneous kidney transplant rupture--effect of immunosuppressive therapy on incidence of rupture].
In an analysis of 302 cadaveric kidney transplantations performed from 1986 to 1988 the frequency of spontaneous kidney allograft ruptures could significantly reduced by introduction of cyclosporine therapy. Therefore, the importance of rejection in the etiology of allograft rupture is emphasized. In comparison with an earlier analysis the prognosis of rupture with respect to organ repair has been impaired (41 vs. 68%). The importance of intense and effective immunosuppressive therapy in the early period after kidney transplantation is emphasized.
Azathioprine↗
[Procurement of organ donors--initial results of the Berlin-Potsdam-Frankfurt model].
The shortage of donor kidneys is the main cause of the even insufficient supply of patients suffering from end stage renal disease. In 1987 a transplant coordinator to the districts Berlin, Frankfurt and Potsdam with 3.1 Mio inhabitants was introduced. The functions of the coordinator and the approach to organ procurement are described in detail. In comparison with 1986 the number of explanted kidneys could doubled in 1988 (68 vs 143). The number of 46.3 explanted kidneys per million inhabitants is comparable with other areas or countries with excellent organ procurement system.
Berlin↗
The effect of macrophage stimulation on the uptake of acetylated low-density lipoproteins.
The rapid uptake of modified low-density lipoproteins (LDL) by macrophages in the arterial wall may lead to their conversion into lipid-laded foam cells in atherosclerotic lesions. We have therefore investigated the effects of macrophage stimulation on their rate of uptake of modified LDL. The uptake of 125I-labelled acetyl-LDL by mouse resident peritoneal macrophages was reduced by about 60-85% by zymosan (250 micrograms/ml), by 25-45% by lipopolysaccharide (0.1-1 mg/ml) and 50-60% by phorbol myristate acetate (100 nM). The inhibition was dose-dependent and was observed at the earliest times studied (about 1 h). Binding studies at 0 degrees C showed that all three stimulating agents decreased the number of cell-surface receptors for acetyl-LDL. If macrophages are stimulated in atherosclerotic lesions, this may therefore be beneficial in that it may decrease their numbers of receptors for modified LDL, although it may be harmful in other ways in that stimulated macrophages may release factors that damage the arterial wall.
Animals↗
Independent transfer of mitochondrial plasmids in Neurospora crassa.
In the ascomycete fungus Neurospora, the distribution of homologous mitochondrial plasmid DNAs in different species and among mitochondrial types of N. crassa suggests that these molecules have moved between lineages of clonally propagated mtDNA. Here we report direct evidence for independent inheritance of mitochondrial plasmids by sexual reproduction which may help explain the distribution of these molecules among mitochondrial lineages.
Blotting, Southern↗
Characterization of the osmoregulated Escherichia coli proU promoter and identification of ProV as a membrane-associated protein.
The Escherichia coli proU operon encodes a high-affinity, binding-protein-dependent transport system for the osmoprotectant glycine betaine. Expression of proU is osmoregulated, and transcription of this operon is greatly increased in cells grown at high osmolarity. Characterization of the proU operon and its promoter provided results similar to those published elsewhere (Gowrishankar, 1989; Stirling et al., 1989). The previously identified proU601 mutation, which leads to increased proU expression both at low- and high osmolarity, is a G to A transition in the Pribnow box of the proU promoter, which increases the homology of the -10 region to the consensus sequence of E. coli promoters. Using an antiserum raised against a ProV-beta-galactosidase hybrid protein, we have identified ProV as a protein associated with the cytoplasmic membrane. This cellular location is consistent with its proposed role as the energy-coupling component of the ProU transport system.
Base Sequence↗
Osmotic regulation of porin expression: a role for DNA supercoiling.
The OmpC and OmpF porins are major outer membrane proteins of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. Their expression is affected by many environmental factors and by mutations in a variety of independent genes. The pair of regulatory proteins, OmpR and EnvZ, are required for normal porin expression. Despite intensive investigation, the mechanisms by which porin expression is regulated remain unclear. Mutations which alter supercoiling, as well as inhibitors of DNA gyrase, show that porin expression is extremely and specifically sensitive to the level of DNA supercoiling. Our data lead us to suggest that environmentally induced changes in DNA supercoiling may play a role in determining the level of porin expression. These findings have implications for current models of porin regulation.
Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins↗
[Analysis of T-cell subpopulations and expression patterns of lymphocytic activation markers in patients in the early phase following kidney transplantation using laser flow cytometry].
In 10 patients after kidney transplantation the T cell subpopulations (CD4, CD8) and the number of activated lymphocytes (IL-2R and transferrin receptor+, 4F2+, HLA-DR+, CD3+) in the peripheral blood were determined. In 9 out of 9 cases with rejection a clear immune activation could observed. In patients with CMV-associated rejection crisis the CD4/CD8 ratio was significantly higher compared with patients with rejection crisis but without CMV infection. In all patients with CMV infection (n = 5) an increase of activated lymphocytes was observed. In a clinical-immunological monitoring the dynamics of the CD4/CD8 ratio, the expression of activation marker (especially CD3+, HLA-DR+ and 4F2+) and the absolute number of lymphocyte subpopulations should included.
Adult↗
[Personal experiences with kidney transplantation in the elderly].
From January 1987 to December 1988 226 cadaveric renal allotransplants were performed in the Kidney Transplant Center of the Friedrichshain Hospital. 38 of the recipients (17%) were older than 50 years. The results of transplantation are comparable with younger recipients, except a higher frequency of age-related urological complications of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Adolescent↗