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Biomedical subjects

G Mattarelli

Publications and source records attributed to G Mattarelli.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Y chromosome loss detected by FISH in bladder cancer.

To examine the significance of Y chromosome losses in bladder cancer, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to determine its prevalence and associations with known parameters of malignancy. Cells were dissociated from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded bladder tumors from 68 male patients and from 11 post-mortem bladder washes of male patients with a negative bladder cancer history, and were examined by FISH using centromeric probes for chromosomes X, Y, 7, 9, and 17. Nullisomy for chromosome Y was seen in 23 of 68 tumors (34%), monosomy in 28 of 68 tumors (41%), and polysomy in 17 of 68 tumors (25%). There was no association between chromosome Y loss and tumor grade, stage, tumor growth fraction (Ki67 LI), p53 immunostaining, and presence of p53 deletions. Patient age was higher for tumors with a Y loss (73.5 +/- 12.0 years) than for tumors without Y loss (66.6 +/- 10.8 years; p = 0.0207). In one normal bladder wash, a distinct subpopulation (38% of cells) with Y nullisomy was seen. These data suggest that Y loss is a frequent event that can occur early in bladder cancer, although there is no evidence for a role of Y loss in tumor progression.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1995

In vivo and in vitro complex formation of prostate specific antigen with alpha 1-anti-chymotrypsin.

Complex formation of prostate specific antigen (PSA) with its inhibitor alpha 1-anti-chymotrypsin (ACT) in vivo and in vitro was studied. Patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were treated with the computer assisted device "Prostatron." This instrument acts by means of thermal destruction of prostatic tissue. The effect of the treatment was followed by measurement of serum PSA concentrations using commercially available immunoassays from Roche (Cobas Core), Wallac (Delfia) and Abbot (IMx) and Hybritech Tandem. Serum samples were further analyzed by molecular sieving on S.300 (Pharmacia) and analyzed for PSA by immuno assay. The complex formation of PSA with ACT in serum was studied, demonstrating this process to be influenced by external stimulus. Patient sera revealing initially normal PSA levels (3 to 5 ng/ml) were stimulated to very high levels of PSA (> or = 140 ng/ml) by Prostatron treatment. The absolute PSA level depends on the assay system and not only on the staging of the prostate tumor. In addition, complex formation was studied in athymic nude mice and in vitro revealing the possible pathways of PSA release. PSA from LNCAP cells kept in vitro show predominantly uncomplexed (free) PSA, whereas PSA from LNCAP cells injected into nude mice appears in the serum of the animals in complexed form. This demonstrates how in the immunization process free and complexed PSA serve as antigens in the standard procedure for the production of antisera for PSA. This model system also can be used for studies of the release mechanism of PSA into blood circulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Serum free prostate specific antigen: isoenzymes in benign hyperplasia and cancer of the prostate.

Prostate specific antigen (PSA) in serum of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or prostate cancer (P-CA) not bound to alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (ACT) was analyzed by chromatofocusing. The procedure allowed the simultaneous separation of complexed and free PSA and the fractionation of the free PSA fraction into several isoenzymes. The detection of the isoenzymes was strongly dependent on the combination of antibodies introduced in the applied commercially available immunoassays (Cobas Core, Delfia). Isoenzymes in sera of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia were mainly situated in the pI range of 6.6 to 7.3. Isoenzymes in sera of prostate cancer patients or in PSA from LNCAP cells were mainly situated in the pI range 7.0 to 8.3. Neuraminidase treatment of the sera shifted the isoelectric points of all three sources towards more basic pHs. An irregular glycosylation process in the dysplastic cells of the prostate is suggested to be the cause for the shift of the isoelectric points. The difference of isoenzyme distribution along the pH axis is discussed as a diagnostic tool to differentiate between BPH and P-CA.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1994

Ureteroarticular fistula after total hip replacement. A case report.

A fistula between the ureter and the acetabular space developed in a woman 69 years of age after revision surgery for a total hip arthroplasty. Symptoms were intermittent macrohematuria and swelling of the leg. The diagnosis was confirmed by arthrography and an elevated creatinine level in the aspirated fluid. After nephroureterectomy, symptoms disappeared. We conclude that the differential diagnosis of persisting unusual symptoms after total hip replacement has to include a fistula between the total hip prosthesis and urinary tract, even in the absence of open sinuses.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1994

Post-vasectomy erectile dysfunction.

We investigated two groups of men with regard to vasectomy acceptance, and subsequent erectile dysfunction. Group I was a group of 45 men chosen at random from 254 vasectomized patients. Group II was a group of 18 men who, out of 180 patients treated for erectile dysfunction, attributed their dysfunction to previous vasectomy. We analysed the social background, motivation for vasectomy and postoperative changes of sexual life or behaviour of the partners. The partnership constellation, particularly the role of a predominant female partner seems to be an important feature for vasectomy acceptance. Low acceptance might cause erectile dysfunction.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Post-orchiectomy hot flushes.

Orchiectomy is a frequently performed androgen ablative therapy in men with prostatic cancer. Sudden withdrawal of sex steroids in men can lead to troublesome menopausal symptoms such as hot flushes (HF) and profuse sweating. In the past, HF in men have received little attention and therapeutic options are not widely known. HF are a side effect of orchiectomy and other androgen ablative therapies and can no longer be neglected. The considerable decrease in quality of life caused by HF is particularly hard on patients who are dependent on palliative treatment. Because most patients will seek palliation, it is important that medical practitioners be made aware of the etiology and treatment of HF. In this article the frequency and intensity of HF in 32 patients were studied and present-day treatment options are summarized.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Initial experiences with prostaglandin E1 and PGE1 prepared injections].

Between April and August 1989 we treated 50 patients with an erectile dysfunction. 23 patients (46%) had an organic, 17 (34%) a psychogenic and 7 patients (14%) a mixed origin of their impotence. In 3 patients the diagnosis has yet to be made. To induce pharmacological erections we used 20 micrograms of prostaglandin-E1 in a ready to use syringe. 64% (32 patients) achieved a full erection. Of the 18 patients insufficiently responding, 12 (67%) had an organic (in 11 patients vascular), 4 a psychogenic and 1 patient a mixed erectile dysfunction. In one patient the diagnosis has not been established at present. 14% (7) of the patients complained to have painful erections disturbing intercourse. The mean erection time was 2.5 hours (range 0.5-5.5). In one patient the intracavernous injection of prostaglandin-E1 resulted in a prolonged erection of more than seven hours, which was successfully treated by aspiration of blood from the corpora cavernosa and intracavernous injection of phenylephrine-hydrochloride. Nevertheless prostaglandin-E1 appears to be more physiological and to have less side-effects than papaverin-chloride.

Alprostadil↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hot flashes after orchiectomy in treatment of prostate cancer-- a serious side effect].

Orchiectomy is a frequently performed therapy for prostatic carcinoma in elderly men. A so far widely neglected side-effect is the occurrence of hot flushes. They considerably decrease the quality of life of a large number of the patients who often are in a palliative situation and handicapped by other diseases. Therapeutic options are widely unknown. Therefore, the patients often consult their doctors in vain. In a study with 32 patients clinical appearance of hot flushes and their effects on the patient's quality of life were analyzed. 69% of patients with a mean age of 75 years experienced hot flushes, whereas 31% of patients with a mean age of 80 years had not been bothered by hot flushes. Possible therapeutic options are presented and discussed. Ciproteronacetate seems to be the most effective therapy with the least side-effects (9).

Aged↗