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Biomedical subjects

G Mathé

Publications and source records attributed to G Mathé.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Radical tumor excision and cosmetic balance in the surgical treatment of breast carcinoma: biquadrantectomy.

The present trend in favor of conservative surgery is in contrast with histopathological findings of multicentric breast carcinoma, which may be responsible for the occurrence of relapses in spite of the use of radiation therapy. As a consequence, conservative surgery appears to be inadequate, especially when tumor size exceeds 2 cm. Therefore for tumors up to 4 cm in size, which are not adherent to the pectoral fascia, we propose the excision of two quadrants with concomitant operation on the contralateral breast resulting in a more symmetrical and therefore cosmetic effect. This is a more radical procedure than the removal of the one quadrant.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1992

Retrospective study correlating clinical infectious history and peripheral blood T-cell subpopulations in cancer, GvH and HIV+ patients.

The CD4+ CD8- inducer helper cell and the CD4- CD8+ cytotoxic/suppressor cell absolute numbers were measured in the peripheral blood of patients with various pathological conditions: with leukemia-lymphomas or solid tumors, patients with bone marrow grafts suffering from GvH, HIV-1 asymptomatic carriers, ARC and AIDS patients. The study was carried out during observation periods when they were not suffering from opportunistic infections and were untreated. In all the groups a decrease of the CD4+ CD8- cell absolute number was observed. In the leukemia-lymphoma and solid tumor bearing patients the CD4- CD8+ absolute value was lower than normal, while in the GvH- and HIV-infected patients, it was significantly higher. The clinical follow-up of each group indicates that GvH, ARC and AIDS patients developed infection in 40-68% of the cases, ie the only groups at risk of infection are those in which the CD4- CD8+ absolute values are high: we suggest that the balance CD4+ versus CD8+ should be considered rather the absolute CD4+ when discussing appropriate use of immuno-regulators.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1992

Phase I trial of Perrimustine, a new cysteamine (2-chloroethyl) nitrosourea: an intrapatient escalation scheme.

The recently synthesized nitrosourea, N-[N'-chloro-2-ethyl-N'-nitrosocarbamoyl]-S-methyl cysteamine sulfoxide (Perrimustine), is water soluble and has a high alkylating activity, similar to that of the widely used nitrsoureas BCNU and CCNU, and a low carbamoylating activity. Preclinical studies with a broad spectrum of murine tumors indicate that this new compound may be clinically useful. The maximally efficient dose range (MEDR) in L1210 bearing mice was 45 mg/m2 (subcurative dose) to 67 mg/m2 (subtoxic dose). The present phase I trial used an intrapatient escalation schedule, so that each patient entering the study received a potentially active dose. The first dose injected was 1:100 of the MEDR suboptimal dose to check for anaphylactic sensitivity. Patients were then given increasing doses at increasing time intervals until toxicity was observed. The highest dose was given on day 150-230. The main toxic effect was myelosuppression [five out of the 24 patients evaluated: one grade 4 thrombocytopenia, two grade 3 thrombocytopenia; anemia and leucopenia were milder (grade 1 to 2 on OMS scale)]. Of the 19 patients evaluated for clinical response, one showed response after the 45 mg/m2 dose (disappearance of the cerebral metastasis with persistence of hepatic localizations in a patient with melanoma) and the disease was stabilized in two cases (a pleural mesothelioma and a renal carcinoma with lung metastases) after 26 and 37 weeks, with total cumulative doses per m2 of 232 and 196 mg, respectively.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Combined differentiation therapy in myelodysplastic syndrome with retinoid acid, 1 alpha,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3, and prednisone.

The myelodysplastic syndrome (MDPS) provides an opportunity for identifying host factors (genetic, endocrine, immune) involved in initiation and progression of preleukemia into frank acute myeloid leukemia. The aim of this study was to identify bone marrow (BM) cellular and humoral dysfunctions central to the development of MDPS and useful in therapeutic follow-up studies. Our preclinical studies have shown that (1) the characteristic stromal cell composition of the normal BM microenvironment was impaired in MDPS and in AML in 67 and 86% of the cases, respectively; (2) the 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 concentration in BM plasma was abnormal in 50% of MDPS and 30% of AML; and (3) an inverse correlation existed in MDPS between the 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 concentration and the frequency of F-CFU, (r = 0.41, p < 0.02), suggestive of a regulatory interaction between this secosteroid hormone and BM stromal cells. The analysis of clonal extinction of BM blast cells in response to all trans retinoic acid (RA), 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3, and colony stimulating factors (PHA-LCM), either alone or in various combinations, revealed individual patterns of responses in the cases of MDPS or AML. The results indicate the necessity for preclinical studies to select patients for combined differentiation therapy. Our ongoing clinical trials suggest that RA (Roaccutan, 20 mg/day continuously) as induction therapy, followed at weeks 6 to 8 by prednisone (40 mg/day for 15 days) and 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 (Rocaltrol, 3 x 0.25 micrograms/day for 3 months) may induce a long-lasting hematological remission in MDPS.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1990

Virostatic in vivo effect of elliptinium on Friend's retrovirus (a model for HIV infection).

As we had discovered the virostatic effects of some analogues of acriflavine, a non-oncostatic intercalating agent, on HIV1 and on its best murine model, Friend's virus [7], we then studied other non- or poorly oncostatic intercalating agents, in particular ellipticins (whose negligible cytostatic effect with methoxy-9-ellipticin we first published. We report in this paper the in vivo virostatic effect of 2-methyl-9-hydroxy-ellipticinium (elliptinium) on Friend's virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Can virostatic chemotherapy and/or adoptive allogeneic immunotherapy eradicate in vivo Friend's virus infection?

While none of the three drugs which exert an in vitro anti-HIV effect, neither AZT nor the other two, acriflavine and elliptinium, which we have shown to be more efficient than AZT, is able to eradicate Friend's virus in vivo, the combination of the 3 drugs at much smaller doses than when given alone seems able to eradicate it in almost 30% of the infected animals. This possible eradicating effect of virostatics in combination is compared with the results we had previously obtained with lymphocytes of virus-immunized allogeneic donors.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Cis-diammino-dichloro-platinum therapy of cancers; phase II therapeutic trial].

We have conducted a phase II trial of cisdiammino-dichloro platinum (CDDP) which demonstrates its remarkable activity in testis embryonic carcinoma, in ovary carcinoma and in epidermoid cancers, especially head and neck and uterus cervix carcinoma. Its toxicity in mainly digestive and renal. This compound is now indicated in combinations in the case of the above mentioned tumors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Phase-II trial with vindesine for regression induction in patients with leukemias and hematosarcomas.

Vindesine (VDS) has been submitted to a phase-II trial, the results of which were assessed in terms of regression induction. VDS was given weekly IV in doses of 2 mg/m2 on two consecutive days to 59 patients, 55 of whom were evaluable. A high proportion of complete (36%) and over 50% partial regressions were obtained in acute lymphoid leukemias (ALL) (overall response 63%) whatever the perceptible phase, in blastic crisis of chronic myeloid luekemia (55%), and some responses were recorded in lymphosarcoma (40%). No effect has so far been seen in acute myeloid keukemia or in Hodgkin's disease. Malignant neoplasms of the immunoblastic type seem to be particularly sensitive to VDS. Continuous 48 h IV infusion can induce a remission where an IV push administration of the same dose has failed. One remarkable characteristic of VDS is the apparent absence of cross-resistance with VCR: in acute leukemic forms, 55% of patients who failed to obtain remission induction after three weekly injections of VCR (used in combination chemotherapy) achieved a complete or partial remission with VDS. The toxicity was mainly neurologic (paralytic ileus, constipation, paresthesias, loss of reflexes) and hematologic (leukopenia and thrombopenia), and was not more significant than with the other agents: four patients died of infection or hemorrhage.

Acute Disease↗