Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G Magalon

Publications and source records attributed to G Magalon.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Cover flaps for loss of substance on the heel. Apropos of 8 cases].

The anatomical and function characteristics of the heel region explain the large number of methods used and the differences of opinion particularly in relation to the repair of weightbearing zones. Our study is based on 28 patients in whom we performed: ten regional flaps, six cross-leg flaps, sixteen microsurgical flaps. The temporal fascia free flap provides good results on the posterior surface with minimal sequelae at the donor site. The medial plantar flap appears to be the most suitable flap for weight-bearing zones. Cross-lep flaps allow satisfactory repair of the weightbearing zone, but the scarred appearance of the donor site is inaesthetic and immobilisation is uncomfortable. The problem of large defects is still not resolved and no really satisfactory method is available among the various distant, skin, myocutaneous, pure muscle or cross-leg flaps. The solution may reside in a combination of two flaps allowing better adaptation to the morphology of the heel. The importance of heel sensation, particularly in the weight-bearing zone, led to the concept of the use of sensitive or resensitised flaps. After a review of the literature and our results, we did not find any correlation between the sensitivity obtained and the success of the reconstruction. It therefore seems useless to perform microscopic nerve sutures in order to resensitise distant heel flaps. The patient's cooperation is essential in every case to compensate for the decreased sensitivity by means of increased visual surveillance and the wearing of suitable shoes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Silastic gel and elastomer in the cicatrization of wounds in the rabbit].

The aim of this experimental study was to examine two new wound healing adjuvants. Four experimental wounds were created on the back of rabbits to compare the kinetics of wound healing after applying the standard treatment, Silastic gel, and elastomer with and without compounds known to act on wound healing. We observed a tendency towards more rapid healing in the gel groups (13.7 days), the elastomer group (17.3 days) and the elastomer with active compound group (15.3 days) compared with the control group (17.3 days) and the standard treatment group (17.8 days). The differences were not however statistically different. Elastomer is the better carrier for active wound healing compounds because it has better stability over time. Silicon dressings are interesting for wound healing because they give satisfactory results in terms of healing time and in terms of redressing and patient comfort.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Forum on tissue expansion. Expansion of the upper limb].

The authors report their experience of skin expansion of the upper limb based on a series of 42 operated patients: shoulder (8 cases), arm (19 cases), forearm (5 cases) and hand (8 cases). The operative protocol must be rigorous in terms of the choice of prosthesis (shape and size) and the type of valve (internal or external) and in terms of the technique of insertion of the expansion prosthesis (short incision in healthy skin) and harvesting of the expanded flap (sliding-draping flap rather than rotation flap). The indications are varied: unsightly scars and sequelae of burns, congenital naevi, syndactyly, resurfacing and preparation for a secondary surgical procedure (implant of a prosthesis, neurolysis, tenolysis). There were few complications with only 2 major complications resulting in failure of this technique.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Forum on tissue expansion. Are tissue expansion and radiotherapy compatible? Apropos of a series of 50 consecutive breast reconstructions].

Tissue expansion has become a method of choice for immediate or delayed breast reconstruction. The compatibility of radiotherapy and tissue expansion is a growing problem. We analyse a series of 50 breast reconstructions by expansion, 24 without radiotherapy and 26 with radiotherapy. For the 24 patients without radiotherapy, very satisfactory cosmetic results were obtained in 71% of cases with 21% of stage III-IV capsular contractures and 8% of failures. For the 26 patients with a history of radiotherapy, very satisfactory cosmetic results were obtained in 65% of cases with 20% of capsular contractures and 10% of failure. 20% of cases also required a myocutaneous flap to complete the reconstruction. The complications related to radiotherapy are due to radiation lesions of endovasculitis and destruction of the network of elastin fibres. They result in the impossibility of filling the expander, deformation of the thoracic cage, expansion without projection, thinning of the tissues over the prosthesis and necrosis and exposure requiring the use of a myocutaneous flap. In conclusion, signs of radiation dermatitis constitute a contraindication to tissue expansion, which is nevertheless possible, but with a higher risk of complications. Irradiation to an expansion prosthesis is associated with an unacceptable complication rate.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[How to evaluate velar insufficiency?].

The evaluation of velar insufficiency is absolutely necessary in order to assess the results of surgery of the labial palatal cleft. In addition to the clinical examination which remains indispensable, the aerophonometer, applicable to adults and children as from the age of 3, enables simultaneous measurement of the flow of buccal air, the flow of nasal air, and the buccal phonogram. The comparison of the lines, the relation of the nasal air and buccal air flows, upon the emission of two standard sentences with and without nasal components, enables an objective assessment of velar functioning.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1992

[Skin expansion. A new weapon in the therapeutic arsenal of plastic surgeons].

Skin expansion is a revolutionary technique for plastic surgery. Its principle is based on the observation of clinical facts, such as pregnancy, in which the skin can readily become distended. The technique consists in implanting a silicon prosthesis, connected to a filling valve through a tube, under the skin. The inflation of this prosthesis takes 3 months. At the end of this time, good-quality skin with the same features as normal skin (color, hairs, sensation) is available. There are many indications for this technique, including substance losses, removal of congenital tumors and of scars, breast reconstruction or scalp surgery.

Alopecia↗
PubMed1991

Rapid development of multiple squamous-cell carcinomas during chronic granulocytic leukemia.

We report a 65-year-old patient who presented a rapid eruption of keratoses on sun-exposed areas and an explosive transformation into several squamous-cell carcinomas, occurring during the accelerated phase of a chronic granulocytic leukemia. Clinical findings resembled those usually described in xeroderma pigmentosum. The role of immunosuppression, chemotherapy and possible genetic predisposition is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Contribution of external valves in skin expansion].

The filling period is a delicate phase of skin expansion procedures. Many of these difficulties are due to problems encountered during puncture of the valves when they are buried in the skin (pain, leaks, loss of the valve, inverted valve). The authors report their experience of the use of external filling valves. Based on a series of 68 valves, they describe the implantation technique, indications and their results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Median cleft of the lower lip. Apropos of a case].

The authors report a case of median cleft of the lower lip and mandible. This is rare malformation (60 cases published in the literature) with anomalies of the tongue and sometimes midline cervical cord. Cleft of the lower lip is repaired early between one and six months, but the correction of mandibular defect by bone graft will be done at the age of ten years. In this way the authors hope to preserve mandibular and teeth growth.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1991

[Crossed leg expanded flaps].

The authors report their experience of three cases of crossed leg expanded flaps. They describe the operative technique and discuss the advantages and disadvantages. Prior expansion of the crossed leg flap reduces the donor site scar.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Analysis of sequelae of the latissimus dorsi flap removal. Report of 44 cases reviewed and tested].

Since Tanzini, the latissimus dorsi muscle flap has been widely used in plastic surgery. Based on the experience of two plastic surgery units, we decided to try to define the sequelae of this operation. In order to simplify our analysis we only considered free flaps. Out study is based on 42 patients (26 pure muscular flaps and 16 musculo-cutaneous flaps). The sequelae were analysed in terms of aesthetic and functional criteria. The aesthetic sequelae appeared to be minima in the case of pure muscular flaps, but more severe in the case of musculo-cutaneous flaps. Functional sequelae in the shoulder were observed on muscle testing in 30% of cases, although there were no repercussions on sport or work activities. Analysis of spinal posture demonstrated a modification in the frontal plane in 40% of cases although this could not be clearly attributed to the donor site. On the basis of this study, we can conclude that the latissimus dorsi flap retains an important place in the therapeutic arsenal of plastic surgery due to its reliability and its minor cicatricial and functional sequelae at the donor site.

Back↗
PubMed1990

[The scapular osteocutaneous flap. Technic, indications in cervicofacial surgery].

The authors describe 10 cases of mandibular reconstruction following transmandibular buccopharyngectomy, using scapular osteocutaneous flaps. Repair of mandibular substance loss due to neoplastic surgery becomes a problem. Composite bone resections are associated with mucous and muscular defect formation. There is dual advantage in using this type of flap: on the one hand, reliability is great, independently of the case (revisions or other types of surgery) because of the presence of constant elements in the vascular pedicle; on the other hand, the cutaneous flap and the bone transplant are independent from each other, such plasticity affording equally successful symphyseal and lateral repair.

Bone Transplantation↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of 106 free flaps. Analysis of the failures and the indications].

Between April 1982 and April 1987, 106 free flaps were performed: 27 in the head and neck, 9 in the upper limbs and 60 in the lower limbs. 4 types of free flaps were essentially used: 42 latissimus dorsi flaps, 30 Chinese flaps, 18 temporalis flaps and 12 gracilis flaps. 14 free flaps were performed as a real emergency to cover defects of the upper limb in 4 cases and of the lower limb in 10 cases. The overall success rate was 87%, but this varied according to the recipient site, as the success rate was only 80% in the lower limb, and according to the type of flap, the latissimus dorsi flap ensured a success rate of 90%. Apart from one case of drepanocytosis, the failures observed could have been prevented. Rigorous intensive care as well as a strategy based on a precise preoperative assessment and appropriate selection of flaps should allow a considerable improvement in the results. Due to its reliability and its possibilities, we consider the latissimus dorsi flap to be the most useful flap. The Chinese flap retains a place in ENT surgery and in the case of emergency by-pass flaps. The gracilis and temporalis flaps may be proposed in certain cases because of their surface area and their minimal scars.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Emergency versus delayed repair of severe brachial plexus injuries.

Emergency or early surgery for brachial plexus injury is advisable because emergency nerve surgery is technically easier and because the overall results are better. In cases involving vascular injury, preoperative arteriography is indispensable. The blood supply must be reestablished and the brachial plexus completely explored and, if possible, repaired. In cases not involving vascular injury, violent trauma with fractures of the shoulder often produces lesions in the same brachial plexus. Regardless of associated vascular or bone injuries, brachial plexus lesions should be repaired within the first days after injury (provided that there are no contraindications related to age or general health). If combined vascular and nerve injuries are involved, immediate emergency surgery is mandatory. With early surgery, exploration is easier, shorter grafts are needed, and neurotization is possible in lesions in which the roots have been pulled out.

Angiography↗