Biomedical subjects

G Magalon

Publications and source records attributed to G Magalon.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed2004

[Complications of the resurfacing laser: retrospective study of 749 patients].

BACKGROUND: Resurfacing laser is one of the alternative treatment for cutaneous facial rejuvenation. Results are mainly good to excellent, but complications do occur with variable frequency. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to identify and report the complications they occurred during eight years laser resurfacing and to study their possible avoidance. The author experiences are discussed in conjunction with a review of published reports. METHODS: A retrospective analysis and chart review was performed in 749 patients who underwent cutaneous laser resurfacing with CO2 and Erbium laser by a single operator. Side effects and complications relating to infection, postoperative healing, pigmentary changes, and scarring were tabulated. RESULTS: The most common complication observed was postoperative erythema, which occurred in all patients. Hyperpigmentation was seen in 32% of patients and must be precociously treated. Dermatitis occurred in 10.6% of patients. Hypopigmentation and infections are rare (<1%). CONCLUSION: Although laser resurfacing is a safe and effective method of facial rejuvenation, the cosmetic surgeon must be aware of the various complications that may be encountered. Prompt recognition of complications and appropriate management provide the best opportunity for an acceptable aesthetic outcome.

Dermatologic Surgical Procedures↗

PubMed2004

[Facial rejuvenation: rationale use of lasers and thermal systems].

The methods additional or substitution for the surgery of facial skin ageing are dramatically rising before 40 years. These methods are addressed more to the wrinkles and others signs of aging skin. They can constitute a door of entry in the aesthetic treatments and needs a professional approach. These noninvasive methods (within the meaning of the incision) can present complications this the more so as the tendency is with the vulgarizing and with under considerations of the initial diagnosis and the treatment itself. The devices of thermal effects consist of lasers, pulsed flashlamps and radiofrequency. The objective of this development is to consider the bonds, which link the initial diagnosis and the proposal for a treatment by considering side effects and complications of each method.

Humans↗

PubMed2004

[Fingertip injuries in children: 81 cases with at least one year follow-up].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Fingertip crush injuries are frequent in young children. Rigorous care is required to avoid esthetic and functional sequelae, but treatment is often difficult. We report our experience focusing on simple therapeutic principles useful for everyday practice in the emergency room. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We reviewed retrospectively 91 fingertip injuries in 81 children followed for at least one year. Mean age of the children was 4.5 years. Crush injuries predominated (82%) and mainly involved the middle finger. We recorded the initial lesions, therapeutic interventions, and early complications. At last follow-up, we recorded sensitivity, aspect of the pulp and nail, and the subjective assessment of the parents. RESULTS: There were four infectious including three periungual and subungual felons and two necrotic complications. One child developed a bone infection that required surgery and antibiotics. At last follow-up, seven patients (8%) had sensorial disorders, six (7%) an inesthetic pulp and 23 (25%) dystrophic nails (minor=19, major=4). The parents felt the result was very good for 80% of the children,. Pulp sensitivity disorders were more frequent when the nail bed was injured. Nail dystrophy was more frequent after initial pulp amputation. DISCUSSION: The nail plays an important role in finger function, increasing tactile sensitivity and facilitating prehension. Fingertip injuries can be considered benign but require careful initial evaluation and rigorous management. If a sub-ungual hematoma covers more than half of an intact nail, puncture with a cold lancet appears to be indicated to avoid infection and reduce pain. Perforation with a heated instrument (paper clip) is easy to perform but the hematoma may reform rapidly. In the event of fracture, perforation should always be performed. Detached nails should be removed to examine the nail bed which must be sutured carefully if injured. Pulp lesions should also be sutured.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

Sural flap vascularization in arteritic patients: an anatomic study of 24 amputation specimens.

Obliterating arteriopathy of the lower limbs is a classic contraindication for neurocutaneous islands flaps, particularly the sural flap. But recent literature reports examples of its successful application in arteritic patients. The aim of this work was to study the vascular anatomy of the sural flap in patients suffering from arteriopathy and its possible clinical application. Twenty-four specimens of leg amputation were studied. The mean age of the amputated patients was 68.5 years. The clinical signs of arteriopathy had been present for 3-16 years. In 10 cases amputation was carried out directly, in 14 cases after failed revascularization. The results of the dissection showed the theoretical possibility of a sural flap in almost all the cases (23 of 24) despite certain anatomical peculiarities. In the upper part of the leg the arterial network of the sural communicating nerve dominates that of the sural nerve; this should allow the use of a sural flap centered on this vascular axis. In the lower part, the arterial network of the sural communicating nerve is sustained by the perforators of the peroneal artery, then by the branches of the calcaneal artery, and finally by the lateral tarsal artery, which should allow the use of a sural flap with a very distal pedicle. The authors propose a theory which suggests that the progressive evolution of arteriopathy and the concomitant development of a supply network involving the vascularization of the sensory nerves induces the "anticipation" of a sural flap.

Aged↗

PubMed2003

[Volume and facial rejuvenation].

The request of care for facial aging has changed. Patients wish more and more a "natural" rejuvenation. The analysis of the different ways of aging shows that it is important to restore the mid-face volumes in order to obtain the fullness of youth. Numerous techniques have been used to increase the central volumes. After an historical study of the different methods, the authors present the new concepts that give a large place to lipostructure as described by Coleman. This technique can be used alone or in association with other techniques (lifting, collagen or other products injections...). The results are motivating; the process is simple and quick. The post-surgical oedemas are often important, but complications are exceptional. All these criteria correspond to current demands linked to aesthetic surgery considering medico-legal pressure. The future is based on the improvement of good grafts defining more precisely the factors of resorption of adipose graft tissues.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed2003

[Auguste Lumière, pioneer of the modern cicatrization].

At the "Grand Café" in Paris, on december 28, 1895 Louis and Auguste Lumiere displayed the cinematograph, a technical innovation that revolutionized the nascent motion picture. It was the first public projection of a film. While Louis continues his work on pictures and invents autochrome plates for colour photography, Auguste focused his interests on biology and medicine. Since Ambroise Paré, few doctors have been interested in the healing process. Although Carrel and Lecomte Du Nouy published the first studies in the early twentieth century, Auguste Lumière was a pioneer in the modern research and treatment of wounds. He applied the principles of experimental medicine. In his research he used 44 dogs to study the healing speed and the scar quality in certain areas and under general conditions. In the winter of 1914-1915 he studied in Lyon several hundred wounds of war casualties. In 1922 he established and published in a marvellous book the principles of normal healing. In the department of Pr Leon Bérard he was shocked by the fetidness of the wards where the dried bandages were changed once a week. In 1915 he perfected a revolutionary sterilized "treatment-bandage" consisting of 2 mm stitched gauze saturated with Vaseline and Perou's balsam: the "Tulle Gras. In order to disinfect wounds, he used an iodized solution, sprayed in little droplets. The lives of Auguste and Louis Lumière were full of projects and inventions. When Auguste died in 1954 he had registered more than one hundred patents.

Cicatrix↗

PubMed2003

[Skin stem cells].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Cytological Techniques↗

PubMed2002

[Management of cleft lip and palate by the Doctor Magalon's team in Marseille].

The goal of the treatment of patients with cleft lip and/or cleft palate was: obtain a normal appearance, a normal speech and a normal growth without severe pertubations of the quality of life. Millard technique was used to repair the cleft lip in neonatal period. Between 6 and 18 months, the palate cleft was closed by wardill-kilner technique. A gingivoperiostoplasty with osseous graft was performed between 8 and 12 years. The orthodontic treatment began at 7 years. Pharyngoplasty was necessary in several cases. Sequellae and rhinoplasty was performed at the end of the growth. The authors explained their choices.

Child↗

PubMed2002

[Efficacy and tolerance of Algosteril (calcium alginate) versus Jelonet (paraffin gauze) in the treatment of scalp graft donor sites in children. Results of a randomized study].

Split skin graft is frequently needed in the treatment of burned patients. Scalp is often free of burns. Due to its good skin quality and important surface, scalp is a very interesting skin donor site, specially in case of children. A controlled, randomised clinical trial was carried out in 10 French Plastic Surgery or Burns Units. It assessed the efficacy and the acceptability of calcium alginate dressing (Algosteril) versus paraffin gauze dressing (Jelonet) in the treatment of scalp donor sites in children. 67 children (mean age 54 months) entered the study, 34 in the alginate group and 33 in the control group. Follow-up visits were on day 2/d3, d5/d6, Day complete healing, d30 and d60 after surgery. The two groups were comparable on inclusion (demographic characteristics, burn nature and surface, donor site surface and thickness of split skin graft). The mean healing time was 10 and 11 days for Algosteril and Jelonet group respectively (ns). The quality of the newly formed tissue was estimated to permit a sooner skin reharvesting in the Algosteril group than in the control group (p = 0.003). Bleeding through dressing was significantly less important in the Algosteril group (p = 0.02). Changes were considered by investigators less painful with Algosteril on day complete healing (p = 0.0096). Hair growth is homogenous in both groups on day 30 and day 60 (ns). These results showed that scalp is a very interesting skin donor site and that Algosteril is of a real interest in donor site treatment.

Alginates↗

PubMed2002

Efficacy and tolerance of calcium alginate versus vaseline gauze dressings in the treatment of diabetic foot lesions.

BACKGROUND: The study aimed at comparing the efficacy and tolerance of an alginate wound dressing with a vaseline gauze dressing in the treatment of diabetic foot lesions. METHODS: This open-label randomized multicenter controlled study was designed to assess the effect of an up to 6-week treatment with either calcium alginate or vaseline gauze dressings. Lesions were either acute or chronic, under cleansing, and with a surface area of 1-50 cm(2); osteomyelitis and severe hypovascularization were non-inclusion criteria. Dressings were changed every day then, once granulation had occurred, every 2 to 3 days. Primary outcome was the proportion of patients with granulation tissue over 75% of the wound area and having a 40% decrease in wound surface area; secondary outcomes were pain on dressing changes, the number of dressing changes, and adverse events. RESULTS: Seventy-seven patients were enrolled. Due to the premature cessation of treatment in 13 patients, it was decided to reduce the period of the efficacy analysis to 4 weeks (without revising the criteria of efficacy). The success rate was of 42.8% in the calcium alginate group and of 28.5% in the vaseline gauze group (not significant difference). A subsequent analysis of granulation tissue surfaces covering the wounds at week 4 (all surfaces taken together) showed a superiority of calcium alginate (p=0.04). Pain on dressing change was lower in the calcium alginate group (p=0.047) and the total number of dressing changes tended also to be lower (p=0.07). Adverse events, which occurred 4 times in the calcium alginate group and 6 times in the other, were judged independent of the treatments. CONCLUSIONS: As compared with vaseline gauze, calcium alginate appears to be more appropriate for topical treatment of diabetic foot lesions in terms of both healing and tolerance.

Age of Onset↗

PubMed2001

Tissue expansion of the lower limb: complications in a cohort of 103 cases.

Over 10 years we performed 103 skin-expansion procedures and placed 207 prostheses on lower limbs, using the same surgical protocol. In 83 cases (80.6%) the expansion was achieved without complications. We recorded 20 complications in all (19.4%). Major complications included sepsis, damage due to undermining, exposure of the prosthesis and necrosis of the flap in 16 cases (15.5%), resulting in complete failure of the method in five cases (4.9%). In all, nine patients had septic complications (8.7% of the patients and 45% of the complications), five had exposure of the prosthesis and two had skin necrosis after expansion. Infection and skin necrosis, which are the main causes of failure of this method, can be prevented by a strict surgical protocolcovering all stages of the procedure. Atraumatic undermining, remote and external valves, suction drains in the cavities, advancement flaps and plaster casts after surgery can help to prevent skin necrosis. A separate and remote approach for each prosthesis can prevent infection of all the prostheses and complete failure of the expansion procedure.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

Emergency treatment of accidental infusion leakage in the newborn: report of 14 cases.

Infusion leakage in the paediatric population of the intensive-care unit is known to cause skin necrosis and significant scarring around tendons, nerves and joints, extending the length of hospital stay. We report a series of 14 newborn children affected by accidental infusion leakage, and their early treatment with Gault's procedure: saline flush-out and liposuction. The results were good: there was no skin impairment in 11 cases and three cases of skin necrosis healed spontaneously. Early treatment of toxic infusion leakage in neonates is recommended to avoid skin necrosis at the site of extravasation. The two procedures proposed by Gault are simple and effective in such cases. They should be employed as early as possible in order to dilute and remove the toxin from the subcutaneous tissue.

Cardiotonic Agents↗

PubMed2001

Aplasia cutis congenita. Report on 5 family cases involving the scalp.

Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) is a rare malformation involving the scalp and sometimes the underlying tissues. It may occur as an isolated defect or be combined with congenital malformations and there is often a family background. The mortality rate is high, with infectious and vascular complications. We report our experience based on the treatment of 5 ACC of the scalp in children, where a family pathology was found.Controlled healing is the best approach for us, even for the serious forms. After the acute period, treatment is based on skin expansion and must be followed by genetic screening of the family.

Ectodermal Dysplasia↗

PubMed2001

Management of wounds of exposed or infected knee prostheses.

Skin damage after total knee arthroplasty may jeopardise the functional benefit of the prosthesis. In such cases standard treatment is aimed at avoiding arthrodesis, sometimes replacing the implant and, in exceptional cases, amputation. In most cases early and adequate coverage of the soft tissue defect may make it possible to salvage the prosthesis. Ten patients with skin damage after total knee arthroplasty were treated by debridement of the wound, which was then covered with a pedicled gastrocnemius muscle flap. This was supported by local irrigation and systemic antibiotics. Seven patients were reviewed after a mean follow-up of 28 months (range 14-59). Six patients kept their prostheses and one had a relapse caused by infection at 22 months, which required removal of the prosthesis and secondary arthrodesis. The gastrocnemius muscle flap provides good quality coverage, permits early mobilisation and fast rehabilitation, and reduces the rate of arthrodesis after failure of total knee arthroplasty.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

[Arguments in favor of adipocyte grafts with the S.R. Coleman technique].

The main criticism against fat reinjection procedures is related to whether it is possible to graft adipocytes or not. The ideal solution would be to perform biopsies a few months after the operation to check the evolution of the grafted tissue, but such an approach would be difficult to accept for our patients. To overcome this difficulty the authors have compiled all the arguments that plead in favor of adipocyte grafts when Coleman's technique is used. Peer demonstrated in animal studies that it is possible to graft fatty tissue and that more resorption occurs when the fragments are large in size. The histologic studies have shown that the different stages of Coleman's technique do not alter the viability of the adipocytes. A disorganization of the architecture of the lobules is observed, but this does not compromise the theory of adipocyte grafting. An MRI study, performed on ten patients, demonstrated that the reinjected fat cells persist several months after the procedure. These fat cells presented the same characteristics as the patient's native fat in the surrounding area. This impression was confirmed by histological analysis of the reinjected fatty tissue 18 months after the graft. Finally, the clinical results obtained on over 200 patients treated for various indications in plastic and cosmetic surgery lead us to believe that it is possible to perform grafts of fatty tissue.

Adipocytes↗

PubMed2001

[A classical form of actinomycoses involving the mouth, face bones, orbit and base of the cranium in an African patient].

Osteitis due to actinomycosis is now an uncommon clinical entity in industrialized countries. This report describes a classic case of imported actinomycosis involving the buccal cavity, facial bones, orbit and skull base. For two years after the onset, various diagnoses followed by different medical as well as surgical treatments were unsuccessfully attempted first in Senegal then in Italy. Proper diagnosis was finally established in Marseille, France, on the basis of histological findings after extensive surgical biopsy. The patient was treated with high-dose intravenous penicillin G for four weeks followed by daily oral administration of amoxicillin for one year. Surgical reconstruction could not be carried out before the patient's return to Senegal. The pitfalls of diagnosis and treatment of actinomycosis are discussed.

Actinomycosis, Cervicofacial↗

PubMed2000

[Results of nerve sutures in the wrist in children].

INTRODUCTION: Wounds involving the peripheral nerves cause serious damage in the upper limb. The prognosis for recovery remains uncertain despite microsurgery. It is commonly accepted that the results are far better in children than in adults. We sought to confirm this idea on the basis of objective recovery criteria, discriminating between peripheral axonal regeneration and the child's own capacity to adapt. In other words, do nerves regenerate better in children? MATERIALS AND METHODS: The clinical results of 25 nerve sutures of the wrist, in children under 15, were analysed with a minimum follow-up of 12 months. The subjects were reviewed clinically and had an electromyogram. The resulting data was compared to that for adults found in the literature. RESULTS: Clinically, the overall function of the hand was always satisfactory. The sensory results were often excellent (S4 or S3+ in 23 cases/25). The mean value muscular testing was between M2 and M3. With respect to the EMG results, the values we recorded were rarely representative of the functional results. The motor recordings were mostly poor, demonstrating that the nerve supply was compensated by a phenomenon involving collateral innervation. DISCUSSION: The poor results of peripheral nerve surgery are only due to the quality of the restored innervation. Dellon and Mackinnon demonstrated that they were also due to the incapacity of the nerve centres to integrate a change in the profile of sensory information. It would therefore seem that not only the quantity of nerve tissue repair is insufficient, but also the quality. Children have a superior cerebral capacity to adapt than adults and probably benefit from better cortical acquisition processes and are thus capable of putting the changes in the nerve messages to better use. The analysis of the clinical and EMG results also reveals a trend demonstrated partial nerve repair in children. We think that the functional results suggest that children have a better central capacity to adapt.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

Giant-cell fibroblastoma and dermato fibro sarcoma protuberans: the same tumoral spectrum? Report of two cases of association in children.

We describe two cases of giant-cell fibroblastoma (GCF) with dermato fibro sarcoma protuberans (DFSP) component, occurring in two children in a chest wall localization. One case recurred 1 year later. The two patients were tumor-free 12 and 8 years later. GCF is a rare mesenchymal cutaneous and subcutaneous tumor reported mostly in the first two decades of life. Dermato fibro sarcoma protuberans, occurring preferentially in adults, is a rare skin tumor with a pronounced tendency to local recurrence. Some cases of association of recurrence of GFC under the form of DFSP have been reported, raising the question of a continuum between the two tumors. The treatment of choice of the two tumors is a wide local excision.

Cell Transformation, Neoplastic↗