Biomedical subjects

G M Zhang

Publications and source records attributed to G M Zhang.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1994

[Microsurgical treatment of bone and joint defects of hand].

From 1972 to 1990 seven kinds of microsurgical operations were used for treatment of bone and joint defects of hand. Among these cases 23 survived and 1 failed. The patients were followed up for 2-20 years. The functional results were good in 77.4%. The improved surgical procedures: (1) Use dorsalis pedis artery as the single pedicle to provide double vascular supply for double joint graft from one toe. (2) Change the fixing position of metatarsal to increase the degree of motion of the joint. The operative indications and the factors related to the survival and function are discussed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

Entrapment of posterior interosseous nerve of forearm. Report of 25 cases.

Of the 25 cases of entrapment, or compression syndrome of the posterior interosseous nerve of the forearm reported, 23 were treated surgically. The compressing or entrapping factors found during the operations consisted of 14 sites in tendinous tissues, 12 in vessels, 6 in scar adhesions, and 3 unclear. Of 11 cases each had 2 or more compression sites. 19 patients underwent local decompression. And 4 cases had membranous and degenerated nerves resection and end-to-end anastomoses. Hypertrophy and inflammation appeared to be the main pathological changes in 10 cases. The causes and pathology are discussed and the early diagnosis and treatment emphasized.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

Clinical and experimental studies of cigarette smoking in microvascular tissue transfers.

Circulatory crisis, attributed to cigarette smoking, in three microvascular cases (two toe transfers, one musculocutaneous flap) is reported. After anticoagulation and antispasm treatment only one transfer survived. Coordinated experimental studies in the rat demonstrated that cigarette smoking delayed anastomotic healing. Five days after anastomoses were performed, endothelial cells completely covered the sutures in the experimental smoking group in only 16-19% of sutures, while the control group had a 75% coverage rate. Mechanisms and characteristics of circulatory crisis caused by cigarette smoking are discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Toe-to-hand transfer: an analysis of 14 failed cases.

Fourteen failed cases of 325 patients who had undergone the operation of toe-to-hand transfer to reconstruct the thumb and/or the finger are reported. Five key factors were related to the survival of the transferred toe: two sets of arterial blood supply in the case of an arterial anomaly, the resection of diseased vascular segments, the observation of capillary blood refill for the judgment of circulatory crisis, and the prevention and treatment of a hypercoagulable state.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Free toe transfer for thumb and finger reconstruction in 300 cases.

From 1966 to 1989, we performed free toe transfer for thumb and finger reconstruction in 300 patients, with 286 survivals and 14 failures, a total survival rate of 95.55 percent. Follow-up for 2 to 23 years showed that movement and sensation of the reconstructed thumbs and fingers were satisfactory in all of the 286 cases. The optimal indications for the operation were defect of the thumb at the plane of the metacarpophalangeal joint and defects of the second to fifth fingers. Besides atraumatic isolation of the second toe and sophisticated microsurgical suturing technique, special attention was paid to intraoperative vascular variations, to providing the double arterial blood supply system if necessary, and to the identification and management of postoperative circulatory crisis.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Effect of "re du qing" on the activation, proliferation and membrane fluidity of lymphocytes.

Effects of Chinese Medicinal Preparation "Re Du Qing" (RDQ) on the activation, proliferation and membrane fluidity of T lymphocytes from human peripheral blood were studied by means of 3H-TdR incorporation and DPH fluorescence polarization. The results showed that "RDQ" can: 1) significantly inhibit the activation of T lymphocytes; 2) restrain the proliferation of activated T lymphoblasts in the presence of exogenous interleukin-2 (IL-2); and 3) increase the membrane fluidity of T lymphocytes and antagonize the decreased fluidity of lymphocyte membrane mediated by Con A or PHA. The functional abnormalities of T lymphocytes in some autoimmune diseases such as arthritis and the usefulness of RDQ in the treatment of these diseases were also discussed.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Seventh cervical nerve root transfer from the contralateral healthy side for treatment of brachial plexus root avulsion.

Cervical root nerve transfer from the contralateral side has been used for the treatment of brachial plexus root avulsion in 49 patients. Resection of C7 root from the healthy side has produced no long-term symptoms or signs. Nine patients with ten recipient nerves have been followed up for more than two years and seven have obtained a functional recovery. This operation offers a new approach for the treatment of brachial plexus root avulsion.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Cervical nerve root transfer from contralateral normal side for treatment of brachial plexus root avulsions.

The authors had designed cervical root nerve transfer from the contralateral normal side for the treatment of brachial plexus root avulsions in August 1986. Since then, the operation was performed in 50 cases. Follow-up studies showed that resection of C-7 root from the healthy side produced no long-term ill effect except numbness and pain of the fingers and weakness of gripping strength shortly after the procedure. In 10 recipient nerves of 9 cases with follow-ups of more than 2 years, satisfactory results were seen in 7. This is a new approach for the treatment of persistent cases of brachial plexus avulsion.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

Effect of immunosuppressive factor produced by human lung cancer cell line A549 on the production and action of interleukin 1.

A549, a human lung cancer cell line, spontaneously produces a tumor-derived immunosuppressive factor (TDSF) which inhibits the production and action of interleukin 1 (IL-1). After exposure of macrophages to TDSF for 5 h, the production of IL-1 by macrophages was significantly inhibited. The inhibition was much stronger if TDSF existed continuously in macrophage culture. The response of thymocytes treated with nylon wool to exogenous IL-1 was significantly suppressed in the presence of TDSF, suggesting that TDSF can inhibit the action of IL-1. The thymocytes untreated with nylon wool could proliferate after being stimulated with Con A. The proliferation was significantly suppressed by TDSF in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that the inhibitory action of TDSF on T cell activation is associated with IL-1, and that TDSF might exert an inhibitory action on other reactions mediated by IL-1. Furthermore, TDSF can reduce the supplementation of new T cells by inhibiting the proliferation of thymocytes.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Phrenic nerve transfer for treatment of root avulsion of the brachial plexus.

Phrenic nerve transfer was performed in 164 patients with root avulsion of the brachial plexus. The methods of operation consisted of phrenic nerve transfer to and anastomosis with the musculocutaneous nerve, the phrenic nerve bridging to the musculocutaneous nerve, phrenic nerve anastomosis with or bridging to the median nerve, and phrenic nerve anastomosis with other nerves. Follow-up of 65 patients for more than 2 years showed an effective rate of 84.6%. The result indicated that this operation has no deleterious effects on respiration, and the surgical effects are related to severity of injury, duration, mode of operation and patient's age.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

Root avulsion of brachial plexus in infants and children.

Twenty-one patients, under 6 years of age, with root avulsion of the brachial plexus were treated from 1975 to 1987. Among them, 9 had root avulsion of the upper trunk, 2 root avulsion of the lower trunk with middle trunk broken, and 10 root avulsion of the whole brachial plexus. Follow-up of 16 patients showed excellent results in 2 patients, good in 11, fair in 1 and poor in 2. It is suggested that good results can be obtained if multi-paired nerve transfer is adopted in treatment. We conclude that owing to anatomical and physiological characteristics of the respiratory system in children, it is harmful to perform phrenic nerve transfer concomitantly with intercostal nerve transfer. Advisably, two-stage operation is required, otherwise dyspnea and pneumonia are liable to occur. In addition, the time of the operation could be extended to 4-5 years after injury in children, but best results are obtained if the operation is performed within 1 year.

Accidents, Traffic↗

PubMed1989

Phrenic nerve transfer for brachial plexus motor neurotization.

We report a series of 164 patients who underwent phrenic neurotization to elements of the brachial plexus with root avulsion injuries. Recipient nerves included musculocutaneous nerve in 125 patients (78 direct neurotizations and 48 with intervening autograft), median nerve in 10 patients, and a variety of other nerves in 28 patients. Sixty-five patients presented a follow-up period of 2 or more years. Of this group, 55 patients (84.6%) achieved a recovery of M-3 or better. We observed no long-term deleterious effects on respiratory function.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

Arterialized free flap. Report of four cases.

In 1985, we applied an arterialized vein stem free flap in 4 cases with success in 3. In making this flap the superficial vein with the covered skin of the limb was used. In operation the flap was inverted and the 2 ends of the vein stem were anastomosed with the artery of the recipient area. Rapid arterial blood flow not only provided blood supply to the flap, but through the "venous network shunt" and "tidal pressure difference of artery" maintained blood circulation of the flap. The details of technique and the changes of blood circulation after flap transfer are described, as are indications advantages and mechanism of blood circulation of the flap, and factors affecting the circulation.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

Microsurgical treatment of brachial plexus irreversible avulsion.

A new combined measure of nerve transfer, including antebrachial medial cutaneous nerve, and free musculocutaneous flap transfer was applied to the treatment of irreversible avulsion of the brachial plexus. 12 patients underwent this operation for restoring elbow and finger flexion. Good result was obtained in 71% for elbow and 60% for finger flexion restoration. The definition of irreversible avulsion and the methods, key points and value of the operation are described and discussed in detail.

Brachial Plexus↗

PubMed1988