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Biomedical subjects

G Lopez

Publications and source records attributed to G Lopez.

85 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Pharmacotherapy of post-traumatic stress disorder with a novel psychotropic.

This was a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel trial conducted in outpatients in three countries. Following screening and placebo washout, patients received brofaromine (a combined MAO-A inhibitor/5-HT transport inhibitor) or placebo in a flexible dosing design. Based upon the CAPS, a standardized post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) interview, findings from a cohort involving both subchronic and chronic traumatic stress marginally favored brofaromine over placebo; however, not to a statistically significant degree. With a more conservation definition of the syndrome, employing a primary cohort of patients with PTSD of one year or greater duration, brofaromine significantly reduced PTSD symptoms in comparison with placebo. In all analyses a substantial proportion of patients in both drug and placebo groups remained symptomatic throughout. Findings were supported by an analysis of secondary measures. Brofaromine may be of benefit in the therapy of PTSD.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An improved enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for detection of anti-ranavirus antibodies in the serum of the giant toad (Bufo marinus).

An improved ranavirus antibody ELISA (R Ab ELISA) for the specific detection of anti-ranavirus antibodies in toad sera was developed. Sheep anti-epizootic haematopoietic necrosis virus (EHNV) was used as the antigen-capture antibody. EHNV was used as the antigen and sera from field and challenged toads were used to detect the virus. Rabbit anti-toad IgG and IgM were used to detect bound toad antibody. Pre-absorption of toad sera with a monoclonal antibody, raised against the 50 kDa EHNV protein, improved the specificity of the technique. A blocking ELISA, immunofluorescence and immuno-electron microscopy were used to confirm the validity of the ELISA. The assay has potential use in screening sera from Bufo marinus for the presence of antibodies against ranaviruses and to facilitate understanding of the humoral immunological response in toads during virus infection.

Absorption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pharmacology of MEN 11467: a potent new selective and orally- effective peptidomimetic tachykinin NK(1) receptor antagonist.

We have investigated the pharmacological properties of MEN 11467, a novel partially retro-inverse peptidomimetic antagonist of tachykinin NK(1) receptors. MEN 11467 potently inhibits the binding of [(3)H] substance P (SP) to tachykinin NK(1) receptors in the IM9 limphoblastoid cell line (pK(i) = 9.4 +/- 0.1). MEN 11467 is highly specific for the human tachykinin NK(1) receptors, since it has negligible effects (pK(i) <6) on the binding of specific ligands to tachykinin NK(2) or NK(3) receptors and to a panel of 30 receptors ion channels unrelated to tachykinin receptors. The antagonism exerted by MEN 11467 at tachykinin NK(1) receptors is insurmountable in saturation binding experiments, both K(D) and B(max) of SP were significantly reduced by MEN 11467 (0.3-10 nM). In the guinea-pig isolated ileum, MEN 11467 (0.03-1 nM) produced a nonparallel rightward shift of the concentration-response curve to SP methylester with a concomitant reduction of the Emax to the agonist (pK(B) = 10.7 +/- 0.1). Moreover the antagonist activity of MEN 11467 was hardly reversible despite prolonged washout. In vivo, MEN 11467 produced a long lasting (> 2-3h) dose-dependent antagonism of bronchoconstriction induced by the selective tachykinin NK(1) receptor agonist, [Sar(9), Met(O(2))(11)]SP in anaesthetized guinea-pigs (ID(50)s' = 29+/-5, 31+/-12 and 670+/-270 microg/kg, after intravenous, intranasal and intraduodenal administration, respectively), without affecting bronchoconstriction induced by methacholine. After oral administration MEN 11467 produced a dose-dependent inhibition of plasma protein extravasation induced in guinea-pig bronchi by [Sar(9), Met(O(2))(11)] (ID(50) = 6.7 +/- 2 mg/kg) or by antigen challenge in sensitized animals (ID(50) = 1.3 mg/kg). After i.v. administration MEN 11467 weakly inhibited the GR 73632-induced foot tapping behaviour in gerbil (ED(50) = 2.96 +/- 2 mg/kg), indicating a poor ability to block central tachykinin NK(1) receptors. These results demonstrate that MEN 11467 is a potent, highly selective and orally effective insurmountable pseudopeptide antagonist of peripheral tachykinin NK(1) receptors with a long duration of action.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Partial left ventriculectomy (Batista procedure) in the treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy: Makati Medical Center Philippine experience.

In the Philippines patients with end-stage heart disease refractory to conventional medical and surgical treatment do not have alternative choices. More than 99% of the population cannot afford cardiac transplantation. Partial left ventriculectomy (PLV) is a surgical procedure that improves cardiac function and refractory congestive heart failure (CHF). Between October 1997 and February 1998 eight patients had PLV at the Makati Medical Center, Philippines. All patients had end-stage dilated cardiomyopathy. Six patients had an idiopathic etiology, one was ischemic and one valvular. Seven of eight operations were done with the heart beating and all had transesophageal echo monitoring. An average of a 2-cm reduction in the left ventricle diameter was achieved and ejection fraction improved in all cases. There were no operative deaths. There were three late deaths. Two patients died of refractory CHF and ventricular arrhythmias and one patient died of massive cerebral hemorrhage with coumadin therapy. The five survivors are all doing well with no CHF. Follow-up two-dimensional echo shows stable left ventricular (LV) size and improved ejection fraction. Our initial experience shows that PLV, at least in the short-term, has beneficial effects in the treatment of end-stage dilated cardiomyopathy and might become an alternative to cardiac transplantation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Genetic variability and differentiation between populations of Rhodnius prolixus and R. pallescens, vectors of Chagas' disease in Colombia.

Enzyme polymorphism in Rhodnius prolixus and R. pallescens (Hemiptera, Reduviidae), principal vectors of Chagas' disease in Colombia, was analyzed using starch gel electrophoresis. Three geographic locations were sampled in order to determine gene flow between populations and to characterize intra- and interspecific differences. Of 25 enzymes assayed 10 were successfully resolved and then used to score the genetic variation. The enzymes PEPD, GPI, PGM and ICD were useful to differentiate these species and PGD, PGM and MDH distinguished between sylvatic and domiciliary populations of R. prolixus. Both polymorphism and heterozygosity indicated greater genetic variability in sylvatic habitats (H = 0.021) compared to domiciliary habitats (H = 0.006) in both species. Gene flow between sylvatic and domiciliary populations in R. prolixus was found to be minimal. This fact and the genetic distance between them suggest a process of genetic isolation in the domiciliary population.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pseudomyxoma peritonei: a clinicopathologic analysis and follow-up of 21 patients.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Pseudomyxoma peritonei is an uncommon disease characterized by the presence of mucinous peritoneal implants associated with an abdominal neoplasm. Our objective is to consider the characteristics of this entity in our western Mediterranean urban population. METHODOLOGY: All cases diagnosed with pseudomyxoma peritonei by our hospital during a period of 16 years were reviewed. Data from their clinical records and the biopsy samples were analyzed. RESULTS: We found 21 cases of pseudomyxoma peritonei with a male/female ratio of 10/11 and a mean age of 59 years. The predominant presentation symptom was abdominal pain (17 cases, 6 of them with acute abdomen). The most frequent primary site of origin of the pseudomyxoma was the appendix (10 cases). The histologic diagnosis was malignant (associated with carcinoma) in 17 cases and indeterminate behavior in 4. The follow-up was available for 15 patients (mean follow-up of 41 months), while six patients have been lost. Nine patients have died during the follow-up and the other 6 patients are still alive after follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Laparotomy is the main tool for diagnosing pseudomyxoma peritonei. The appendix is the most frequent primary site of origin of pseudomyxoma peritonei, followed by bowel; the latter being more important than previously described. In most cases the histology is malignant. The prognosis is bad with a mortality greater than 60% at 5 years.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Early gastric cancer in the remnant stomach. Case report].

Patients with partial gastrectomy are a High risk group to develop gastric cancer. Risk is higher in remnant estomach after partial gastrectomy by malignancy than benign disease. We present a case of a male patient, 64 years old, who was admitted in our Hospital with Hypovolaemia. We found during Endoscopic examination early gastric Cancer IIc + III type in the site of anastomosis. Partial gastrectomy was performed in this patient by Duodenal ulcer 11 years ago.

Adenocarcinoma↗