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Biomedical subjects

G Liu

Publications and source records attributed to G Liu.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Identification of beta-FBG-455G/A polymorphisms in 210 samples of Guangdong population and the relationship with plasma fibrinogen level].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the frequency of beta-fibrinogen (beta-FBG) gene G/A-455 polymorphisms in Guangdong Chinese population and the relationship between genotype and plasma fibrinogen levels. METHODS: DNA of 210 samples were analyzed by using PCR-RFLP. Turbidimetric method for the levels of plasma fibrinogen was performed in 92 samples. RESULTS: The frequency of beta-FBG G/A-455 genotype A/A was 0.038; G/G was 0.514 and G/A was 0.448. The frequency of the A-allele was 0.262. The average plasma fibrinogen level in 46 samples of genotype G/A was (2.18 +/- 0.24) g/L and in 42 samples of G/G genotype was (2.03 +/- 0.25) g/L. There was significant difference between genotype and plasma fibrinogen (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The frequency of beta-FBG G/A-455 A-allele in Guangdong Chinese population is higher than that in European. The plasma fibrinogen level in G/A genotype is higher than that in G/G genotype. It suggested that the beta-FBG gene expression might be associated with the genotype.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Detection and significance of interleukin-16 in sputa from patients with bronchial asthma].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the significance of in the terleukin-16 (IL-16) in pathogenesis of bronchial asthma. METHODS: Induced sputum samples were obtained from 12 allergic asthmatics, 8 non-allergic asthmatics, 10 non-asthma allergic and 10 non-asthma non-allergic normal subjects. ELISA was used to determine the concentrations of IL-16 in sputum, and CD4+ T cells and activated eosinophils (EG2 cells) in sputum were detected by immunostaining. RESULTS: IL-16 levels in both allergic and non-allergic asthmatics were much higher than those in non-asthma allergic or non-asthma non-allergic normal subjects. Effective anti-asthma treatment led to a significant decrease in IL-16 levels in patients with acute asthma. It was also found that the percentages of CD4+ and EG2 cells were all positively correlated to IL-16 levels. CONCLUSIONS: IL-16 is involved in the asthmatic process by recruiting CD4+ T cells and thus plays an important role in CD4+ cell-dependent eosinophilic inflammation in asthmatic airways.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Symptomatic treatment versus combination chemotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects on survival of combination chemotherapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: Seventy patients with advanced NSCLC were pairingly divided into two equal groups: 35 patients who refused chemotherapy received symptomatic treatment; the other 35 patients received combined chemotherapy with mitomycin(8-10 mg/m2, dl), vindesine (3 mg/m2, dl, 8) cisplatin (20 mg/m2, dl-5), repeated every four weeks for 2-4 cycles and followed by oral administration of Ftorafur (FT-207) 200-300 mg tid, until recurrence or progression of disease. RESULTS: The overall median survival time in the chemotherapy group was 9 months, and 4.5 months in the symptomatically treated group. The one-year survival rate was 34.3% and 8.0% respectively. The major toxic effects of chemotherapy were gastrointestinal tract reactions and myelosuppression. CONCLUSION: Combination chemotherapy can prolong survival time in patients with advanced NSCLC.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Changes of transmembrane ion transport in essential hypertensives with familial histories].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of heredity on transmembrane ion transport in essential hypertension (EH). METHODS: 52 essential hypertensives were divided into two groups, 23 with positive family history (FH(+)) and 29 with negative family history (FH(-)). The rate constant of ouabain-sensitive sodium efflux ((o)K(os)) was measured as the half of the increase in erythrocyte Na(+) concentration during incubation with ouabain for 2 hours, (o)K(os) was calculated by an equation and the maximal rate (Vmax) of red cells Na(+)/H(+) exchange was determined as the Na(+) influx promoted by an outward H(+) gradient. Intracellular Na(+) concentration was measured with flame photometry and (45)Ca(2+) influx in ATP-depleted red cells with liquid scintillation counting. RESULTS: The red cell Na(+)/H(+) exchange and (45)Ca(2+) in-flux were significantly higher but the (o)K(os) lower in both the FH(+) and FH(-) groups than in the controls. FH(+) group demonstrated a significantly higher (o)K(os) and lower Ca(2+) influx as compared with those in FH(-) group. In FH(+) group, systolic blood pressure was positively correlated with age, while diastolic blood pressure positively correlated with (45)Ca(2+) influx. CONCLUSION: Our data show a genetic contribution to abnormal membrane transport in hypertension. There is a defect in membrane permeability to Ca(2+) and a greater exchangeable pool of cytosolic free Ca(2+) in FH(+) group that participate in the pathogenesis of inherited hypertension.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

[Selective arterial embolization for the treatment of thoracolumbar spinal tumor].

OBJECTIVE: To decrease intraoperative blood loss during tumor resection. METHODS: Fifteen patients with primary thoraco-lumbar spinal tumor [giant cell tumor (5 patients), malignant nerinoma (2), chordoma (1), fibrous xanthosarcoma (1), malignant fibrohistocytoma (1), osteosarcoma (1), Ewing sarcoma (1), myeloma (1), leimyosarcoma (1), Non-Hodgkin diseases (1)] were treated by means of preoperative selective arterial embolization, tumor resection, and spinal reconstruction. Eight patients were subjected to total spondylectomy in one stage. RESULTS: Fourteen patients showed satisfactory results after embolization. The volume of intraoperative blood loss ranged from 3,000 ml to 400 ml (average 1,200 ml). Follow up of the patients varied from 8 months to 19 years (average 48.7 months). Local recurrence happened in 3 patients; 3 patients died from metastasis. Three of 4 patients recovered from complete bowel movement and urination. Seven of nine patients had musical strength improved. Six of 8 patients had recovery of the e sensation of the lower limbs. CONCLUSIONS: Selective arterial embolization before operation followed by operation within 24 hours can reduce intraoperative blood loss, shorten operative time, and provide a clear operative field for tumor resection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Studies on appropriate methods for dust scrubbing from dust-laden gas in shaft kilns of small-sized cement plants].

OBJECTIVE: To study an appropriate method for dust scrubbing from dust-laden gas in the shaft kilns of small-sized cement plants. METHODS: Characteristics of dust-laden gas, including its temperature, dew point, dust concentration, diameters of dust particles and their distribution, as well as fractional dust collection efficiencies of the dust precipitator settling chamber, cyclone, impinging scrubber, impinging-spray scrubber, were measured according to the National Standards for Measurement of Particulate in Exhaust Gas Emitted from the Stationary Pollution Sources and Sampling Methods of Gaseous Pollutants (GB/T16157 - 1996), with a WY-1 In-stack 7-Stage Cascade Impactor for fractional dust collection. RESULTS: The fractional dust collection efficiency of the settling chamber for the particles greater than 12 microm was 72%, while that of the cyclone for the particles of 2 microm, 5 microm and 10 microm were 40.0%, 72.5% and 88.9%, respectively, and that of impinging scrubber was 55.0%, 91.0% and 98.9%, respectively; and that of impinging-spray scrubber were 96.0%, 99.2% and 99.6%, respectively. Results showed that 81% of the dust (by weight) from the shaft kilns were greater than 10 microm, so the settling chamber was effective for the removal of this fraction of dust. But dust particles behind the settling chamber were finer, and about 59% - 69% of them were less than 2 microm in diameters. In that case, the cyclone, impinging scrubber and impinging-spray scrubber could give an overall collection efficiency of 54%, 57% and 96%, respectively. Based on this, the following combination of dust collectors were adopted to meet the national standards for exhaust emission: a settling chamber plus an electrostatic precipitator, a settling chamber plus an impinging-spray scrubber and a settling chamber plus an impinging scrubber. The cement plants could select appropriate dust collectors according to their technical and economical conditions. CONCLUSION: Based on the results of the studies, appropriate dust collectors used to treat dust-laden gas from shaft kilns to meet the national standards for exhaust emission were recommended.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1999

[PCR for the detection of 16S rRNA gene bacteria].

According to the high conservative region of 16S rRNA gene in bacteria, PCR primers of the broad-range bacteria, gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria were synthesized to detect 13 bacterium species and (40) clinical specimens. All the tested bacterium species were positive. The lowest concentration of Escherichia Coli detected by serial dilution was 4 CFU.ml-1. The positive rate of PCR (27/40) was higher than that of bacterium culture(18/40). The results indicate that these PCR primers possess high specificity and sensitivity in identifying 16S rRNA gene of bacteria.

Bacteriuria↗
PubMed1999

[Experimental studies on hyperthermic distilled water combining with saline and dextran for preventing intraperitoneal cancer recurrence due to neoplasm seeding].

In order to know the efficacy of hyperthermic distilled water combining with saline and dextran (DSD) to prevent intraperitoneal cancer from recurrence due to neoplasm seeding, we carried out the experimental studies, including an observation on inhibiting cancer cells from implantation in vivo by abdominal cavity lavation, cytotoxic test and attachment test in vitro. The results of the tests in vitro showed no viable tumor cell exposed to 45 degrees C distilled water for 20 minutes in the tissue culture wells, meanwhile, dextran-40 partially blocked attachment of B16-F10 cells to gelatinized wells. In vivo test, DSD effectively prevented neoplasm seeding of B16-F10 viable melanoma cells in C57BL/6j mouse abdominal cavity and had no obvious toxicity. The efficiency was 70%; when cisplatin was added, the efficiency was enhanced to 88.9% with slight toxicity. These data indicate that the local application of hyperthermic distilled water combined with saline and DSD may prevent intraperitoneal neoplasm from recurring.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[The effect of cold- and heat-natured medicines on 5-HT and NE cells and nerve fibres in rat's brain, pituitary and adrenal].

OBJECTIVE: To study how cold- and heat-natured medicines act on 5-HT and NE cells in the brain, pituitary and adrenal of rats. METHOD: Based on immunohistochemical method, the specific anti-TH and anti-5-HT sera were used to observe the changes of 5-HT and NE cells in brain and adrenal as well as fibres in pituitary. The contents of these two transmitters in brain were also determined by fluoriphotometry. RESULTS: Cold-natured medicines made the staining of 5-HT cells deeper and NE cells lighter, while heat-natured medicines act by contraries. CONCLUSION: Cold-natured medicines increase the content of 5-HT in brain and decrease the content of NE, while heat-natured medicines work the other way around. The morphologic changes are consistent with the functional ones.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1999

[Preliminary study on apoptosis and expression of apoptosis-related genes in peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus].

This study was conducted to explore the clinical implication of the relationship between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) apoptosis and apoptosis-related gene expression. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated nick end labelling technique and flow cytometry were used to detect the apoptotic cell; immunohistochemistry ABC was used to detect the expressions of bcl-2 and Fas in 29 cases of SLE. The results showed that the rate of apoptosis of PBL in SLE patients was significantly higher than that in normal control (P < 0.001), and that in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (P < 0.001). After 48 hour's culture, the apoptotic rate further increased in SLE patients (33.44%). There was a significant correlation between the SLE activity and the rate of apoptosis in vitro (r = 0.86, P < 0.001). The rate of apoptosis of PBL in SLE-nephritis patients was higher than that in non-SLE-nephritis patients (P < 0.01). Before and after the culture, the expressions of bcl-2 and Fas in PBL of patients with SLE were higher than those in normal control (P < 0.01, P < 0.001). So the authors suggest that increased rate of apoptosis may be used as an index for evaluating the severity of SLE cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[The maternal-fetal harm study of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy].

The aim of this study was to assess the harm of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) to the mother and fetus. The symptoms, liver function and outcome of 471 cases of ICP in our hospital during 1989-1996 were studied retrospectively. The mean pregnant weeks when pruritus first came on was 32.4 +/- 4.7 (12-40) weeks, the incidence of preterm delivery 16.6% (78 cases); the perinatal mortality 12.7@1000 (6 cases). The incidence of the cases associated with amnion fluid II degree-III degree (n = 108) was 24.2%. The relationship between the mode of delivery (natural labor = 1, forceps delivery = 2, cesarean section = 3) and newborn Apgar scores was positive (r = 0.1188, P < 0.05). The amniotic fluid status in the group of 30-33(+6) pregnant weeks was significantly worse than that in the group of term pregnancy (0.89 +/- 1.11 vs 0.55 +/- 0.96, P < 0.05). The amniotic fluid status in the group with serum total bilirubin > 34 mumol/L was worse than that in the 17.1-34 mumol/L group (0.96 +/- 1.1 vs 0.65 +/- 1.04, P < 0.05), and that in the group with serum total bile acid concentration > 40 mumol/L was worse than that in the serum total bile acid normal group (< or = 20 mumol/L) (0.89 +/- 1.1 vs 0.33 +/- 0.8, P < 0.05). Our results suggest that the severity of ICP may be indicated by early onset of pruritus (30-36(+6) pregnant weeks), the rising of serum total bilirubin level and the increasing of total bile acid concentration, and based on these indicators, timely cesarean section may increase the newborn Apgar scores.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Influence of drug compatibility on extractive retes of chlorogenic acid and isochlorogenic acid in simiaoyonglan tang decoction].

OBJECTIVE: To study the influence of drug compatibility on the extractive rates of chlorogenic acid and isochlorogenic acid in Simiaoyonglan Tang (SMYAT) decoction. METHOD: The contents of chlorogenic acid and isochlorogenic acid in SMYAT decoction, Flos Lonicerae and Flos Lonicerae in combination with other single drugs were determined by TLC-UV spectrophotometry respectively. The data from this experiment were treated statistically. RESULTS: The contents of chlorogenic acid in other five prescriptions of different compatibilities decreased markedly in comparison with those in Flos Loniceraés decoction (P < 0.01). The content of isochlorogenic acid in SMYAT decoction as a whole was about the same as thar in Flos Loniceraés decoction, but decreased significantly in other prescriptions of different compatibilities (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Drug compatibility is one of the main causes for changes of chlorogenic acid and isochlorogenic acid contents in SMYAT decoction.

Angelica sinensis↗
PubMed1999

[Studies on the continuous culture and the growth of Entamoeba gingivalis].

AIM: To establish a method for continuous culture of Entamoeba gingivalis(E. g.). METHODS: The culture conditions of E. g. were compared by observing its size and survival time at room temperature. RESULTS: The growth of E. g. under different culture conditions including culture medium, temperature and pH were compared. The accompanying bacteria associate with E. g. FJ4 were isolated and identified. The average size of E. g. was 13.19 microns-49.93 microns x 9.88 microns-30.74 microns. The optimal culture conditions of E. g. were: modified LES or YES medium, pH 6.4-6.7, nutritional liquids such as Locke's solution or yolk liquid with 20% bovine serum, penicillin, streptomycin and rice flour at 35 degrees C. Reproduction of E. g. peaked at the fourth day of incubation, and the survival time of E. g. was 120 h-168 h. CONCLUSION: E. g. could be continuously cultured in modified LES or YES medium by inoculating once every four days.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[The development of a bilateral groove lengthener].

A new series of bilateral groove external fixator are introduced in the article, which are mainly used to treat limb crispation. These apparatuses are composed of the groove frame threaded rod, hooked bolts, nuts and pins. They can be adjusted in several directions to correct the axis of limb in limb lengthening. The pins can be fixed on the anterior and posterior sides of the frame, with a stable angle structure. The devices are light and practical, with multiple functions, low price, simple and convenient operation. It can apply to all kinds of hospitals.

Bone Lengthening↗
PubMed1999

The Effect of Preoperative Aspirin and/or Heparin Therapy on Coagulation and Postoperative Blood Loss after Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of preoperative aspirin and/or intravenous heparin therapy on perioperative coagulation tests and postoperative blood loss for 24-hour after coronary artery bypass surgery. METHODS: Multiple conventional coagulation tests, activated clotting time, thrombelastograph, skin bleeding time and platelet aggregation were performed before induction of anaesthesia, following protamine administration and after skin closure in 45 patients. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in either coagulation tests or postoperative blood loss (median of 860 mL with a range of 275 to 2800 mL, versus 833 ml with a range of 500-1380 mL) between the aspirin and no-aspirin patients. Preoperative heparin therapy affected most coagulation tests (e.g. international normalised ratio, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin clotting time, prothrombin time, activated clotting time and coagulation time of thrombelastography) before anaesthesia. The effects disappeared following protamine administration and after skin closure. Post operative blood loss was not significantly increased for the heparin group compared with the no-heparin group (median of 850 mL with a range of 700-1400 mL, versus 856 mL with a range of 275-2800 mL, respectively). Similar results were seen in patients receiving preoperative co-administration of aspirin and heparin compared with patients receiving aspirin alone. There was no suppression of platelet activity in patients receiving preoperative heparin or co-administration of aspirin and heparin. However, such suppression was found in patients receiving aspirin only. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that preoperative aspirin ingestion and intravenous heparin therapy should be administered as indicated and that concerns about the risk of postoperative bleeding should not lead to modification or cessation of such therapy.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

Biochemical and genetic characterization of the DNA ligase encoded by Saccharomyces cerevisiae open reading frame YOR005c, a homolog of mammalian DNA ligase IV.

Here we demonstrate that the Saccharomyces cerevisiae DNA ligase activity, which we previously designated DNA ligase II, is encoded by the genomic DNA sequence YOR005c. Based on its homology with mammalian LIG4, this yeast gene has been named DNL4 and the enzyme activity renamed Dnl4. In agreement with others, we find that DNL4 is not required for vegetative growth but is involved in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks by non-homologous end joining. In contrast to a previous report, we find that a dnl4 null mutation has no effect on sporulation efficiency, indicating that Dnl4 is not required for proper meiotic chromosome behavior or subsequent ascosporogenesis in yeast. Disruption of the DNL4 gene in one strain, M1-2B, results in temperature-sensitive vegetative growth. At the restrictive temperature, mutant cells progressively lose viability and accumulate small, nucleated and non-dividing daughter cells which remain attached to the mother cell. This novel temperature-sensitive phenotype is complemented by retransformation with a plasmid-borne DNL4 gene. Thus, we conclude that the abnormal growth of the dnl4 mutant strain is a synthetic phenotype resulting from Dnl4 deficiency in combination with undetermined genetic factors in the M1-2B strain background.

Animals↗