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Biomedical subjects

G Li

Publications and source records attributed to G Li.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Factors allowing continuous working of female nurses in the People's Republic of China--survey of 15 hospitals in 5 areas].

PURPOSE: Few investigations have been conducted on working, childcare and home education among female nurses (nurses) in the People's Republic of China (P.R. of China). The purpose of this study was to clarify the factors allowing continued working of female nurses. METHODS: The subjects were nurses from 15 hospitals in 3 provinces and 2 autonomous areas. They were surveyed by questionnaire regarding their childcare and home education. In was distributed by the Ministry of Health in the P.R. of China and the data were collected between February and April in 1996. RESULTS: A total of 4,284 (80.0%) questionnaires were collected. 1. About 60% of the nurses began working when they were 15 to 19 years old. The average length of service was 13.9 years. 2. Their professional position correlated directly with their years of service. 3. 4.3% of them had not continued working. 4. The nurses entrust their children to day-care institutions (61.2%) or grandparents (22.3%) during the daytime, and to the father (66.3%) or the grandparents (19.5%) during the night. 5. 17.6% of them have experienced being away from home for more than one month due to their job. 6. 66.8% of the nurses have experienced more than one month official trip, and had children under 14 years old at the time. They entrusted their children to day-care institutions (34.1%), to the father (29.2%) and grandparents (25.3%) during the official trip. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, most nurses are employed when they are young and go on working as nurses. It is possible for them to continue their work after marriage, childbirth, and while they are bringing up their children. The high rate of working woman, sufficient nursery schools and family cooperation in housework can be pointed out as main factors that enable them to continue their work.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Childcare and home education in families of female nurses in the People's Republic of China--survey of 15 hospitals in 5 areas].

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the actual conditions of childcare and home education among families of female nurses in the P. R. of China. METHODS: The subjects were nurses from 15 hospitals in 3 provinces and 2 autonomous areas. They were surveyed by questionnaire regarding their childcare and home education. It was distributed by the Ministry of Health in the P. R. of China and data were collected between February and April in 1996. RESULTS: A total of 4284 (80.0%) questionnaires were collected. 1. The age of the subjects was between 18 and 62 years old with a mean of 32.9 +/- 9.0 (SD) years 71.4% of them had husbands, whose ages were between 23 and 71 years old, the mean age being 38.3 +/- 8.4 (SD) years. The family types were 63.2% nuclear family and 33.7% extended family, with 3.1% being single. 65.1% of the subjects had children, whose mean number was 1.1 +/- 0.4 (SD). Firstborn children were 49.9% girls and 50.1% boys. 2. The most popular method of infant nutrition was breast-feeding, utilized by 60.1%. The highest rate (67.8%) was in the age group of 25 to 29 years old (P < 0.01). 3. The practice of "swaddling" (wrapping the child so as not to allow movement) was more common in the over 40 year old age group than the under 40 year old group (P < 0.01). Swaddling-practice showed significant differences by area. 4. The rates for children who helped with housework were 50.3% for girls and 46.7% for boys. 5. A number of children between 7 and 18 years old were studying English privately. 6. The greatest expectation of the subjects, for their children aged between 7 and 18 years old, was to study. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Infant nutrition showed significant differences between generations, and swaddling-practice differed with the generation and the area. 2. Although girls help their parents more than boys in Japan, boys and girls equally helped their parents in the P. R. of China. 3. Concerning the topics of private learning and parents expectations, the results were similar to those in Japan.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Accumulation, chemical fractions and phytoavailability of Cr in tannery sludge-amended soils].

The phytoavailability of various fractions in the tannery sludge amended soils was investigated employing a sequential extraction procedure as well as seedling culture experiment. The results showed that 2 mol/L HCl extractable Cr could be the major fraction of soil Cr available to the plants. When the Cr content in soil was about 220 mg/kg, the Cr concentration of in plant reached maximum of 23.5 mg/kg, which was hardly approachable in field condition.

Chromium↗
PubMed2001

[CT appearance and its diagnosis value in liver cancer after transcatheter oily chemoembolization combining with high intensity focused ultrasound therapy].

OBJECTIVE: To study the CT appearances of liver cancer after transcatheter oily chemoembolization (TOCE) combining with high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) therapy. METHODS: Fifty cases of clinically-proved liver cancer were included into this study. For each case, CT scanning before and after TOCE, HIFU treatment was performed. The volumes of the masses were measured. The appearances of the oily deposition and the density, shape, border of the lesions were observed. RESULTS: The lesions became smaller in 38 cases (38/50, 76%) after the treatment. The differences were detected statistically in the ratio of the tumor shrinkage between the single TOCE therapy and the combined treatment (P<0.05). The ratio of the tumor shrinkage was closely correlative with the quantity of the oily deposition, but not with the diameter of the tumor before treatment. The lowered densities were showed in 30 cases (30/50, 60%) and the borders became regular and clear in 16 cases after HIFU therapy. CONCLUSIONS: TOCE combining with HIFU therapy in the patients with liver cancer can make the tumor smaller. CT is of great value in the evaluation of efficacy and prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Effect of temperature on biodegradation of the petrochemicals in contaminated soil].

Temperature is a significant factor of the natural attenuation of the polluted soil. The effect of the temperature on the biodegradation rates and the half-life of the petrochemicals in contaminated soil were evaluated in this paper by the simulative experiments in laboratory. The results showed that the relationship between the temperature and the biodegradation rates was consistent with the exponential equation: K = 3145exp(-5233/T). According to the prediction of half-life of the biodegradation rates by the equation, the half-life at 5 degrees C, 10 degrees C, 20 degrees C and 30 degrees C were 1499 days, 1075 days, 572 days and 317 days respectively.

Biodegradation, Environmental↗
PubMed2001

[Chromosomal aberration analyzed by comparative genomic hybridization in nasopharyngeal carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To identify genetic alteration in primary sporadic nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) in Hunan. METHODS: Comparative genomic hybridization was applied to investigate the genomic imbalance in a series of 20 cases of primary nasopharyngeal carcinomas. RESULTS: The common chromosomal alterations included gains of chromosomes 1q, 2, 3q, 7q,8q,12 as well as losses of chromosomes 3p, 9p, 11q, 16q. CONCLUSION: There are multiple regions of chromosomes with copy number changes in NPC. The tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes on these regions may be involved in the development and progress of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed2001

Histopathological changes of Macaca mulatta infected with Plasmodium knowlesi.

OBJECTIVE: To study the histopathological changes of relevant internal organs of Macaca mulatta infected with Plasmodium knowlesi (P. knowlesi). METHODS: Histopathological examination of 3 monkeys who died of P. knowlesi infection, 2 P. knowlesi infected monkeys who died of treatment failure with artesunate suppository and 1 P. knowlesi infected monkey that was cured by piperaquine phosphate (PQP) but died of trauma and necrosis of the fore limb. RESULTS: The heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, brain, pancreas, parathyroid, pituitary and lymph nodes showed severe pathological changes in 3 monkeys (No. 1, 7 and 12) who died of P. knowlesi infection and 1 infected monkey (No. 72) who died of treatment failure with artesunate suppository. Red blood cells containing malarial parasites and pigments were concentrated in the capillaries of these organs. Malarial pigments were deposited in many organs or phagocytized by macrophages in 1 monkey (No. 131), it was cured by piperaquine phosphate but died of trauma and necrosis of the fore limb; cellular atrophy and disappearance of pancreatic islets, parathyroid and pituitary cells were also observed. One monkey (No. 33) treated with artesunate suppository, showed that blood parasites became negative but recrudesced and pituitary later died from a gavage accident. Its organs showed a significant difference to those of the infected monkeys receiving no treatment. Only the liver Kupffer cells and cerebral matrix contained malarial parasites and pigments; many relevant internal organs showed repair. CONCLUSION: The pathological changes of relevant internal organs of Macaca mulatta infected with P. knowlesi were examined in detail, especially cellular atrophy and the disappearance of pancreatic islets, parathyroid and pituitary cells and myolysis of cardiac muscles. These changes have not previously been reported elsewhere.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

General aviation crashes involving military personnel as pilots.

BACKGROUND: Injuries sustained in off-duty activities are a major cause of mortality and morbidity among military personnel. Reducing these off-duty fatalities is a continuing priority of the military. METHODS: General aviation crashes recorded by the National Transportation Safety Board between 1983 and 1998 were analyzed for military pilots (n = 205) and other military personnel (n = 185), and compared with all other general aviation crashes (n = 32,807) to identify differences in the crash circumstances and sustained injury severities. RESULTS: During the 16-yr study period, a total of 45 military pilots and 52 other military personnel were fatally injured while flying general aviation flights. Military pilots who were involved in general aviation crashes were more likely to have advanced licenses and higher total flight times when compared with other military personnel and civilian pilots (p < 0.05). Among the three groups of pilots, other military personnel had the least flying time and the largest percentage of student/private licenses. Military personnel had significantly less time in type in the 90-d and 30-d periods preceding the crash compared with civilians (p < 0.05). Shoulder restraint usage was associated with less severe injuries for all groups. We estimate that general aviation deaths have cost the military at least $405 million since 1983. CONCLUSIONS: General aviation crashes are a costly source of mortality and morbidity for military personnel, particularly military pilots. Interventions aimed at improving safety of military personnel in the general aviation setting warrant special consideration.

Accidents, Aviation↗
PubMed2001

[Laparoscopic surgery in the treatment of early uterine malignancies: a report of 8 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of laparoscopic operation as treatment for early malignant uterine tumors. METHOD: Six patients with endometrial carcinoma underwent laparoscopic extensive total hysterectomy and bilateral adnexectomy, and 2 with cervical cancer underwent additional pelvic lymphadenectomy. RESULTS: The mean operating time of the 6 laparoscopic extensive total hysterectomy and bilateral adnexectomy was 220 min, and mean blood loss was 200 ml. The mean operating time of 2 cases underwent additional pelvic lymphadenectomy was 240 min. No organ trauma occurred, and the average post-operative hospital stay was 8 days. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that laparoscopic operation is safe and feasible in treating early stage malignant uterine tumors.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

[Investigation of the clinicopathologic features, immunophenotype and Epstein-Barr virus infection of primary central nervous system lymphoma].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinicopathological features, immunophenotypes and EB virus infection of 25 cases of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). METHODS: Immunohistochemical staining was performed using monoclonal antibodies, L26 (CD20), kappa,lambda for B lymphocytes, UCHL-1 (CD45RO) for T lymphocytes, CS1-4 for latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1) and GFAP for gliocytes. In situ hybridization was used for detection of EB virus encoded small nuclear RNAs (EBER1/2). RESULTS: All of the 25 PCNSL were of B lymphocyte origin with high-grade malignancy. Only 2/25 (8%) cases showed positive signal in EBER1/2 in situ hybridization. CONCLUSION: This group of PCNSL were all B-cell lymphomas, and the role of EB virus in this group of PCNSL was uncertain.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Age-structure dynamics and genetic consequences of Hippophea rhamnoides L. subsp sinensis clone population in Mu Su sandland].

Based on the measurement of all individuals of population at different successional stage, the investigation on edge dispersal effect and the following excavation of clones, the dynamics of age structure and genetic consequences of Hippophea rhamnoides L. subsp sinensis clone population in Mu Su sandland were examined. The results showed that the age structure of the clone population was characterized by a transformation from an increasing type in the early period starting from the initial colonization through a stable type to a declining type. The clone population could maintain or recover its stability by edge dispersal and gap regeneration with clonal growth. As the population self-thinned, the composition of clone population changed from more clones with less ramets to less clones with more ramets and the genetic diversity of clone population decreased.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2001

[The tensor fascia lata racket shape myocutaneous island flap].

OBJECTIVE: To provide a racket shape tensor fascia lata myocutaneous island flap according to the anatomical form and blood supply of the tensor fascia lata. METHODS: Four tensor fascia lata racket shape myocutaneous island flaps were used in four patients clinically. All 4 flaps were for repairing abdominal defect. RESULTS: Three of the four flaps survived without complication. In one of the four flaps, skin necrosis at the distal tip was noted and needed additional skin graft. CONCLUSIONS: The tensor fascia lata racket shape myocutaneous island flap is a convenient island flap. The island flap designed like racket shape has two benefits than the conventional rectangular island flap: 1. The narrow proximal part of the flap is like a extended pedicle, which makes the broad distal part of the flap can easily be transposed to the recipient site. 2. The donor defect of the narrow proximal part can be closed directly, which lessens the size of skin graft for the donor defect. The cause of skin necrosis at the distal tip of one flap is mainly due to that the length of the flap exceeds the distal end of the middle one third of the lateral thigh.

Abdomen↗
PubMed2001

[Ultrasonic removal of organic pollutants in tannery waste water].

The effect of ultrasonic treatment on flocculating settling of tannery effluent was studied, removal of COD in particular was did. The influences of irradiation method and duration of ultrasonic as well prescription of coagulants on the efficiency of minimizing organic chemicals in waste water were investigated. The results show that: 1. when waste water was treated only by ultrasonic for 60s, the removal rate of COD was 40.6%; 2. when total concentration of coagulants increased to 100 mg/L, the highest removal rate of COD was achieved; 3. when waste water was firstly treated with ultrasonic for 60s, then flocculated with coagulants, the removal rate of COD came to 73.2%, 10% higher than the control without ultrasonic. Thus the treatment of tannery waste water with flocculating settling technology can be effectively strengthened by ultrasonic.

Industrial Waste↗
PubMed2001

[The influence factors of SO2 removal in flue gas with a pulsed corona discharge].

The influence of the operation parameters on SO2 removal rate with a pulsed corona discharge was studied in this paper, in order to promote the industrial applications of this technology. The flow rate of the flue gas was 1000-3000 m3/h. The SO2 removal rate reached 80%. The range of SO2 concentration in flue gas was 1000-2000 ml/m3. The flue gas temperature was 60 degrees C-80 degrees C. The molecule ratio of NH3 to SO2 was 2. The energy consumption was 3-5 W.h/Nm3. The wire-plane electrode structure and a positive high voltage pulse power supply were used in the experiment.

Sulfur Dioxide↗
PubMed2001

[Microsurgical treatment of multiple intracranial aneurysms].

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the experience in microsurgical treatment of multiple intracranial aneurysms. METHOD: Eight patients with 17 aneurysms were analysed retrospectively. RESULTS: Seven patients were followed up from 0.5 month to 10 years. According to Sundt's standard, the results in 5 patients were excellent and 2 good. One patients with bilateral PCom aneurysm died 1 week after operation. CONCLUSIONS: Multiple intracranial aneurysms should be removed as soon as possible, especially bilateral ones. The best way is first to clip the bled aneurysm and then the contralateral one by using coronal incision and bilateral pterional approach. This approach has the advantage of minimal invasion, good exposure, and less time-consuming.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Clinical application of ultrasonographic indexes for assessment of amniotic fluid volume].

OBJECTIVE: To find the favorable interval of assessment of amniotic fluid volume and the optimal standard for oligohydramnios. METHODS: To determine actual amniotic fluid volume (AAFV) by collecting amniotic fluid during cesarean section and compare it with maximum vertical pocket (MVP) and amniotic fluid index (AFI) in different interval between cesarean section and measurement and test the sensitivity and specificity of MVP and AFI of different standard. RESULTS: The ultrasonographic results were divided into three groups according to the interval between measurement and delivery: within 24 hours group, 24-96 hours group and longer than 96 over hours group. The results of the within 24 hours and 24-96 hours groups were positively correlated with AAFV, while the results of the group longer than 96 hours were not statistically significant. The correlation coefficients were 0.840 and 0.869 for MVP, 0.789 and 0.874 for AFI respectively. The receiver-operator characteristic curve showed that MVP < 4 cm and AFI < 10 cm were superior to any other standards to scan oligohydramnios. The sensitivity of these standards was 0.76 and 0.61, and the specificity was 0.83 and 0.91. CONCLUSION: It is highly recommended to estimate the amniotic fluid of high risk pregnant women, women with MVP < 4 cm or AFI < 10 cm and with a pregnancy week > 40 weeks should be monitered by ultrasonography every four days.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed2001

[Modulating effects of thymopentin on the immune system of severely burned patients].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the modulating effects of thymopentin (TP-5) on the immune system of severely burned patients. METHODS: Sixty patients with severe burn were enrolled in this study and were randomly divided into treatment (T, n = 30) and control (C, n = 30) groups. The T lymphocytes and NK cells in peripheral blood in two groups were determined on the 2, 5, 8, 15 and 22 postburn days (PBDs). The patients in T group were treated with TP-5 in a dose of 1 mg/d for 20 days beginning on 2 PBD. RESULTS: There was no difference of T lymphocytes and NK cells between the two groups on 2 PBD, and there was no difference of total number in T lymphocytes between the two groups on 5, 8, 15 and 22 PBDs. But the NK cell number and CD4/CD8 ratio in C group were much lower than those in T group. CONCLUSION: The function of T lymphocytes and NK cells in severely burned patients could be obviously improved by TP-5, which played immune modulating roles.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗