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PubMedDate not supplied

Reconstruction of the nipple and areola after radical mastectomy.

The authors present 8 different methods for reconstruction in order to determine a technique that best creates a nipple-areola complex after reconstruction of the breast mound. The main principles are: 1. preservation of the nipple-areola complex is possible, 2. sharing of the remaining nipple and areola, 3. Use of full thickness graft from other parts of the body and tattooing the areola. Our experience from more than 200 patients is discussed.

Breast↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Unfavorable results after breast reconstruction with silicone breast.

Failures in breast reconstruction were related to the following factors: 1. Radiation damage to the skin was underestimated. 2. Skin coverage and subcutaneous padding was insufficient. 3. Undermining of the skin towards the back and abdomen was too wide or too narrow. 4. The inframammary fold was not fixed (especially when using cortisone and Hartley-prostheses). 5. The size of the implant was estimated incorrectly. 6. When areola was transplanted at the same time as the augmentation mammaplasty it was found to be always too high or too lateral. 7. Location of the areola was measured exactly in centimeters instead of estimated by eye. 8. Retransplantation of the preserved areola (from the groin) was followed by depigmentation. 9. Filling up the groove of the missing pectoral muscle remains a problem. 10. Capsule formation and dislocation of the silicone implant remains a problem.

Breast↗