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Biomedical subjects

G Le Gall

Publications and source records attributed to G Le Gall.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Viral haemorrhagic disease of rabbit: purification and characterization of a strain isolated in France.

The causative agent of rabbit viral haemorrhagic disease (VHD) was purified by CsCl density gradient centrifugation from liver homogenates of rabbits infected with a strain of VHD virus isolated in France. Electron microscopy observations revealed that the virions were icosahedral with a diameter of 33-35 nm, and with an average buoyant density of 1.33. Structural proteins were investigated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and western blotting. The results indicated the presence of a major structural protein of 64 kDa and other minor proteins of molecular weight of 43, 36 and 32 kDa, the last presumably resulting from the proteolytic degradation of VP 64. These results correspond with the description made by the different authors who identify the VHD virus as a member of the Caliciviridae family.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

HIV-associated thrombocytopenia: in vitro megakaryocyte colony formation in 10 patients.

In vitro bone-marrow megakaryocyte colony formation was studied in 10 patients with HIV-associated thrombocytopenia to investigate the mechanism of thrombocytopenia. Increased colony formation was observed in 3 patients and decreased growth in 7 patients. No relationship was noted between the growth potential of megakaryocyte progenitors and platelet count, number of CD4+ celts, platelet response to azidothymidine, and platelet count 7 days after culture. In all patients, megakaryocyte morphology was abnormal: blebbing of the membrane and abnormal chromatin with separated lobes of nuclei. Further studies are needed to determine if growth potential of megakaryocyte progenitors is useful in understanding the mechanism of thrombocytopenia in HIV-infected individuals.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

Hepatitis of viral origin in Leporidae: introduction and aetiological hypotheses.

In less than ten years, two very serious viral hepatic diseases have spread through Leporidae populations (rabbits and hares) in numerous countries. In May 1989, the Office International des Epizooties designated this new disease of rabbits "viral haemorrhagic disease" and entered it as a List B disease in the International Animal Health Code. Clinically, the disease is very similar to the European brown hare syndrome. However, numerous uncertainties prevail today on the true nature of the viruses of the two species. Although they are related, the viruses appear to be different and cross infection between species has given contradictory results. Hepatitis of Leporidae have probably existed in Europe for several years, although their viral aetiology has been demonstrated only recently. The acute form has occurred in hares in Northern Europe since approximately 1980, while the inapparent (or ignored) form has been present in rabbits in Czechoslovakia since 1975. These diseases of Leporidae are true viral hepatitis which, in their fulminating forms, bear a remarkable resemblance to human viral hepatitis (B and non-A non-B) with regard to clinical symptoms, pathological lesions and mode of transmission. The dominant faecal-oral transmission observed for types A and E hepatitis would explain the particular susceptibility of family-kept rabbits, as they are fed potentially contaminated fodder. As the clinically similar fulminating hepatitis in human beings is caused by a diversity of viruses (both RNA and DNA), the disease in Leporidae might also be caused by different viruses.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Inhibitory effect of highly purified human platelet beta-thromboglobulin on in vitro human megakaryocyte colony formation.

The effect of highly purified human beta-thromboglobulin (beta TG), a glycoprotein present in platelet alpha granules, was tested on human bone marrow in vitro megakaryocyte (MK) colony formation. A concentration of 5 micrograms/ml of beta TG induced a 50% reduction in the number of MK colonies, and concentrations of 10 and 20 micrograms/ml completely inhibited MK growth. This inhibition was of importance for MKs because a higher concentration of beta TG (10 micrograms/ml) was needed to obtain a nonsignificant decrease in erythroblastic progenitors (erythroid burst-forming units, BFU-E), and no inhibition of granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units (CFU-GM) was observed. beta TG acts mainly on maturation of MKs. These results indicate that beta TG could play a role in the physiological regulation of platelet production by MKs.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1988

The prevalence of exfoliation syndrome in different areas of France.

A prospective study was performed by 30 ophthalmologists to determine the prevalence of exfoliation syndrome (ES) in different areas of France and its relationship with glaucoma. The prevalence of ES in France is 5.5%; there are geographical variations: in Brittany and in the South East, the prevalence of ES is statistically higher than in the other areas. The percentage of patients with ES and glaucoma is 65.5%. The mean age of patients with ES with glaucoma (74.8) is significantly lower than the mean age of patients with ES without glaucoma (76.9). The association of ES with glaucoma appears early and does not increase with age.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1985

[Congenital esophagotracheal fistulas without esophageal atresia in children].

Ten cases are reported of children presenting isolated, congenital esophagotracheal fistulae without esophageal atresia, or "H-type-fistula" of Anglo-Saxon authors. The malformation is rare, of difficult diagnosis and often associated with other malformations. Respiratory symptomatology is sometimes dramatic, but diagnosis is based on data from radiologic imaging of the esophagus and from esophageal and tracheobronchial endoscopy. Treatment is surgical by a cervicotomy approach due to the almost constant high localization of the lesion.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1980

[Pseudo-spondylodiscitis as manifestation of diffuse articular chondrocalcinosis (author's transl)].

Articular chondrocalcinosis (ACC), which is due to the precipitation of calcium pyrophosphate microcrystals, is known to produce symptom of acute arthritis or chronic degenerative polyarticular lesions. It is more rarely responsible for rapidly destructive lesions of the joints suggesting a metabolic or neurological process. The case reported here of a 66 year old woman with major lesions of the L1-L2 intervertebral space, together with other cases already published, shows that the destructive spinal forms of ACC may also present as subacute spondylodiscitis. The latter, however, merely represents 4.9% of all destructive articular lesions of ACC and 5.2% of the vertebral localizations of all forms of the disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

[Tricho-rhino-phalangeal syndrome. Four family cases].

The tricho-rhino-phalangeal syndrome was described in 1966 by Giedion. It is a hereditary disease with a dominant autosomic transmission. The authors describe a family with 7 cases, 4 of which were thoroughly studied. No chromosomic or biochemical error is known. However, x-rays of a young man in this family led us to classify this anomaly among the minor epiphyseal dysplasias related to the peripheral dysostosis of Braislford and clearly distinct Thieman's disease acquired by manual labor.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of recombinant human interferon alpha on human megakaryocyte and fibroblast colony formation.

Effects of recombinant human interferon alpha (HuIFN-alpha) on human megakaryocyte (CFU-MK) and fibroblast (CFU-F) colony-forming cell growth were studied. Concentration-dependent inhibition of both CFU-MK and CFU-F by HuIFN-alpha was demonstrated. Statistically significant suppression of both CFU-MK and CFU-F was seen at a HuIFN-alpha concentration of 1000 U/ml or greater. No significant difference was found between HuIFN-alpha treated cultures and controls for the distribution of CFU-MK types and for the size and cell morphology of CFU-F. When a concentration of 1000 u/ml HuIFN-alpha was added at varying time points during the marrow cultures, decreased numbers of megakaryocyte and fibroblast colonies only appeared at the early days of cultures. When bone marrow cells were incubated with HuIFN-alpha for different periods of time prior to initiation of cultures, a reduction of megakaryocyte colony formation also occurred. These studies demonstrate a suppressive effect of HuIFN-alpha on human CFU-MK and CFU-F growth. This effect seems to occur at the initial stages of CFU-MK and CFU-F development.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Present clinical appearances of tuberculosis in hospital practive: their diagnostic difficulties (author's transl)].

Even if tuberculosis has become now rare in France, the frequency of new cases in general hospital practice remains 1,4% of incomers. More than 50% of man and 80% of women attacked with tuberculosis are 60 years old or more. Pulmonary tuberculosis represents 60% of these cases but other localizations are various and multifocal in 22,8% of cases. Two points are emphasized: the difficulties of the diagnosis in some specially misleading cases and the fatal prognosis of 8,5% of cases.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The value of antibiotic prophylaxis in transurethral resection of bladder tumors. Apropos of 61 cases].

In order to define the value of antibiotic prophylaxis, we conducted a prospective, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in 61 patients undergoing transurethral resection (TUR) of a bladder lesion suspected to be neoplastic. 32 patients received a single dose of 800 mg of pefloxacin at the time of anaesthetic induction and 29 patients received placebo. All patients had sterile preoperative urine and none had received any antibiotics during the fortnight preceding the operation. 3 patients in the pefloxacin group (9.4%) developed postoperative bacteriuria versus 7 in the placebo group (24.1%) (no statistically significant difference). No patient developed symptomatic urinary tract infection. We conclude that antibiotic prophylaxis is not indicated during TUR for bladder tumours.

Aged↗