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Biomedical subjects

G Lawrence

Publications and source records attributed to G Lawrence.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Instability of the L6 gene for rust resistance in flax is correlated with the presence of a linked Ac element.

In a programme aimed at tagging rust-resistance genes in flax with the maize transposable element Ac, a primary transformant of a line called 'Forge' that is homozygous for four rust-resistance genes, L6, M, N and P2, was identified that possessed 10 copies of the Ac element, one of which was linked (29 map units) to L6. Descendants of this plant, which had from 8 to 15 copies of Ac, were crossed to a rust-susceptible line and the progeny screened for rust-susceptible mutants. When the Ac linked to L6 was present in the parent, a high frequency of L6 mutants was observed (29 mutants in 30,575). By contrast, when this Ac was absent, no such mutants were observed in 9258 progeny. The background frequency of L6 mutants was low (five in 124,088). A detailed analysis was made of the first 11 L6 mutants recovered from parents carrying the L6-linked Ac element. While none of the mutants possessed a tagged resistance gene, all lacked an RFLP marker closely linked to L6, suggesting that deletions were responsible for loss of the L6 specificity. In many of the mutants, one or more RFLP markers in the vicinity of the linked Ac were also absent. These findings suggest that the linked Ac may be inducing chromosome breakage.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Identification, cloning, and expression of the major capsid protein gene of human herpesvirus 6.

DNA sequence analysis of part of the human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) genome led to the identification of an open reading frame with amino acid sequence homology to the major capsid proteins (MCP) of other HHVs. DIAGON analysis showed that the closest homology was with human cytomegalovirus. Plasmids were constructed which were shown to express the HHV-6 MCP as either the entire open reading frame or as portions of it, and the recombinant-produced proteins were used to raise antisera. The antisera were shown by immunofluorescence to react with HHV-6-infected lymphoblastoid cells and in Western blots with a 135-kilodalton protein specific to HHV-6-infected cells. The recombinant protein expressed from the entire HHV-6 MCP gene was detected only weakly in Western blot assays with normal HHV-6-positive human sera as a probe.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1988

Absolute bioavailability of cefixime in man.

In a four-way cross-over study, the absolute bioavailability of cefixime was determined in 16 healthy volunteers. Each subject received a single 200-mg dose as an intravenous (IV) and oral solution, and 200-mg and 400-mg capsule doses of the drug. Blood and urine samples were collected for 24 hours after each dose. Cefixime was well tolerated after IV and oral doses of the drug and no serious drug-related adverse effects were observed. The maximal serum concentration (Cmax) of cefixime following the 200-mg oral solution and 200-mg and 400-mg capsule doses were 3.22, 2.92, and 4.84 micrograms/mL, respectively. Mean area under the serum concentration time curves (AUC) following the IV, 200-mg oral solution, and 200-mg and 400-mg capsule doses were 47.0, 26.0, 23.6, and 39.4 micrograms.hr/mL, respectively. Mean elimination half-life values of the drug were comparable after oral and IV doses, ranging from 3.2 to 3.5 hours. Based on serum AUC values, the absolute bioavailability of cefixime was 52.3%, 47.9%, and 40.2% after the 200-mg oral solution, 200-mg capsule and 400-mg capsule doses, respectively. Respective ratios based on 24-hour urinary recovery data were 44.7%, 41.7%, and 40.5%. Therefore, the results show that the percent of cefixime adsorbed after 200-mg and 400-mg oral doses was similar.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

Level of pharmacy practice and job satisfaction of adult clinical and psychopharmacy pharmacists.

Two hundred fifty questionnaires were mailed to randomly selected members of the Psychopharmacy Special Interest Group (PS) and Adult Clinical Special Interest Group (ACS) of the American Society of Hospital Pharmacists. Questionnaires were designed to demographically characterize each group and compare levels of job satisfaction, job characteristics, sources of conflict, and levels of practice in pharmacy-based, clinical, educational, and administrative activities. Both groups were found to be slightly satisfied to satisfied with their jobs. PS members were significantly more satisfied than ACS members with the amount of visible impact their work had on their patients. Administrators and physicians were the greatest source of conflict for both groups. Individual job satisfaction items that correlated most strongly with overall job satisfaction were opportunity to do something meaningful, degree of job challenge, and opportunity to utilize skills. Careful attention to these aspects of practice by skilled administrators may enhance job satisfaction in the practice areas studied.

Employment↗
PubMed1985

Factors associated with the elderly falling in intermediate care facilities.

In intermediate care facilities, the records of 41 patients who had fallen and 36 controls were reviewed retrospectively, and the two groups compared for demographics, diagnoses, blood pressures over the prior two months, and prescribed medication. Seven of the sample had a recent weight loss recorded; all seven were in the group that fell. The mean number of medications prescribed for the group of fallers was significantly greater than the mean prescribed for the control group. The mean number of medication changes during the two weeks prior to the fall was significantly greater than the mean number of medication changes during the two weeks prior to data collection for the control group. Our data suggest that caution should be exercised in multiple drug prescribing for patients in intermediate care facilities and that recent weight loss and medication changes may be risk factors for falling.

Accident Prevention↗
PubMed1984

An affinity technique for the isolation of Clostridium perfringens type C from man and pigs in Papua New Guinea.

Necrotising enteritis caused by Clostridium perfringens type C (CwC) is an important cause of morbidity and death in highland regions of Papua New Guinea (PNG) and the organism is readily isolated from clinical cases. Although detected in fluorescent antibody stains of faecal cultures, CwC has previously only once been isolated from normal people or from pigs in PNG. The difficulty results from the greater numbers of the much more common Cl. perfringens type A (CwA) which is morphologically and culturally indistinguishable from CwC. Separation of CwC from the more numerous CwA has been achieved by utilising their antigenic dissimilarity. Silicate beads covered with specific antibody to CwC added to a mixed culture bound CwC cells while most of the unbound cells were washed away. When the beads were plated out type C organisms were recovered. In laboratory tests CwC was isolated from mixtures with CwA where the type A organisms predominated by one million to one. With this system type C organisms have been isolated from human and pig faeces from PNG.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Pathogenesis of neonatal necrotising enterocolitis.

Neonatal necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) mostly affects the small premature infant in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). It is proposed that, because of physical isolation, the cleanliness of nursing procedures, and, in some cases, antibiotic treatment, the normal bacterial colonisation of infants in NICUs may be delayed. In such babies, colonised with one or a few species, the organisms multiply in the gut, unhindered by competitors. The immature gut takes up macromolecules intact, especially in the lower ileum, and toxic products from the growing bacteria may be absorbed and cause mucosal damage, initiating NEC. Thus, NEC may be a result of the NICU environment.

Animals↗