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Biomedical subjects

G L Hoff

Publications and source records attributed to G L Hoff.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Endemic eastern equine encephalomyelitis in Florida: a twenty-year analysis, 1955-1974.

Research and surveillance programs relating to the circulation of eastern equine encephalomyelitis (EEE) virus in Florida between 1955 and 1974 are summarized. All available data suggest that EEE virus is 1) endemic in many Florida fresh water swamps and waterways, 2) active in a continuous cycle throughout the year with a peak between May and August, and 3) circulating in Culiseta melanura. It has been isolated also from eight other mosquito species.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Blood and urinary values in the gray squirrel.

Uric acid, blood urea nitrogen, glucose, total serum protein, cholesterol, triglyceride, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and chloride concentrations in the blood plus pH, bilirubin, ketone, blood, protein and glucose levels in the urine were determined for gray squirrels captured in Jacksonville, Florida. Significant differences were not noted for any of these values when compared by the age or sex of the animals, by breeding or lactation status, by month of capture, or by habitat type. Depressed blood glucose and elevated blood urea nitrogen levels were observed in squirrels with shock syndrome.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

Heavy metal concentrations in kidneys of urban gray squirrels.

Concentrations of lead and zinc in the kidneys of 180 urban gray squirrels were determined by spectrophotometry and found similar for all age groups; however, concentrations of cadmium increased up to two years of age. Values for 12 rural squirrels were significantly lower than those of the urban animals. There were no differences in mean concentrations of the metals when urban squirrels were grouped by the land usage pattern of the sites in which they were captured. Grouping squirrels by human socioeconomic strata for the city revealed that squirrels in low socioeconomic areas have significantly higher levels of lead than animals residing in middle or high socioeconomic areas.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

Hematologic values for free-ranging urban gray squirrels (Sciurus c carolinensis).

Gray squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis carolinensis) (N=180) from Jacksonville, Fl, were examined for hematologic values: erythrocyte sedimentation rate, packed cell volume, hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, erythrocyte and leukocyte counts, differential leukocyte counts, blood platelet counts, Hb electrophoresis, and erythrocyte fragility. Results were compared by age and by sex of the squirrels and by month of capture.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Electrophoretic separation of serum proteins from gray squirrels.

Serum proteins of gray squirrels were electrophoretically separated into 7 fractions as compared with the 5 fractions obtained from human serum. The mobility of the albumin fraction was approximately the same for both human and squirrel serums. The prealbumin fraction did not vary significantly in the percentage for squirrels bled at different times of the year. Immunoelectrophoresis patterns showed squirrel serum had a small number of fractions with the same antigenic characteristics as human serum.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

A microbiologic study of the urban gray squirrel.

Bacteriologic, virologic, and serologic examinations were conducted on 180 urban gray squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis) during a 1-year period in a metropolitan area. Evidence was not found of infections with leptospires, enteric or other bacteria, rickettsial agents, Francisella tularensis, or arthropod-borne viruses. The squirrels were remarkably free of evidence of bacterial or viral infections of importance to man and lower animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Wildlife and environmental health: raccoons as indicators of zoonoses and pollutants in southeastern United States.

Inasmuch as terrestrial fauna are an integral part of our natural environment and are directly exposed to disease and pollutants, it follows that certain wild populations could serve to detect subtle alterations within ecosystems. A collection of studies on raccoons is presented to stimulate other researchers to develop the potential of our wildlife resources as monitors of environmental health. Raccoons have been used as serologic sentinels for St Louis encephalitis and Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis. Studies suggest that the raccoon may be used as an indicator of leptospirosis, tularemia, and some enteric bacteria and viruses. Base line surveys have defined (1) residue levels of organochlorine and organophosphate compounds and (2) body burdens of mercury, cesium-137, and strontium-90. Physiologic responses, parasite burdens, and reproductive processes are also considered as measures that may reflect pertinent information about environmental health.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1975

Edwardsiella tarda infections in Florida racoons, Procyon lotor.

Edwardsiella tarda was isolated from the large intestine of seven (17%) of 42 racoons from Florida. The rate varied from 12% in South Florida to 25% in North Florida. In addition, 52% of the racoons examined were carrying Salmonella, with numerous serotypes represented.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Chiropteran rabies in Florida: a twenty-year analysis, 1954 to 1973.

Chiropteran rabies in Florida is analyzed for the 20-year period 1954 to 1973. The examination of 6,447 bats between 1954 and 1961 yielded 55 (0.85%) positive animals. From 1962 to 1973 however, 2,293 bats examined yielded 236 (10.3%) positive. The yellow bat, Lasiurus intermedius floridanus, accounted for 183 (63.1%) of all cases of chiropteran rabies. Sporadic cases occurred throughout the state with more being reported from the central portion of the state. Cases have been reported every month of the year, peaking in July and August. There were no significant differences in the distribution of rabies in colonial or noncolonial bats by sex or age. There were also no significant differences in the number of reported human and dog contacts made by rabid and non-rabid bats. Clinically ill bats found negative for rabies had a significantly higher contact rate with cats than did rabid bats.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

Seasonal variations in total serum protein concentration in an estuarine raccoon population.

Total serum protein (TSP) levels were recorded for the adult cohort in a population of southern Florida raccoons (Procyon lotor marinus) for a period of 1 year. TSP levels were found to fluctuate seasonally, with autumn levels being the highest and spring and summer levels the lowest. Values for males tended to be higher than those for females. There may be a correlation between mean TSP levels and mean body weight. In 10 male raccoons recaptured during the study period, the same pattern of fluctuation in TSP levels was observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Arbovirus surveillance in Florida: wild vertebrate studies 1965-1974.

Wildlife species from 38 of Florida's 67 counties were surveyed over a 10 year period for the presence of antibody to the five major arboviruses circulating in the state. The routine screening of 7891 sera from wild birds and mammals via the hemagglutination-inhibition (H1) test with selected reactors subjected to serum neutralization testing has 1) provided information regarding geographic distribution and seasonality of circulation of these viruses 2) identified enzootic foci of infection and those species of wildlife most commonly infected and 3) documented the potential value of certain wild mammals as indicators of St. Louis Encephalitis and Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus activity prior to the detection of human cases. Limited studies of Tamiami and Tensaw virus on sera from mammals collected for other purposed provided additional baseline information on the activity of these viruses in Florida mammals. Isolations of eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus were made from the heart of a loggerhead shrike (Lanius excubitor), Tensaw virus from the brain of a gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus), and Keystone virus from the heart of a bluejay (Cyanocitta cristata).

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Public health and the urban gray squirrel: mycology.

From 180 gray squirrels (Sciurus c. carolinesis), 942 isolates of fungi representing 19 genera were recovered upon culture of hair-skin scrapings and toenails. Of the isolates, 170 represented known human pathogens and 142, squirrel pathogens. A human infection of Trichophyton mentagrophytes was derived from handling the squirrels. Skin lesions of seven squirrels were attributable to T. mentagrophytes and Mucor sp.

Animals↗