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Biomedical subjects

G L Baum

Publications and source records attributed to G L Baum.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Recurrent miliary tuberculosis secondary to infected ventriculoatrial shunt.

The placing of a ventriculoatrial anastomosis because of elevated CSF pressure secondary to tuberculous meningitis resulted in repeated dissemination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from the anastomosis. The consequent clinical picture showed recurrent appearance and clearing of miliary tuberculosis of the lung in spite of antituberculosis chemotherapy. While this possibility was considered early, the diagnosis was not established until the shunt was replaced shortly before the patient's death.

Antitubercular Agents↗
PubMed1979

L'chaim!

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Decision Making↗
PubMed1978

A comparison of the prevalence of sensitization to Aspergillus antigens among asthmatics in Cleveland and London.

A survey of the frequency of sensitization to Aspergillus antigens was conducted in a group of asthmatics in Cleveland and compared with a group of asthmatics in London, using common antigens for testing purposes. The two groups were comparable except for earlier onset, longer duration of asthma, and a larger number of males in the London group. Twenty-eight per cent of the asthmatics from Cleveland and 23% from London had immediate skin reactivity to Aspergillus. Seven and one-half percent from the Cleveland group and 10.5% of the London group had Aspergillus precipitins in the serum. Aspergillus skin test reactivity was related to the severity of airways obstruction (p less than 0.01) but was not influenced by other factors. We conclude that sensitization to Aspergillus antigens occur with equal frequency in both the United States and the United Kingdom.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Poisoning caused by inhalation of hydrogen chloride, phosphorus oxychloride, phosphorus pentachloride, oxalyl chloride, and oxalic acid.

Eleven people accidentally inhaled a significant amount of a gaseous mixture of hydrogen chloride, phosphorus oxychloride, phosphorus pentachloride, oxalyl chloride, and oxalic acid. Clinical observations and laboratory tests were recorded from the time of admission throughout hospitalization. The main abnormalities were found in the respiratory tract and consisted of clinical and physiologic evidence of obstruction of the airways, mild interstitial and alveolar edema, a defect in diffusion, and inequalities of ventilation and perfusion that produced hypoxemia. All of these cleared within a short time.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1978

On respirable organic antigens, mattresses and some idiopathic lung diseases.

In surveying the environment of workers in a mattress factory thermophilic actinomycetes as well as phycomycetes and aspergillus species were isolated readily from work room dust, finished bat, sissal and the interior of baled linters. Those persons working with cotton products were shown to have a heavy, daily exposure to organisms known to be implicated in the pathogenesis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis. The authors suggest that further study of the inhaled antigens to which cotton workers are exposed is indicated before discarding immunologic mechanisms to explain the development of byssinosis and other pulmonary disorders to which such workers are subject.

Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic↗
PubMed1977

Psychological aspects of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

This paper describes a number of psychological variables useful in the care of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. Attention to these factors does not replace destroyed lung tissue. Yet such efforts can lead to meaningful improvement in performance for many patients. The prolongation of life is not the only goal of comprehensive care. Equally important to the patient and his family are efforts to function as well and as comfortably as possible throughout the remainder of his life.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1977

Multidisciplinary treatment of chronic pulmonary insufficiency. 3. The effect of physical training on cardiopulmonary performance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

We examined the effect of physical training on cardiopulmonary function in 21 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and compared the results with similar observations in eight untrained patients. The training consisted of daily walking on a treadmill at increasing speeds and grades and other graded physical exercises. Evaluation of pulmonary function, including spirometric studies, lung volumes, and arterial blood gas levels, showed no significant change after training. Hemodynamic functions, including heart rate, cardiac index, stroke index, pulmonary vascular resistance, and arteriovenous oxygen content difference, were similarly unchanged at comparable submaximal loads. Pulmonary arterial wedge pressure increased after training in the treated group at rest and during exercise, but this may be related to changes in respiratory mechanics. Consumption of oxygen and minute ventilation decreased in the treated group during treadmill exercise, suggesting improved neuromuscular coordination and efficiency of walking on the treadmill. Total work performed on the treadmill increased significantly in the trained group. This increase was unexplained by physiologic observations but was thought to be due in part to increased efficiency of walking and increased motivation. We conclude that improvement in the capacity for exercise following physical training for four weeks is not associated with improvement in cardiopulmonary function at submaximal exercise.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1977

Multidisciplinary treatment of chronic pulmonary insufficiency. 4. The influence of intrathoracic pressure variations on increases in pulmonary vascular pressure during exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

In the present era of direct monitoring of pressure in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), an appreciation of all factors that may influence the observed pulmonary vascular pressures is essential. Our study examines the impact of respiratory variations in intrathoracic pressure on the recorded pulmonary vascular pressures in 28 patients with COPD. Althouth pulmonary hypertension was present in only nine subjects at rest, all had an abnormal increase in the mean pulmonary arterial pressure during supine exercise. In 15 subjects, this abnormal response was, in part, related to an increase in pulmonary arterial wedge pressure to 15 mm Hg or more. The increase in pulmonary arterial wedge pressure was directly related to the amplitude of the peak-to-peak respiratory variation of such wedge pressure. This variation correlated with the specific airway resistance but was not related to the arterial oxygen pressure or pulmonary vascular resistance. These findings indicate the important influence of exaggerated respiratory effort on the measurement of pulmonary arterial wedge pressure and mean pulmonary arterial pressure in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1977

Histoplasmosis.

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Antigens, Fungal↗
PubMed1973

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Nocardia species.

Variations of inoculum, pH, and composition of the agar assay media each influenced the in vitro susceptibility of Nocardia organisms (30 strains of N. asteroides and 6 strains of N. brasiliensis) to one or more antimicrobial agents incorporated in solid agar and incubated at 37 C for 48 h. Among newer antimicrobial agents, doxycycline, minocycline, and 7-halogenated lincomycin analogues exhibited the most consistent in vitro inhibitory activity; among older agents, viomycin, erythromycin, and streptomycin exhibited more selective in vitro inhibitory activity, but against a significant percentage of strains tested. N. brasiliensis was conspicuously more susceptible to erythromycin and gentamicin and more resistant to viomycin and capreomycin than was N. asteroides. Cycloserine demonstrated no significant in vitro inhibitory activity when assayed in appropriately augmented alanine-free medium. The outstanding feature of this in vitro survey was the marked variation in susceptibility among individual strains of N. asteroides, which variation deserves more careful consideration in future clinical or experimental therapeutic trials.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗