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Biomedical subjects

G Krantz

Publications and source records attributed to G Krantz.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Double exposure. The combined impact of domestic responsibilities and job strain on common symptoms in employed Swedish women.

BACKGROUND: This study investigated the influence of domestic responsibility and job strain, and especially simultaneous exposure to these factors (i.e. 'double exposure') on common physical and mental symptoms in Swedish women. METHODS: A questionnaire containing items on socio-economic factors, domestic responsibilities, and psychosocial working conditions was sent to a random population of women, 40 to 50 years of age, in a rural Swedish community. The response rate was 81.7% (397 women). Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to test for potential confounding factors and effect modification. Attributable risks were computed based on prevalence data. RESULTS: Women shouldering great domestic responsibility or who experienced job strain were at risk of a high level of common symptoms (OR 1.76; 1.04-2.97 and OR 3.48; 2.05-5.92, respectively). 'Double exposure' considerably increased the odds for common symptoms (OR 6.91; 2.58-18.48), with support for synergy noted. The population attributable risk (PAR) of great domestic responsibility was 10.0% and of job strain it was 26.7% in producing a high level of common symptoms. The corresponding figure for the population of women subjected to 'double exposure' was 11.8% and for the population of women subjected to either single or 'double exposure' the PAR was 30.3%. CONCLUSION: Heavy domestic responsibility and/or a job strain situation are factors that seem to make important contributions to the causes of a high level of common symptoms among salaried women 40 to 50 years of age. 'Double exposure' showed a particularly high risk because of synergy.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

The association between violence victimisation and common symptoms in Swedish women.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between violence and abuse suffered by women during childhood or adult life, and the manifestation of a high level of common physical and mental symptoms. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: A questionnaire was sent to a random population of women, 40 to 50 years of age, living in a rural Swedish community. The response rate was 81.7 per cent (397 women). Odds ratios were used to estimate bivariate associations between the experience of violence/abuse and common symptoms. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to test for confounding and effect modification. MAIN RESULTS: The experience of violence or abuse during childhood was reported by 32.2 per cent of the women, while 15.6 per cent reported being abused as an adult. In both cases, these experiences reached statistical significance in their association with a high level of common symptoms (OR=1.67; 95% CI 1. 08, 2.49 and OR=2.26; 95%CI 1.30, 3.92, respectively). The associations between childhood and as well adult experience of violence or abuse and common symptoms were largely independent of potential confounders such as unemployment, job strain, social support, and sense of coherence. The combined exposure to adult violence/abuse and low psychosocial coping resources, such as low social support or a low level of sense of coherence, considerably increased the odds ratio for common symptoms and a synergistic effect seemed to exist. CONCLUSION: Violence or abuse experience is an important factor when considering illness manifestations in terms of common symptoms in women 40 to 50 years of age.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2000

Common symptoms in middle aged women: their relation to employment status, psychosocial work conditions and social support in a Swedish setting.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: Over the past few decades there has been a growing interest among researchers, in women's overall life circumstances and their relation to women's health status. For example, paid employment has been considered an important part of women's living conditions in Western societies as the number of women entering the labour market has grown constantly over the past decades. When comparing men's and women's health, one of the most consistent findings is a higher rate of symptoms among women. The most commonly reported symptoms in women are depressive symptoms, symptoms of bodily tension and chronic pain from muscles and joints. The aim of this study was to investigate whether socioeconomic factors, employment status, psychosocial work conditions and social network/support are associated with middle aged women's health status in terms of common symptoms. DESIGN: A mailed questionnaire was used in a cross sectional design assessing socioeconomic factors, employment status, psychosocial work conditions according to the demand/control model, social network/support and an index based on the 15 most frequent symptoms presented by middle aged women when seeking health care. SETTING: A rural community with 13,200 inhabitants in the western part of Sweden. PARTICIPANTS: Women were randomly selected from the general population in the study area, 40 to 50 years of age. The response rate was 81.7 per cent. MAIN RESULTS: Women who were non-employed had a significantly increased odds of a high level of common symptoms (OR = 2.82; 95% confidence intervals 1.69, 4.70), as well as women exposed to job strain (OR = 3.27; 1.92, 5.57), independently of the level of social network/support. Furthermore, exposure to low social support, low social anchorage or low social participation independently showed significantly increased odds of a high level of common symptoms (OR = 2.75; 1.71, 4.42; OR = 2.91; 1.81, 4.69 and OR = 1.69; 1.10, 2.61, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Work related factors, such as non-employment and job strain, and circumstances within the private sphere, such as social network/support, seem equally important for middle aged women's health status. These findings ought to have important policy implications and also to be of major importance in a primary health care setting when meeting women who seek health care because of common symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Women's health: do common symptoms in women mirror general distress or specific disease entities?

UNLABELLED: The purpose of this study was to determine aspects of validity of a short self-report inventory, based on physical and psychological symptoms that, according to other studies, are most prevalent in women. It was hypothesized that such symptoms form a single entity, which would be consistent with the view that they represent a proxy for general distress in women. METHOD: One hundred and one women were approached, all of whom filled in the "common symptoms in the general population of women" (CSGP) instrument and the multidimensional self-report inventory Symptom Check List 90 (SCL90) for external comparison. The results indicate that the CSGP scale has high internal consistency (alpha = 0.80). The strongest correlations were found between the CSGP scale and the SCL90 subscales assessing "somatization", "depression" and "anxiety". In the factor analysis, the items on the CSGP scale were widely dispersed among the factors represented by the main SCL90 subscales, and therefore could not be considered to represent any particular subscale. Our conclusion is that the CSGP scale seems to assess a single entity. Other researchers suggest that such an entity represent a proxy for general distress in women. This will have implications for the interpretation of the common symptoms represented by the scale, which women report in clinical settings.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Health developments for Scandinavian women].

The article reports developments in health status among women in four Nordic countries, based upon data published in the Swedish Public Health and two research reports, one Danish the other Nordic. The mean life expectancy of Danish women has fallen and, in an international comparison restricted to OECD countries, was shown only to be higher than that of women in Turkey or Ireland. A similar health development is manifest among women in Norway and Sweden, increasing class differences being a common feature. The mean life expectancy of Finnish women exceeds that of Finnish men by eight years.

Aged↗