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Biomedical subjects

G Klosinski

Publications and source records attributed to G Klosinski.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Questions of guidance and supervision at the beginning of psychotherapy in children and adolescents.

Firstly, the significance of the establishment of a positive working alliance in children and adolescents at the beginning of a potential psychotherapy is described. Secondly, questions of supervision by means of psychodramatic treatment of transitional situations are discussed. (1) Children and adolescents are mostly presented by the parents and initially have no or hardly any motivation for psychotherapy. The author therefore recommends inter alia a ten-wish phantasy game at the first encounter with the child or adolescent irrespective of the reason for presentation by the parents. The possibility of being able to express ten wishes or changes which a fairy or a magician would fulfill for the child encourages the patient to name the most diverse levels and dimensions of his/her psychological reality and to reflect it in the form of wishes. The therapist thus provides space for yearnings and compensatory 'counterworlds', frequently leading to a positive contact in a subsequent dialog about the wishes. (2) In training, the young psychotherapist is often not aware of his transference and countertransference relationship. Psychodramatic role play in a supervised colleague group or in the development of a psychodramatic 'family sculpture' may frequently clarify the situation quickly by own experience and by 'psychodramatic reflection technique'.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Regulation of visiting rights against the will of the pubescent? The assessor as mediator?

A regulation of visiting rights after separation or divorce against the explicitly expressed wish of the children will always be problematic and mostly an enforced practised visiting of the parent without the rights of custody will be avoided. This the more so, if the children are already in pubescence or adolescence. If the parent without the rights of custody wants to get into contact with his adolescent children or maintain already existing contact, the dynamic of relationship in this phase of detachment from the family home as well as the dynamic of the process of finding individuality has to be kept in mind. The assessor should then not only describe the present situation of the relationships of the broken up family, but also try to sound out actively in how far during the process of finding individuality and separation movement into one or the other direction is possible and desirable. With the help of a case example this shall be shown and discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Oral stereotypes in school children].

When children are asked about school, most say they look forward to it. Not a few children, however, experience feelings of insecurity about school, and in particular starting school. Some are even afraid, and in some cases the child is unable to cope with its fears alone. An orthodontist must reckon with continual or periodical school problems when planning therapy. These difficulties are an essential element of the child's psycho-social world, although by no means the sole element. The relationship between oral stereotypes in school-age children and the necessity of parent counseling or psychological/psychiatric aid for the child is investigated on the basis of clinical reports.

Child↗
PubMed1990

Ecclesiogenic neuroses and psychoses in adolescence. On the complicated detachment problems of adolescents from rigorously moralizing, Christian-religious movements.

In the child and adolescent psychiatric department of Bern University Clinic, between 1982 and 1986 42 adolescent male and female patients were admitted for in-patient treatment. 9 of them (21.4%) came from Christian-religious sects. This was all the more surprising as the proportion of marginal Christian-religious groups in the population was 1.4% in the population census in the canton Bern in December 1980. This noticeably over-proportional accumulation was taken as a reason for carrying out an analysis of the case histories. It was shown that the patients from the circles of Christian sects became either obsessive-compulsive neurotically, anorectically or psychotically ill in puberty and that a very strictly moralizing upbringing by the parents was present which led to an aggravation of the relation conflict with the parents in the detachment and separation-process in puberty. By means of three case reports the problem of ecclesiogenic neuroses and ecclesiogenic psychoses in adolescence was gone into and the conclusion was made that the religious conflicts must be given increased attention in the therapeutic dealings with the patients concerned with the inclusion of members of the family and also persons of reference outside the family.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Oral habits in small children].

The correction of oral stereotypes when children still have their milk teeth is known to be a rewarding measure in the prophylaxis of dental anomalies. Based on clinical examples, questions concerning the methodology and necessity of mechanical intervention are discussed along with favourable times for such action. The casuistic discussion supports the following conclusions: 1. Oral stereotypes that remain persistent beyond the third year do not necessarily lead to dentition deformities. 2. The favourable moment to offer small children aid in getting rid of their habit is not necessarily a matter of chronological or dental age, but depends rather more on the phase of personality development the child is going through at the time.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1989

Travellers in five worlds: adolescents with Ganser's syndrome.

A 14 year-old youth, who underwent an odyssey through various institutions is described in the image of Ganser's Syndrome. The writers point out the problematical nature of establishing a diagnosis, which they ultimately want to be understood as an exclusion diagnosis. The differential-diagnostic considerations are gone into and the necessity of the co-operation of various institutions is pointed out. The writers suggest a psychodynamic way of viewing the depicted symptoms and signs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Development and family environment in compulsive neurotic children and adolescents: a retrospective and comparative study].

In a retrospective study the patient histories of 113 children and adolescents who received outpatient (89 cases) or inpatient (24 cases) treatment from 1973 to 1984 in the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Tübingen with the diagnosis "compulsive neurosis" were examined in terms of the criteria personality development, family structure, frequency of certain forms and contents of compulsory behavior, significance and symbolism of the compulsive behavior within the family dynamics. In addition, a comparison was made with the other patients (n = 8,774) receiving child and adolescent psychiatric treatment during this period. The ratio of boys to girls was 7.3. The average age was 13.8 years in the boys and 12.6 years in the girls. The youngest patient was four years old. Compulsive washing was the predominant compulsive behavior in all age groups. Compulsive fears were most frequently manifested in fears about the mother, followed by poisoning and hypochondriac fears. Compulsive impulses were only found from prepuberty. In the girls they were always directed to killing the mother. The analysis of personality development revealed that there were indications of special features in the anal phase in only three cases. On the other hand, special events of pathoplastic significance were found in half of the patients. In about 33%, anancastic characteristics were present in the parents (eight parents were manifestly subject to compulsive neurosis). Conflict avoidance and ambitious demands on the children concerned were typical in the families. In contrast to the reference population, the compulsively neurotic children and adolescents were of average intelligence, frequently attended higher schools and belonged to a higher social class.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Child and adolescent psychiatry aspects of animal abuse (a comparison with aggressive patients in child and adolescent psychiatry)].

Among 1502 aggressive children and adolescents who had been presented and treated at the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry at the University of Tübingen there were 25 who had been cruel to animals. These were exclusively boys (23 out of 25). The age distribution of the zoosadists showed an increased incidence in 13, 17 and 18 year olds which is connected with problems of puberty, group constraints and proving virility. Compared with a control group of "only aggressive" patients, organic brain damage owing to complications of pregnancy or delivery, overtaxing upbringing by the parents and absence of a positive father figure could be demonstrated in the zoosadists. The hypothesis that aggressive children and adolescents have less chance to live out their aggressions in interpersonal relations use zoosadism as "evasion aggression" could only be confirmed in part. One third of the zoosadists showed additional disorders of sexual behaviour and the sexual-sadistic component was manifested in the zoosadistic action.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Parent personality, family status and family dynamics in anorexia nervosa patients with special reference to father-daughter relations (a retrospective study)].

The present study was part of a large-scale retrospective comparative study on 103 pubertal patients with anorexia nervosa who were treated as outpatients and/or inpatients at the Pediatric and Youth Psychiatry Division of the University of Tübingen between 1979 and 1984. In the present substudy, a more detailed analysis was made of the data on the marriage and family situation, the personality structure of the parents, and the mother-daughter and father-daughter relationships. The findings do not support the hypothesis that individuals with anorexia nervosa have dominant mothers and weak fathers. A symbiotically close mother-daughter relationship with elements of aggression was found in about 75% of the subjects studied. In the fathers, the autoritarian-dominant type predominated. Slightly less that 17% of the fathers could be characterized as being weak and passive. Protestant patients were overrepresented in the population studied, and brothers were underrepresented. Both the high percentage of daughters who rejected their fathers in an aggressive way (33.3%) and the high percentage with a pronounced oedipal problem with their fathers (44.5%) led us to conclude that the father-daughter relationship has a significance which should not be overlooked in the context of anorexia development and symptom-maintaining dynamic features. In the light of these findings, the stereotype of a pathognomonic family constellation with a dominant mother or grandmother that is widespread in the literature is not tenable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Creativity in adolescence].

The phenomen of transitory artistic creativity in adolescence is discussed. Although adolescents have the same qualities as adults their artistic productivity varies. Various concepts of creativity as found in the literature are discussed, especially those comparing adult and adolescent personality. The different developmental stages of adolescence correspond to different stages of creativity which are the products of various ego stages and ego defense mechanisms during the three adolescent periods.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Psychological maltreatment in the context of separation and divorce.

Children of separating or divorcing parents seldom escape suffering psychological stress, particularly when the parents are in open conflict. How much should such children be allowed to suffer? The author discusses the problem of defining the terms "emotional child abuse" and "psychological maltreatment" as they are used in the literature. Reviewing the common behavioral patterns that children in this situation resort to and the roles that they tend to take upon themselves, he attempts to distinguish between those instances of stress that can be regarded as acceptable and those that must be considered harmful. With respect to children in this situation, the following behavior patterns are discussed: (a) the inclination of the child to sacrifice itself for the sake of the parents, in particular for the "weaker" one; (b) the tendency of the children to reach agreements among themselves about how they should be divided up; (c) the phenomenon of parentization in which the child assumes the role of the substitute partner for one or the other parent; and (d) the child's discovery of both its power and its helplessness with respect to the situation and the feelings of guilt awakened by this discovery.

Adolescent↗