Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G Klose

Publications and source records attributed to G Klose.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Optical detection of phase transitions in simple and mixed lipid-water phases.

A simple method for the detection of phase transitions in lipid-water systems by recording the intensity of the transmitted light through a sample placed between crossed polarizers as a function of the temperature was developed. A very small amount of lipid material is sufficient for its effective application. Two zwitterionic lipids in water, dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DPPE) as well as their mixtures were studied by means of this method. The results were compared with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) data and a good correspondence was established. A phase diagram of the DPPC-DPPE mixture is constructed. This study also throws additional light on the nature of the 'pretransition' of DPPC.

Birefringence↗
PubMed1982

Increased serum phospholipids in epileptic children treated with phenobarbitone.

Plasma lipid concentration and post-heparin lipolytic activity in twenty-two epileptic children treated either with phenobarbitone or sodium valproate were evaluated. An increase of phospholipid was observed in whole blood as well as in the low-density nd high-density lipoproteins in patients undergoing phenobarbitone treatment. No change was found in subjects treated with sodium valproate. The enzyme activities were slightly, but not statistically significantly, increased in the two groups compared with the control subjects.

Child↗
PubMed1980

Purification of human plasma lipoprotein lipase.

Human plasma lipoprotein lipase was purified in a highly active form. Addition of the non-ionic detergent Triton X-100 led to stabilization of enzyme activity during the purification procedure. Antithrombin III, the major contaminant after affinity chromatography with heparin-Sepharose 4B, could be removed by gel filtration on Bio-Gel A-5m. The application of Tris-glycine buffer in the absence of denaturating agents allowed identification of the protein band corresponding to lipoprotein lipase activity on polyacrylamide gels.

Buffers↗
PubMed1980

[Lipid lowering treatment and regression of arteriosclerosis (author's transl)].

The pathogenesis of arteriosclerosis is unknown. As etiological factors which are associated with early development of arteriosclerosis hyperlipemia, cigarette smoking and hypertension are undisputed. More recently studies which show substantial pointers to regression of arteriosclerosis have become more numerous. It has been demonstrated by animal experiments that arteriosclerotic changes can be induced by a diet rich in cholesterol and furthermore can be brought to remission by low fat feeding and/or lipid lowering substances. Indirect pointers to regression, slower or no progressiveness of arteriosclerosis in man have been provided by autopsy findings and epidemiological studies. It has also been recorded angiographically that arteriosclerotic changes can be made to regress by a lipid lowering treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Acute dietary effects on plasma lipids, lipoproteins and lipolytic enzymes in healthy normal males.

Diurnal plasma lipids and lipoproteins were studied in twelve healthy young males on corn oil and palm oil diets, respectively. The major triglyceridy. Lecithin-cholesterol acyl transferase, lipoprotein lipase and hepatic triglyceride lipase were also measured. diurnal changes of triglycerides and cholesterol were confined to lipoproteins of d less than 1.006 kg/l. There was a diurnal rise of lecithin-cholesterol acyl transferase activity with corn oil but not with palm oil. Fasting and postprandial postheparin lipoprotein lipase and hepatic triglyceride lipase were similar but there was a significant correlation of postprandial hepatic lipase with postprandial plasma triglycerides on palm oil. Marked diurnal changes of triglyceride fatty acids were observed not only in 'very low density lipoprotein' but also in high-density lipoprotein amounting to approximately one third of total high density lipoprotein triglyceride fatty acids.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Comparison between combination therapy with clofibrate and beta-pyridylcarbinol and clofibrate monotherapy (author's transl].

In order to determine whether the lipid-lowering effect of combined treatment with clofibrate and beta-Pyridylcarbinol exceeds that of clofibrate monotherapy, a double-blind crossover study was performed. 17 patients with primary hyperlipoproteinemia of Type IIa and 10 patients with primary hyperlipoproteinemia of Type IIb received either Lipofacton (1.000 mg clofibrate and 50 mg beta-pyridylcarbinol per day) or clofibrate (1.500 mg per day) for a period of 6 weeks each. Before beginning therapy and between both periods of medication, placebo was administered for 14 days. In both total plasma and in the LDL fraction the cholesterol level was lowered by less than 10% for both substances. In patients with hyperlipoproteinemia of Type IIb, the triglyceride levels were lowered by about 40%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Drug treatment of primary hyperlipoproteinemia (author's transl)].

Cardiovascular disease has become the major cause of death in the Western countries. There is strong evidence that elevations of serum lipids contribute to the pathogenesis of premature atherosclerosis. The classification of the hyperlipoproteinemias has been most beneficial as a guide to development of dietary and pharmacological regimens for lowering serum lipid concentrations. The results of dietary and drug prevention trials are discussed. Insight into the mechanisms involved in lipoprotein metabolism as well as the mode of action and of side-effects of hypolipidemic drugs is reviewed. Using present knowledge of heart disease research, it is reasonable to suggest dietary and drug treatments for the high risk patient.

Anion Exchange Resins↗
PubMed1978

Secondary type II hyperlipoproteinemia in patients with anorexia nervosa.

In 18 patients with anorexia nervosa, plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentral concentrations were repeatedly determined over a period of 14 mo. In 11 patients elevated cholesterol concentrations were found which were due to an increase of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, whereas high-density lipoprotein and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were in the normal range. The elevated cholesterol values did not correlate with clinical and laboratory parameters such as the degree of weight loss and thyroid function tests. In follow-up studies it could be shown that in patients who regained their original weight, elevated plasma cholesterol concentrations fell to normal levels parallel to weight increase. In patients who showed no change in weight, however, cholesterol levels remained high. The cause for this secondary type II hyperlipoproteinemia in anorexia nervosa is not known. Hepatic triglyceride lipase and lipoprotein lipase activities in post-heparin plasma were found to be low despite normal triglyceride concentrations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Selective deficiency of hepatic triglyceride lipase in uremic patients.

To investigate the pathogenesis of hypertriglyceridemia in patients with renal disease we measured plasma lipoprotein composition as well as hepatic triglyceride lipase and lipoprotein lipase in post-heparin plasma. Three groups with renal disease were studied: conservatively treated chronic uremia; patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis; and renal-allograft recipients. A selective decrease of hepatic triglyceride lipase with normal lipoprotein lipase was found in conservatively treated uremia and in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Elevated levels of very-low-density lipoproteins and increased triglycerides in low-density lipoproteins occurred in these patients. In contrast, hepatic triglyceride lipase and lipoprotein lipase were both normal in patients after renal transplantation who had Type II hyperlipoproteinemia as a common lipoprotein pattern with increased low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol and decreased high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. The accumulation of a triglyceride-rich low-density lipoprotein in the majority of patients with renal disease may be the consequence of low hepatic triglyceride lipase.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Lipid-protein-interactions of human apolipoproteins-structural aspects and models of lipoproteins (author's transl)].

The plasma lipoproteins are complex macromolecular structures which play an essential role in fat transport and in energy and membrane metabolism of higher organized organisms. Much has been learned in the last decade about the structural and functional interrelationships of the different lipoprotein classes. Their protein moieties, the so-called apolipoproteins, have been purified and characterized, the primary structure of four of them is known. Initial recombination experiments showed a considerable potential of the (unfractionated) lipoprotein protein to bind to lipids and to form particles similar to native lipoproteins. Further binding experiments performed in several laboratories with the purified A- and C-apolipoproteins and different physico-chemically well defined lipids have lead to the identification of lipid binding sites within the protein molecules and the formation of amphipathic helices upon and during lipid binding. This possible common mechanism of lipid-protein fractions forms the basis of a recently proposed model of one lipoprotein class, namely the high density lipoproteins (HDL). The significance of protein-protein-interactions in the formation and maintenance of these lipoprotein particles is still unknown. Whether disturbed lipid protein interactions lead to structural and/or functional alterations of the corresponding lipoproteins is a topic of discussion. The pertinent literature is listed in this paper and the physiological relevance of these studies and their clinical aspects will be presented.

Apolipoproteins↗
PubMed1977

Benzene-lecithin interaction interaction in lecithin-benzene solutions. Part L Magnetic deuterium relaxation studies.

2D relaxation times of deuterobenzene in lecithin-benzene solutions were measured at 4.4 and 11 MHz with respect to concentration and temperature. At the temperature of the transition from the micellar solution to the gel state the relaxation behaviour was drastically changed. Analysis of the experimental results performed on the basis of familiar relaxation theory shows that there are sites at which benzene interacts with lecithin in the micellar solution as well as in the gel state. The interaction enthalpies and entropies determined for the two benzene species existing in the gel state are--1.3 kcal/mol,--20 eu and--3.1 kcal/mol, --24 eu.

Benzene↗
PubMed1977

Secondary hypertriglyceridaemia in patients with parenchymal liver disease.

Hypertriglyceridaemia occurring in patients with liver disease has been studied by measuring hepatic triglyceride lipase (H-TGL) and plasma lipoprotein lipase (LPL) by selective precipitation of H-TGL with specific antibodies. Lipid analysis, determination of lecithin-cholesterol-acyltransferase (LCAT) activity, and liver function tests were performed in parallel in fifty patients with acute hepatitis, twenty patients with chronic active or persistent hepatitis and fifty with cirrhosis of the liver. Total post-heparin lipolytic activity (PHLA) decreased with the severity of liver dysfunction. This decrease was due to low H-TGL and only to some degree to low LPL activity. With improvement over several weeks of hospitalization, hypertriglyceridaemia disappeared with a concomitant increase of H-TGL and LPL. It is concluded that impaired triglyceride metabolism in liver disease is at least partly caused by diminished plasma hepatic TGL activity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Sitosterol in familial hyperlipoproteinemia type II. A randomized double-blind cross-over study].

The effect of beta-sitosterol on the lipid and lipoprotein level was evaluated in a randomised double-blind cross-over trial in 24 patients with primary familial type II hyperlipoproteinaemia over a period of 16 weeks. All patients completed the trial, however 10 of them had to be excluded from the evaluation due to fluctuations of their body weight or unreliable drug intake. Sitosterol lowered the total cholesterol level by 12.5% (P less than 0.01) from 9.96 mmol/l (3.69 g/l) to 8.37 mmol/l (3.23 g/l). The LDL-cholesterol level was lowered by 19.5% (P less than 0.05). The sitosterol concentration in plasma was consistently lower than 0.3% of total cholesterol. No side effects or tachyphylaxis was observed in the course of the trial. A return to normal of an increased serum cholesterol level by a combination of a lipid lowering diet and sitosterol monotherapy was only achieved in one patient.

Adolescent↗