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Biomedical subjects

G Klein

Publications and source records attributed to G Klein.

At least 1,045 records · Page 58Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Herpesvirus papio: state of viral DNA in baboon lymphoblastoid cell lines.

Baboon lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL) transformed with herpesvirus papio were evaluated for the state of HVP DNA in the cells by caesium chloride density-gradient centrifugation and DNA-cRNA filter hybridization. Five HVP producer cultures and one non-producer culture were studied and non-integrated and integrated HVP DNA were detected in all producer cultures whereas only integrated HVP DNA could be demonstrated in the non-producer LCL. Non-integrated HVP dna had a density of 1.715--1.716 g/cm3 in caesium chloride corresponding to a guanine + cytosine content of 56--57%.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Modulation of sensitivity to natural killer cell lysis after in vitro explantation of a mouse lymphoma.

On the basis of studies indicating that natural killer (NK) cells of the mouse can selectively kill certain syngenetic, allogeneic, and xenogeneic tumor cells in short-term Cr release assays and that cell lines established in vitro are more sensitive than the corresponding ascites tumor cells passaged in vivo, the kinetics of the modulation to increased sensitivity was studied after in vitro explanation of the A/Sn mouse-derived YAC ascites lymphoma. Sensitivity to NK lysis appeared after 3 weeks of culturing and reached the level of the continuously cultured line after 2 months. With the more sensitive competition assay, a change could be demonstrated as early as 2--24 hours of culture. The expression of the Moloney murine leukemia virus-determined, cell-surface antigen, measured by quantitative absorption with intact cells, increased in parallel with the NK sensitivity. In contrast, the H-2 alloantigen concentration decreased during in vitro culture.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Tracheobronchial cytologic changes in malignant melanoma.

Histiocytes counted in smears made from the tracheobronchial washings of 208 patients with malignant melanomas were found to be 3.12 times more numerous than in a control group comparable in sex, age (decades), and smoking habit but without any type of prediagnosed malignant lesion. The discovery of this phenomenon may lead to the development of a new method for the evaluation of therapeutic methods in patients with melanotic lesions. It may open novel pathways for the investigation of cell-mediated immunity in patients with certain forms of malignant disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Cosmic ray effects on the eyes of rats flown on Cosmos No. 782, experimental K-007.

The eyes from six rats were fixed at the recovery site in Russia after they had circled the earth for 19.5 d in a 62.8 degree orbit. The eyes of six more flight rats were fixed 25 d later. These two preparations and eyes exposed to 1000 rad of neon and argon were compared to obtain data on possible radiation effects on the retina. Most of the flight eye tissue was normal; however, necrotic nuclei were found in the outer nuclear layer and channels were located in the outer segment area. Macrophages were seen between the pigment layer and outer segments. Comparison of the Day zero znd 25-d postflight eyes suggested some possible recovery. Light flashes seen by space travelers and damage from cosmic rays appear to arise from two different sites of interaction. The flashes are created by cosmic ray transversal of the outer segments while pathologic change, when it occurs, is quite possibly from interaction with some part of the nucleus. Nevertheless, direct interaction with other cellular components could also occur. Other factors, such as secondaries from spacecraft shielding, may play an important role.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Hemodynamic effects of cutaneously administered isosorbide dinitrate ointment.

With a view to testing the hemodynamic effects of a 10% isosorbide dinitrate ointment, about 40 mg of the drug was applied to the skin of nine cardiologically healthy volunteers. The ensuing hemodynamic changes were followed up for six hours by means of noninvasive techniques including echocardiography. As early as 30 min after drug application, significant decreases in heart rate, cardiac output, systolic blood pressure and intracardiac diameters were recorded. Only systolic blood pressure had returned to initial values by the end of the observation period. Isosorbide dinitrate ointment diminished myocardial oxygen consumption for a duration beyond six hr, by reducing pressure and heart-rate work of the left ventricle.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1978

Intra- and interspecies reactivity of human and mouse natural killer (NK) cells.

Natural killer (NK) cells can kill certain syngeneic, allogeneic and xenogeneic tumor targets in short-term 51Cr release assays. In the present study, intra- and interspecies NK activity was analyzed. Ten mouse and five human tissue culture lines were used. In direct cytolytic assays with mouse spleen cells or human PBL effectors, intraspecies was much stronger than interspecies reactivity, as a rule. A certain interspecies activity was obtained, stronger in mouse anti-human (M alpha H) than in human anti-mouse (H alpha M) combinations. In the H alpha M system, activity was associated with the same type of PBL-derived non-B-non-T cell fraction as in the intraspecies H alpha H system. The non-B-non-T cell nature of the M alpha H killer cell has been demonstrated previously. Nonlabeled tumor cells were allowed to compete with isotope-labeled targets in intra- and interspecies cytolytic NK tests. NK-sensitive tumor lines of the same species were superior to xenogeneic competitors in both M alpha M and H alpha H tests. In the M alpha M assay, the competing ability of the same human tumors varied, depending on the genotype of the mouse effector cells. None of the human lines tested competed effectively with strain CBA effectors but some showed a certain competition with C57BL effectors. In the H alpha H assay, strong competition was seen with two of the 10 xenogeneic mouse tumors tested.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

The association between undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma and Epstein-Barr virus shown by correlated nucleic acid hybridization and histopathological studies.

All of 51 undifferentiated carcinomas of the nasopharynx were EBV-DNA-positive and, in the few tests performed, EBNA-positive as well. Most of these patients also had high anti-EBV [VCA and EA (D)] antibody titres. Of four patients that had somewhat differentiated NPCs, two were EBV-DNA-positive with a corresponding serological picture, whereas two were negative with an EBV serology comparable to that of healthy donors. Of seven lymphomas localized in the nasopharynx, one was EBV-DNA-positive and corresponded histologically to Burkitt's lymphoma, whereas six others were EBV-DNA-negative. Fourteen head and neck carcinomas outside the nasopharynx were all EBV-DNA-negative. These results confirm the consistent and unique association of EBV DNA with undifferentiated carcinomas of the nasopharynx.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1977

Chromosome banding, isoenzyme studies and determination of Epstein-Barr virus DNA content on human Burkitt lymphoma/mouse hybrids.

Four independently fused hybrid clones derived from a cross between the mouse mammary carcinoma TA3Ha and the human Burkitt lymphoma line Daudi were tested for the EBV-determined nuclear antigen (EBNA), EBV-DNA and the presence of human chromosomes, in the course of serial propagation in vitro. EBNA and EBV-DNA were lost in parallel with the loss of human chromosomes. It seems that the persistence of EB-viral genetic information does not require the presence of a specific human chromosome(s) in this particular hybrid combination.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Detection of a nuclear, EBNA-type antigen in apparently EBNA-negative Herpesvirus papio (HVP)-transformed lymphoid lines by the acid-fixed nuclear binding technique.

In agreement with the findings of previous authors, we could not detect a virally determined nuclear antigen in Herpesvirus papio (HVP)-transformed baboon lymphoid lines by anticomplementary staining in situ, as for EBNA. However, by means of our recently developed acid-fixed nuclear binding technique an EBNA-like antigen could be readily demonstrated, after extraction from both producer and non-producer lines. We propose to designate the antigen as HUPNA. It can be detected by a human anti-EBNA antibody, suggesting cross-reactivity, if not identity, between EBNA and HUPNA. HVP-DNA carrying non-producer lines, negative for in situ ACIF stainability but capable of yielding HUPNA by the nuclear binding technique, can be superinfected with EBV, with brilliant EBNA expression as the result, suggesting that the defective in situ staining is a property associated with the baboon HVP, rather than the baboon lymphoid cell per se.

Acetates↗