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Biomedical subjects

G Kessler

Publications and source records attributed to G Kessler.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Cardiac arrhythmias in end-stage renal disease.

In 16 patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), 24-hour electrocardiographic recordings showed an incidence of supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias similar to that in patients who had had myocardial infarction and in low-risk subjects. Eight patients (50%) with ESRD had supraventricular complexes. This incidence was significantly higher than that after myocardial infarction (P < .001). Fifteen ESRD patients (94%) had premature ventricular complexes (PVCs), including nine (56%) with complex PVCs (multiform PVCs, couplets, or runs). The incidence of PVCs as well as complex PVCs in patients with ESRD was comparable to that of the patients who had had myocardial infarction but was significantly higher than that found in low-risk subjects (P less than .005 for PVCs and P less than .05 for complex PVCs). The high incidence of complex PVCs in patients with ESRD may predispose them to increased cardiovascular death, and further investigation of this finding is indicated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[The amino acid picture--studies on stored blood].

In 6 blood units with increased duration of storage alterations of amino acid levels were measured. Total amino acid concentration rises to 27%, while the amount of essential amino acids increases to 11% The E/T-quotient decreases slightly; so does the quotient of essential to non essential amino acids. The changes of concentrations of amino acids in stored whole blood can deteriorate the metabolic situation of patients with disorders of liver or kidney function. These patients as well as intensive care patients, in whom insufficiency of liver and kidney often is seen, should get transfusions of packed cells instead of whole blood.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1980

A clinically applicable high-pressure liquid chromatographic method for measurement of serum theophylline, with detailed evaluation of interferences.

A high-pressure liquid chromatographic method for the routine measurement of serum theophylline that is accurate, specific, and sensitive is presented. It is technically simple, requires only 50 microliter serum, and takes relatively little technician time. Values for theophylline in sera obtained by this method correlate well with those obtained by use of a gas-liquid chromatographic method (r = 0.980) and with values obtained by the commonly used spectrophotometric method (r = 0.939) when the latter is free of interference. The assay has been employed for two years in a routine clinical chemistry laboratory, with interassay coefficients of variation of 2.4-3.2%. Interferences have been identified at an incidence rate of 3.8% of all specimens, and interfering substances include cephazolin, chloramphenicol, sulfamethoxazole, and sulfisoxazole. A calculation technic that allows a reliable and clinically useful estimation of a range of concentrations of theophylline in the serum when these interferences are present is described. In contrast, the incidence of interferences with the spectrophotometric method is 4.9%, and in this method the interferences prevent the analysis of theophylline. Of 33 samples having interferences by use of the spectrophotometric method, the high-pressure liquid chromatographic technic yielded precise values for theophylline in 21 and reliable estimates of ranges of concentrations of theophylline in the remaining 12.

Cefazolin↗
PubMed1980

[Frequency of transfusion in lung resections (author's transl)].

Blood-transfusions are affected with considerable risks and undesirable reactions, for that reason the application of whole blood is indicated strictly. The comparison of transfusions in patients having undergone a lung resection showed a decrease in transfusions about 50 per cent in a period of 10 years. The reduction of transfusions is the result of an increased use of blood substitutes. Advantages and possibilities of hemodilution are discussed. The application of whole blood depends on preoperative hematocrit and calculated blood volume.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Assay of theophylline: comparison of EMIT on the ABA-100 to HPLC, GLC and UV procedures, with detailed evaluation of interferences.

The EMIT technique for theophylline measurement as adapted to the Abbott Bichromatic Analyzer (ABA-100), was compared to two other established procedures. EMIT results correlated well with those obtained with high pressure liquid chromatographic (HPLC) (r = 0.995, N = 54) and spectrophotometric (UV) (r = 0.95, N = 37) methods when the patient samples used were free of apparent interferences in the comparison methods. On samples exhibiting interferences with HPLC and/or UV methods, the EMIT assay gave the same results as a gas-liquid chromatographic procedure which showed no interferences. In addition, theophylline metabolites, xanthine analogs and many commonly administered drugs did not interfere with the EMIT theophylline assay. An interassay coefficient of variation of 3.5--6.5% was demonstrated. Our data indicate that the EMIT technique exhibits adequate precision and specificity for routine theophylline determinations. Unlike the HPLC or UV procedures, we have not encountered any interferences with the EMIT technique.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1979

A high-pressure liquid chromatography method for serum quinidine and (3S)-3-hydroxyquinidine.

A bonded reversed phase, high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for serum quinidine and its major metabolite in serum, (3S)-3-hydroxyquinidine, is presented. The method employs toluene, rather than benzene for extraction of 100 microliter of serum, can utilize either absorbance or fluorescence detectors, and utilizes a column and equipment which is also suitable for theophylline analyses. Quinidine values in sera by the present method correlated well with fluorometric non-chromatographic methods using ethylene chloride (r = 0.932) or benzene-sulfuric acid (r = 0.950) for extraction of the quinidine. The comparison data suggest a therapeutic range for quinidine of 1.3--5.0 mg/liter when measured by HPLC. In over one year of routine use in a clinical chemistry laboratory, the method has proven to be rapid and precise with interassay coefficients of variation of 2.5--5.5%. No interferences with the HPLC method have yet been identified.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1979

[Treatment of prostatic carcinoma stage C with combined perineal and transurethral cryosurgery (author's transl)].

31 patients with prostatic carcinoma stage C were treated by combined perineal and transurethral cryosurgery. Additionally in all patients a subcapsular orchiectomy was performed. A distinct tumour reduction was found in all patients. Six months after the freezing a palpable tumour could be detected only in 4 cases out of 29. At different time intervalls after the operation 57 biopsies of the prostate were obtained with the tru-cut-needle. In 14 patients no tumour tissue could be detected whereas tumour cells were found in the biopsies of the remaining patients. Combined perineal and transurethral cryosurgery therefore is a palliative form of treatment in prostatic carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Amino acids in parenteral feeding. I. The normal distribution of serum amino acids in healthy subjects.

Questions as to the utilisation of intravenously supplied amino-acids are answerable by determining nitrogen balances and by ascertaining the pattern of amino-acids in the serum of plasma. In a first study, the normal distribution was established for the individual serum amino-acids in 150 fasting test persons with a healthy metabolism. Sex-specific differences in concentration became clearly evident for the majority of amino-acids present in the serum.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Reflux-preventing gastric resection. An animal experiment study].

In 30 pigs the prevention of duodenogastric reflux following distal gastrectomy through different types of jejunal transposition or Roux-en-Y-gastroenterostomy was studied. The reflux was measured by determination of the intragastric amounts of bile acids and lysolecithin, and by the total number of glycerophosphatids. After distal gastrectomy and proximal selective vagotomy, isoperistaltic jejunal segments of different lengths were transposed between gastric remnant and duodenum. The reflux was normalized by 25-cm segments. Shorter segments led to no significant decrease of the reflux. The jejunal invagination of additional isoperistaltic valve did not have a significant effect. The same protection as from 25-cm segments was obtained by Roux-en-Y-gastrojejunostomy. The role of the duodenogastric reflux following gastrectomy for the gastric mucosa is disucssed. The necessity of the reparation of the pyloric function is shown.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Experimental study on the abortive effects of chlorinated hydrocarbon anaesthetics (author's transl)].

The effects of inhalation anaesthetics derived from chlorinated hydrocarbons (halothane, ethrane, penthrane) on foetal development were studied in pregnant rats. Administration of the anaesthetics during the main organogenetic stage did not affect foetal development; but application during the embryonic stage resulted in increased incidence of intra-uterine deaths and difficult deliveries. No malformations were observed.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1978

[Anaesthesia-induced malignant hyperthermia (author's transl)].

Two cases of anaesthesia-induced malignant hyperthermia are reported. One patient died; the other, a 29-years-old woman, recovered without ascertainable after-effects although high temperature persisted for a relatively long time. Suggestions for the early diagnosis of malignant hyperthermia are analysed and the problem of procaine dosage is briefly discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Gastroduodenostomy and duodenogastric reflux (author's transl)].

In 36 pigs the intragastric C14 bile acid reflux and the concentration of lysolecithin is measured following different types of hemigastrectomy and gastroduodenostomy. Termino-terminal, termino-lateral and supraduodenal termino-lateral anastomosisses were as well studied as an isoperistaltic jejunal transposition of 15 cm resp. 25 cm length.-After all types of direct gastroduodenostomy the amounts of intragastral C14 bile acids and lysolecithin were significantly elevated. An additional jejunal transposition decrease the reflux in relation to the length of the transposed jejunal segment. The importance of the duodenogastric reflex of bile acids and lysolecithin for the development of alkaline reflux gastritis and carcinoma of the gastric stump is discussed. For clinical purpose a replacement of the pyloric reflux barrier by a primary jejunal transposition in case of pylorectomy has to be discussed.

Animals↗