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Biomedical subjects

G Kang

Publications and source records attributed to G Kang.

52 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Stereotactic intratumour irradiation with nuclide for craniopharyngiomas.

OBJECTIVE: Craniopharyngiomas is a kind of intractable tumor in neurosurgery. Since the radical excision is very difficult and occasionally hazardous because of its deep location and close neighbouring to critical cerebral structures, it is necessary to look for a simple and effective method. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Stereotactic intratumour irradiation with instillation of nuclide colloid was performed in 220 patients with craniopharyngiomas (altogether 265 times), of whom, 130 were male and 90 female. Their ages ranged from 5 to 69 years. The syndromes of optic path's impairment were present in all of the patients. CT or MRI scan showed cystic tumour in 125 patients, solid and cystic in 80 and solid in 15. No severe complications and death were related to the operation. RESULTS: 150 patients were followed up for 2 months to 7 years (average 3.5 years). Tumours disappeared in 92 patients (61.4%), decreased dramatically in 20 (13.4%), decreased less than 50% in 19 (12.6%), and increased in 15 (10%); and there were 4 deaths (2.6%). CONCLUSIONS: Stereotactic intratumour irradiation with instillation of nuclide colloid is effective in the patients with craniopharyngiomas. Beta-emitting isotopes (P-32 and Y-90) are the preferred internal radiation source because of their limited penetration of the energy released and the greater ease of handling. A calculated dose of 20 000 rads to the cyst wall is recommended.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Evaluation of a simplified HEp-2 cell adherence assay for Escherichia coli isolated from south Indian children with acute diarrhea and controls.

A simplified HEp-2 cell adhesion assay was performed with stored Escherichia coli isolates from 761 children with acute diarrhea and 531 matched controls, and the results were evaluated by means of fluorescent actin staining and hybridization with DNA probes. The prevalence rates of localized adherence and aggregative adherence were significantly higher for patients (9.9 and 7.6%, respectively) than for controls (3.7 and 3.9%, respectively).

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

Retinal circulation times in branch retinal vein occlusion.

To investigate the retinal hemodynamics in branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO), we measured retinal circulation times using scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO) and studied their relationships with clinical findings. Arm-retina time (ART) and arteriovenous passage time (AVP) were measured in 30 eyes of 30 patients. Mean ART was 13.07 seconds. ART showed no difference in relation to sex and systemic diseases, but increased with age. Mean AVPs were 3.00 sec. and 3.39 sec. in superotemporal and inferotemporal BRVO, respectively. AVPs were delayed significantly in occluded branch of retinal veins. AVP was delayed three-fold when the area of capillary nonperfusion was over 6 disc area, but showed no difference according to the duration of disease or macular edema. These results suggest that SLO may be a useful tool for studying retinal hemodynamics in BRVO.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

A case of huge solitary angiomyolipoma of the liver.

A 32-year-old male patient, diagnosed as a hepatic solitary angiomyolipoma post-operatively, is reported. The tumor was well definedly inhomogenous fat density mass on ultrasonography, computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The lesion was hypervascular on arteriography. The diagnosis was confirmed by an extended right lobectomy and histological examination.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Adolescents' knowledge of medical terminology and family health history.

Compared 309 youths ages 11 to 15 years and their parents with respect to their comprehension of terms for seven common medical disorders: heart attack, stroke, atherosclerosis, ulcer, hypertension, diabetes, and cancer. For two thirds of the adolescent sample, accuracy of reporting of these disorders among the parents and grandparents was assessed. Results indicated considerable variation among disorders with respect to both comprehension of terms and accuracy of family health history. Adolescents' age was a major predictor of knowledge of medical terms (r = .41). Age was not related to accuracy of family health information. Consonant with this finding, adolescents' level of accuracy regarding family health history was generally similar to that of previous adult samples, suggesting that family health information is acquired and retained at an early age. Adolescents were more accurate concerning parents' compared with grandparents' history of hypertension.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Evaluation of modified passive haemagglutination assay for Vi antibody estimation in Salmonella typhi infections.

A simple passive haemmagglutination assay (PHA) was developed to detect Vi antibodies, to improve the diagnosis of typhoid fever by small laboratories. The Vi capsular antigen of Salmonella typhi was extracted by alternate alcohol and acetone precipitation. Formalin fixed, sheep red blood cells treated with chromium chloride were sensitised with this Vi antigen and antibodies detected and measured by PHA. The test had a sensitivity of 83.3% among 30 cases of typhoid fever confirmed by culture. The specificity of the test was 94%, making it suitable for use in laboratories without facilities for IFAT or ELISA.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1992

Surgical therapy of temporal lobe seizures.

Resection of epileptogenic lesions and pathological studies were performed in all 35 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, 20 male and 15 female. Their ages ranged from 6 to 48 years with an average of 22 years. Various examinations including CT scan were carried out without any positive finding. EEG showed spike formation in the temporal lobes in all 35 patients. Epilepsy lesions were removed from the right temporal lobe in 22 patients and from the left temporal lobe in 13 patients. Pathological changes were found in all epilepsy lesions by light and electron microscopy. The operative outcomes were seizure-free since discharge in 10 patients (28.5%), seizure-free after some early attacks (34.2%) in 12 patients, seizure-free for 2 or more years and then rare or occasional attacks in 6 patients (17.1%), marked reduction of seizures in 5 patients (14.5%) and moderate or less reduction of seizure tendency in 2 patients (5.7%), with an effective rate of 93%. No death or severe complications did occur.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intussusception in southern Indian children: lack of association with diarrheal disease and oral polio vaccine immunization.

BACKGROUND: Intussusception is the most common cause of intestinal obstruction in young children and has been reported as a complication of a recently withdrawn tetravalent reassortant rotavirus vaccine. METHODS: We studied the history, clinical presentation, management and outcome of intussusception presenting to a tertiary care hospital in southern India over a 10-year period, in order to assess potential association with diarrheal disease and immunization. RESULTS: Data from 137 index cases and 280 control subjects indicated that the risk of diarrheal disease or oral polio vaccine administration in the month prior to presentation was similar in the index cases and controls. Mean time to presentation to hospital after developing symptoms was 1.8 days, and 77.3% of patients required surgery, with 47.4% undergoing intestinal resection. Mortality was 0.006%. CONCLUSIONS: No association could be demonstrated between gastroenteritis or oral poliovirus vaccine immunization and intussusception in southern Indian children. These children presented later and required operative intervention more frequently than has been reported in other studies, but had a good outcome with low mortality.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The pathogenesis and laboratory diagnosis of infections caused by diarrhoea producing Escherichia coli.

Escherichia coli strains isolated from patients with diarrhoea are a heterogeneous group displaying several pathogenic mechanisms. Pathogenic E. coli cause disease by producing virulence factors, the genes for which are located on chromosomes, plasmids and phage genomes. This article reviews modern microbiological techniques which have enhanced our knowledge of the pathogenesis of infections caused by diarrhoeagenic E. coli and the various new diagnostic techniques available.

Bacteriological Techniques↗