Biomedical subjects

G K Shukla

Publications and source records attributed to G K Shukla.

18 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2003

Oxidant, vitamin A and angiogenic markers in laryngeal cancer patients.

In this study the status of oxidant stress, vitamin A and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) levels were evaluated in cases of laryngeal carcinoma patients from Northern India. In control subjects the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), vitamin A and ACE were 0.23 +/- 0.07 nmole/ml, 2515 +/- 84 IU, and 1.4 +/- 0.8 U/ml respectively. Thirty laryngeal cancer patients were divided into three groups according to the TNM classification (American Joint Committee on Cancers). In laryngeal cancer patients according to tumour size, MDA and ACE levels increased to 0.32 +/- 0.04 nmole/ml and 4.7 +/- 0.5 U/ml respectively and the effect was statistically significant (p<0.01). The correlation coefficient between different subgroups was also highly significant (r=0.96, p<0.01). However, serum vitamin A levels decreased to 621 +/- 20 IU and the effect was statistically significant (p<0.01). In another two groups of laryngeal cancer patients, a similar pattern of various markers was obtained. Thirty patients with laryngeal carcinoma were divided into four different groups according to nodal involvement and it was observed that in laryngeal cancer patients with no nodal involvement, ACE levels were low 3.6 +/- 1.4 U/ml while patients with maximum nodal involvement had the highest levels of ACE 7.1 +/- 0.18 U/ml. The correlation coefficient between different groups is highly statistically significant (r=0.95, p<0.01). In patients with laryngeal cancer the serum MDA and vitamin A levels correlation coefficient between different groups was not significant. It is thus concluded that serum ACE might be a specific test marker for laryngeal cancer disease burden. The use of this marker enzyme for therapeutics is being planned.

Female↗

PubMed2002

Unusual solitary osteochondroma of the mandibular ramus.

Mandibular osteochondromas, although rare, predominantly involve the condyloid and coronoid processes. An extremely rare case arising from the inner aspect of the gonion is reported here. Only one such case has been reported in the literature so far. Despite being very slow growing and having a benign course, histopathological examination showed reactive changes that may be confused with sarcomatous transformation. We advocate surgical excision using a combined external and internal approach followed by regular post-operative review. The relevant literature has been reviewed but various surgical approaches as advocated in the past have not been found suitable.

Female↗

PubMed2000

Aural foreign bodies.

At KGMC Lucknow, 168 pediatric cases with aural foreign bodies (FB) were reviewed. Most of the FB were self-inflicted and seen in children under 5 years of age (69.64%), within 24 hours (91.66%) of impaction. 86.30% of FB were seen to impact in external auditory canal (EAC) and their nature revealed predominance of nonvegetative inanimate FBs (43.45%). The TM perforation was encountered in only 6.54% of cases. If the FB is a living insect, it should be drowned before being manipulated. Syringing is the method of choice for a nonimpacted relatively small FB, even if it is vegetative. It is to be avoided in the 'potential' cases of external otitis or in cases with severely impacted wax. For a tightly wedged smooth rounded FB the hook and forceps are preferred in superficially and deep lying FBs respectively. A dissociate anaesthesia (ketamine) appears to be a better choice than general anaesthesia. An end-aural incision should be preferred over post-aural one and canalplasty for access of FB should be carried out wherever necessary. The presence of otorrhoea in cases of penetrating FB or aural myasis should be dealt on the lines of otitis media after removing the FB concerned.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

Aerodigestive foreign bodies.

Accidents with foreign bodies (FBs) are most common within the first two years of life. The airway FBs present a diagnostic dilemma as both the history and the investigations can be misleading. The persistent hypoxia presents a threat to life as does extraction. Moreover, the chemical pneumonitis induced by vegetative FB makes the situation even more worse. The FB of digestive tract are comparatively benign unless long standing. It is neither necessary for the airway FB to present with respiratory symptoms and signs nor for the FB of digestive tract to complain of dysphagia/throat pain. Oesophagoscopy may have to be done if an esophageal FB is causing only recurrent respiratory infections without dysphagia. The situation in dealing with FB varies from site to site in the aerodigestive tract. This article stresses the various dubious factors including the history, examination and investigation which can lead to misdiagnosis and also those problems which are encountered during planned extraction as well as post-operatively.

Airway Obstruction↗

PubMed2000

Oropharyngeal foreign body.

An unusual extremely benign course of an 8 cm long, rusting, metallic oropharyngeal foreign body that had entered post-aurally (penetration injury) four years previously to lie completely within the pharyngeal lumen has not yet been reported in the world literature. The need for additional investigations and special precautions to be taken during surgical extraction are highlighted.

Accidents↗

PubMed1999

A note on an exact test and confidence interval for competition and overlap effects.

A method has been proposed that gives an exact test and confidence interval for the coefficient of overlap and competition effects. The method is based on Tukey's statistic of nonadditivity. The method is very simple to adopt and can be implemented by regression analysis and analysis of variance programmes in some important cases.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMed1998

Comparative status of oxidative damage and antioxidant enzymes in chronic tonsillitis patients.

Comparative study of two modalities i.e. antioxidant therapy (by vitamin E) and tonsillectomy was done in chronic tonsillitis patients, the study included 80 cases. It was found that both modalities were affective than tonsillectomy. Thus the use of antioxidant may be a promising alternative for the tonsillectomy.

Antioxidants↗

PubMed1996

A study of free radicals and scavenging enzyme in tonsillitis.

The present study is a comparison of malonaldialdehyde (MDA) level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity between controls and in tonsillitis patients of different degree before (pre) and after (post) surgery (tonsillectomy). The SOD activity increases in pretonsillectomy cases according to severity of disease and there is a rise in MDA level whereas after tonsillectomy although the increase in SOD is marginal but MDA declines sharply as compared to pretonsillectomy patients indicating that the SOD exerts its protective effect after surgery.

Free Radicals↗

PubMed1991

Angiofibromas of the postnasal space: a critical appraisal of various therapeutic modalities.

Angiofibromas of the postnasal space are an enigma to the treating surgeon in view of their extensions around the skull base. The availability of modern investigative procedures has to some extent facilitated the decision making process in choosing a suitable surgical approach. Proper tumour staging and the earliest and widest possible exposure tailored to the needs of the specific situation together with adequate blood replacement is the key to success in minimizing the chances of the recurrence. The present study aims at an evaluation of the methodology adopted in 100 serial cases of angiofibromas of the postnasal space. After initial surgery, a further 31 procedures were needed for the management of recurrences.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

A rational classification of angiofibromas of the post nasal space.

Angiofibromas of the post nasal space have the potential to extend in all directions along predetermined pathways with a definite mode and chronological pattern. In order to understand their clinical behaviour, methods of treatment and prognosis, a system of clinical staging based on conventional and tomographic observations has been found useful in this series of cases. The classification has been evolved according to the extent of the tumour involvement but also the age of onset, duration, size and area of encroachment including the surgical approach and consequent prognosis. Deficiencies in the earlier classifications are discussed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1975