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Biomedical subjects

G Jensen

Publications and source records attributed to G Jensen.

250 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
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Microalbuminuria: an important diagnostic tool.

The concept of microalbuminuria is reviewed. Measuring the urinary albumin excretion rate and testing for microalbuminuria is well established in the control and treatment of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Microalbuminuria predicts nephropathy and early cardiovascular death. In the presence of microalbuminuria frequent examinations are warranted for early detection of retinopathy, blood-pressure rise, and for optimizing the glycemic control. In patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes, the independent value of microalbuminuria as a cardiovascular risk factor is not yet clarified. The urinary albumin excretion rate should be measured at diagnosis, because the indications are that presence of microalbuminuria reinforces the urge to intervene against other well-documented cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, dyslipidemia, tobacco, and obesity). In the nondiabetic population, there is accumulating evidence that an elevated urinary albumin excretion rate is associated with early cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Large scale cross-sectional and prospective studies are needed in order to clarify further the role of microalbuminuria as an independent risk factor in the background population.

Albuminuria↗
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Frequency of focal cerebral transient ischemic attacks during a 12 month period. The Copenhagen city heart study.

As an offshoot of a larger prospective cardiovascular population study, the present study aimed to determine the 12 months frequency of focal cerebral transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) in persons randomly selected after age stratification from the Copenhagen city population register. A questionnaire of 5 questions pertaining to cerebrovascular attacks sustained within the last 12 months was distributed to 2,357 persons. The TIA-questionnaire was returned by 88%, of whom 22% responded affirmatively to one or more questions. The positive responders were interviewed by phone, and when suspected of having TIAs they were examined by a neurologist. A total of 11 persons proved to have had TIAs, which for the age group of 60 years and over gives o 12 months frequency of 8/1000. Dizziness, ophthalmologic problems and migraine were the most frequent causes of a "false" positive response.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Serum albumin is predictive of 30-day survival after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy.

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tubes have been used since 1980 in patients who require prolonged enteral feeding. PURPOSE: To identify factors associated with poor survival (defined as survival < 30 days) post-PEG. METHODS: We assessed a cohort of 64 patients consecutively referred for a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube in a single, tertiary care hospital. Prior to PEG tube placement, we evaluated relevant clinical variables in each patient to determine their effect on 30-day mortality. RESULTS: Of the cohort, 43 of 64 (67.2%) survived at least 30 days after tube placement. One death was attributable to tube placement. Bivariate analyses showed that 30-day survival correlated directly with serum albumin (r = .253; p = .049) and inversely with creatinine (r = -0.255; p = .042). Using multivariable logistic regression analysis, only albumin was identified as an independent predictor of 30-day survival (p = .044). Eighty-three percent of patients with a serum albumin > or = 3.0 g/dL survived 30 days compared with 58% with an albumin < 3.0, a difference of 25% (95% CI, -2% to 54%; p = .07). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, serum albumin appears to be a predictor of early survival in individuals undergoing percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube placement.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Student perspectives on problem-based learning in an occupational therapy curriculum: a multiyear qualitative evaluation.

OBJECTIVES: Problem-based learning (PBL) is increasingly being used within health care professional educational programs to develop critical thinking skills via a learner-centered approach. However, few studies have evaluated the effect of participation in a PBL-centered curriculum on occupational therapy knowledge and skill development over time from the perspective of the students involved. This study examined student evaluations of the first three class cohorts participating in a PBL-based curriculum. METHOD: A participatory action design study involving qualitative, student-led focus groups was conducted with 154 students across 2 years of the education program. Fourteen focus groups were audiotaped, and those audiotapes were transcribed by an outside expert, followed by two levels of analysis by program faculty members and a member check by student participants. RESULTS: Themes that emerged from the data analysis related to (a) defining elements of PBL, (b) the role of students and faculty members, (c) learning strategies used by students in a PBL versus traditional education program, (d) the challenges of a PBL approach, and (e) PBL's relationship to clinical reasoning and occupational therapy practice. CONCLUSIONS: Students perceived that a PBL approach adopted consistently across the curriculum contributed to the development of information management, critical reasoning, communication, and team-building skills; however, identified challenges were time and role management, information access, instructor versus PBL expectations and practices, and coping with the ambiguity of knowledge and reasoning.

Adult↗