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Biomedical subjects

G Jansson

Publications and source records attributed to G Jansson.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Long-term follow-up of infants under intensive care with tracheotomy during the period 1956-1965.

Twenty-seven infants who survived intensive care during early infancy in the pioneering period of neonatal intensive care (1956-1965) were investigated after 8-17 years. The selection criterion was maintenance of a tracheotomy for more than 15 days during the first 12 months of life. A variety of clinical, physiological, radiological and psychiatric sequelae was found. Respiratory symptoms were the dominating problem during the post-tracheotomy period. The long-term follow-up revealed that these symptoms had a strong tendency to subside. At the time of the follow-up, as many as 20 children (74%) did not experience any functional impairment.

Child Development↗
PubMed1983

Similar prevalence of coeliac disease in children and middle-aged adults in a district of Sweden.

Coeliac disease in children and adults is considered to be a variety of the same disorder. This gains epidemiological support in the present study, which reports on the observed prevalence of coeliac disease in an area of Sweden (population, 140 500). On 1 July 1981, the prevalence rate was found to be 104/100 000 (1:960) among children, and the same figure, 106/00 000 (1:950), was found for coeliac disease unaccompanied by dermatitis herpetiformis in the middle-aged population. The figures were obtained in patients seeking medical are and thus represent minimum rates, and it is likely that the actual prevalence of coeliac disease in Sweden will prove still higher.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Tactile guidance of movement.

In some prototype mobility aids for the blind information about the environment is obtained with the aid of patterns within a matrix of tactile point stimuli. The aim of this report is to summarize some experiments on the possibilities of guiding movements in 3-D space by devices of this kind, the movements studied being: (1) batting a ball, (2) walking and pointing to a target, and (3) slalom walking. The results were that movements could be guided by such a matrix with reasonable precision and time consumption. There are many remaining problems, especially in a cluttered environment, but they can be expected to be decreased if we are able to increase our knowledge about how touch, or rather the haptic system, is functioning, and if we can utilize this knowledge in constructing more effective tactile displays.

Blindness↗
PubMed1980

Event perception.

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Blindness↗
PubMed1979

Muscle abnormalities in coeliac disease: studies on gross motor development and muscle fibre composition, size and metabolic substrates.

In 11 children with coeliac disease gross motor development was assessed before and during diet treatment using the gross motor subscale of the Denver developmental screening test. ATP, creatine phosphate (CP), glycogen and lactate concentrations, muscle fibre size and fibre composition were measured in specimens obtained by needle biopsy from the vastus lateralis muscle. Before treatment, gross motor development was delayed. ATP, and to a lesser extent, CP and glycogen concentrations were lowered compared to a control group. After treatment, gross motor development was normal and no differences in ATP, CP or glycogen concentrations were found compared to the control group. Fibre size seemed unaffected by the disease. The percentage of type 1 fibres was significantly lower before treatment, compared to values obtained during treatment and from the control group. Whether these metabolic changes were due to the coeliac disease per se or the inactivity which it causes was not possible to establish. In humans, only altered neurogenic influence on the muscles has been previously shown to give changes in fibre composition.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1977

Perceived bending motions from a quadrangle changing form.

In an earlier study by Jansson and Johansson it was found that rotation of a rigid object is perceptually preferred over bending motion, and that bending motion in turn is preferred over two-dimensional stretching. The aim of the present experiment was to study if the same preference order is retained also when the proximal stimuli are changing in a physically more complex way. The stimuli were quadrangular outline figures with two stationary and two moving corners; the figures differed in degree of phase lag between the motions of the two corners. The result was that the preference order found earlier was retained. It was also found that the relative frequency of two subcategories of bending motion, bending proper and folding, varied with phase lag. The relation of the result to a principle of minimum object change was discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1977

Vagal gastric relaxation in the dog.

Experiments were performed on anaesthetized dogs. Vagotomy was followed by an increase of gastric tone. The phasic responses of gastric tone to efferent vagal electrical stimulation were not separable in these experiments as they are in cats. Oesophageal distension, however, produced a marked gastric relaxatory response, which, as in cats, was non-cholinergic and non-adrenergic but abolished by vagotomy. This response is suggested to be equivalent to physiological receptive relaxation of the stomach, occurring during food intake.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Gastric relaxatory response to feeding before and after vagotomy.

Experiments were performed on 4 non-anaesthetized dogs with chronic gastric fistulae. Gastric tonus was studied by volume and inflow rate recording at low pressure heads. Gastric tonus was not affected by propranolol or phentolamine. It was markedly reduced by atropine, presumably by blocking excitatory cholinergic nervous activity. Guanethidine induced a marked increase of gastric tonus, presumably by inhibiting sympathetic modulating activity on intramural cholinergic ganglia. Feeding was accompanied by a marked gastric relaxation which was not blocked by any of the drugs mentioned. Vagotomy, however, entirely abolished the gastric relaxatory response to feeding. The findings suggest that gastric receptive relaxation accompanying feeding is mediated via specific relaxatory vagal nerve fibres, which are non-adrenergic and non-cholinergic.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Gastric relaxatory response to insulin before and after vagotomy.

Experiments were performed on 4 non-anaesthetized dogs with chronic gastric fistulae, Gastric tonus was studied by volume recording at low pressure head. 0.5 IE insulin/kg bodyweight intravenously was followed by an immediate gastric relaxation, obvious before any marked decrease of blood glucose or plasma potassium occurred, and furthermore not affected by administration of glucose or potassium. This initial relaxation was still present after vagotomy and might be due to transmembraneal metabolic changes upon insulin administration or to direct effect of insulin on gastric smooth smooth muscles. During hypoglycaemia, a second relaxatory phase occurred, and glucose given during this phase temporarily increased gastric tonus, indicating this relaxation to be due to hypoglycaemia. The hypoglycaemic relaxation was markedly reduced but not abolished by vagotomy, indicating also extravagal factors in this response.

Animals↗