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Biomedical subjects

G Janossy

Publications and source records attributed to G Janossy.

316 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Inducer and suppressor T-cells in hepatitis B virus-induced liver disease.

During acute type B hepatitis, the proportion of inducer to cytotoxic/suppressor T-cells is decreased due to an increase in the concentration of suppressor cells. Similar changes are seen in chronically infected subjects with evidence of active viral replication (HBeAg positive) and chronic hepatitis of varying severity. This imbalance of the regulatory cells returns to normal when viral replication decreases during the recovery phase of acute hepatitis and in patients who become chronic carriers with minimal liver disease (HBeAb positive patient). Patients in whom viral replication has subsided (HBeAb positive) but who continue to exhibit chronic active liver disease have increased inducer to cytotoxic/suppressor cell ratios due to a decrease in the concentration of the cytotoxic/suppressor cell population. Further studies are needed to determine whether these alterations of the regulatory cells of the immune system are a causal factor influencing the duration of active hepatitis B virus replication and the degree of inflammatory liver damage, or merely changes secondary to the presence of a replicating virus.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hepatitis B virus and HLA antigen display in the liver during chronic hepatitis B virus infection.

an analysis of the expression of the histocompatibility antigens in the livers of patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection and normal subjects has demonstrated an increased expression of HLA-A, B, C antigens on the hepatocytes of patients with a low level of viral replication (HBe antibody positive) as compared with patients who exhibit a high level of viral replication (HBe antigen positive) and controls. This increase in the expression of histocompatibility antigens on the hepatocytes was associated with a decrease in the membrane expression of viral antigens by the same cells. These differences in the density of HLA and viral antigen display may influence the efficiency of T-cell cytolysis of hepatitis B virus-infected hepatocytes.

Biopsy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An analysis of the composition of the inflammatory infiltrate in autoimmune and hepatitis B virus-induced chronic liver disease.

The composition of the mononuclear cell infiltrate in the liver was studied in patients with autoimmune and hepatitis B virus (HBV)-induced liver disease. The ratio of inducer to cytotoxic/suppressor cells was greater in patients with lupoid chronic active liver disease, primary biliary cirrhosis, and HBeAb positive HBV-induced chronic active liver disease than in patients with HBeAg positive HBV-induced chronic hepatitis. In patients with chronic HBV-induced (HBeAb positive) liver disease, this ratio was greater in the periportal/portal area than in the lobule. These data are consistent with a relative deficiency of the cytotoxic/suppressor population of T cells in autoimmune liver diseases and possibly in HBeAb positive HBV-induced chronic active liver disease. In the latter patients, different ratios in the periportal and centrilobular zones suggest different mechanisms for periportal and lobular hepatitis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Study protocol for the evaluation of the potential for durable viral suppression after quadruple HAART with or without HIV vaccination: the QUEST study.

PURPOSE: By protecting and stimulating HIV-specific CD4 cell responses, treatment of primary HIV infection (PHI) with potent quadruple HAART could lead to prolonged suppression of HIV replication after cessation of antiretroviral therapy. The QUEST trial investigates this hypothesis and aims to determine whether addition of a therapeutic vaccine to HAART increases the likelihood of prolonged viral suppression compared to HAART alone. METHOD: 148 patients with PHI were recruited. Participants were treated with open-label HAART for at least 76 weeks. Participants with sustained viremia <50 copies/mL were randomized to one of three 5-month, double-blinded study treatment groups: HAART alone, HAART + ALVAC-HIV (vCP1452), or HAART + ALVAC-HIV (vCP1452) + Remune. After a further month of HAART alone, all treatment was stopped where plasma HIV-1 RNA remained at <50 copies/mL. Intensive virologic and immunologic monitoring during a 24-week observation period followed treatment interruption. Patients who met treatment reintroduction criteria were offered HAART rescue.

AIDS Vaccines↗