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Biomedical subjects

G J Harris

Publications and source records attributed to G J Harris.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Lacrimal intubation in the primary repair of midfacial fractures.

Midfacial trauma causes a variety of functional and cosmetic problems that concern many surgical specialties. Fractures of the lacrimal sac fossa and lacrimal canal and compromise of the intrinsic membranous pathways are frequently not addressed, requiring late lacrimal bypass surgery in many cases. Silicone intubation of 11 disrupted distal pathways was performed as part of the primary, interdisciplinary repair of midfacial fractures. Revision of two systems was necessitated by later surgery performed for unrelated problems. In the remaining nine primarily intubated systems, patency was maintained in long-term follow-up. The role of the ophthalmic surgeon in the recognition and primary intubation of fractured distal lacrimal pathways should be stressed among colleagues in otolaryngology, plastic surgery, and maxillofacial surgery.

Dacryocystorhinostomy↗
PubMed1986

Allergic sino-orbital mycosis. A clinical and immunologic study.

We present a case of pansinusitis with orbital involvement associated with an allergic response to the fungus Curvularia (Cochliobolus) lunata. Key elements to the diagnosis included a predominant eosinophilic response of the sinus mucosa, the presence of a characteristic mucoid exudate containing fungal hyphae, peripheral blood eosinophilia, serum precipitins against C lunata, elevated serum total and Curvularia-specific IgE and IgG concentrations, and immediate cutaneous reactivity to C lunata antigen. This report suggests that an exaggerated allergic response should be considered in the pathogenesis of pansinusitis. The presence of fungal hyphae in sinus mucosal specimens should alert the physician to the possibility of this disease. Sinus fungal cultures, as well as thorough immunologic evaluation, of such patients is recommended.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Drug sensitivity testing of carcinoma of the gallbladder and biliary tree in a human tumor cloning assay.

We have received and attempted to culture 27 specimens from 26 patients with carcinoma of the gallbladder and biliary tree. Evaluable growth, defined as greater than or equal to 20 tumor colonies per control plate, was obtained in 8 (30%) of the specimens. Thirteen of the specimens (48%) did not grow and 6 (22%) were contaminated. The specimens with evaluable growth yielded 44 drug tests of which 12 (27%) resulted in less than or equal to 50% survival when compared to the untreated control plates. The standard chemotherapeutic agents carmusine (BCNU), cis-platinum, mitomycin-C, and vinblastine as well as the investigational agents mitoxantrone, acronycine, acivicin, and methylglyoxalbisguanylhydrazone (MGBG) demonstrated some in vitro activity and could be useful in carcinoma of the gallbladder and biliary tree. The human tumor cloning assay can be used to look for standard and investigational agents which should be tried against this relatively rare tumor.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Growth of carcinoma of the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction in a human tumor cloning assay.

We have received and attempted to culture 23 specimens from 23 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus and 15 specimens from 11 patients with adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ). Evaluable growth, defined as greater than or equal to 20 tumor colonies per control plate, was achieved in 35% of the esophageal specimens and in 40% of the GEJ specimens. The specimens with evaluable growth yielded 20 evaluable drug tests for the esophageal group and 42 evaluable drug tests for the GEJ group. A positive response to the chemotherapeutic agent, defined as less than or equal to 50% survival in the drug treated plates relative to the control plates, was seen in 1 (5%) of the evaluable esophageal specimens and in 20 (47%) of the evaluable GEJ specimens. The only agent active in the esophageal group was cis-platinum (1 of 5 tests). Standard active agents in the GEJ group included: 5-fluorouracil (1 of 1 test), vinblastine (4 of 8 tests), vincristine (1 of 1 test), and VP-16 (1 of 1 test). Active investigational agents included: methylglyoxalbisguanylhydrazone (MGBG) (1 of 1 test), auranofin (3 of 3 tests), vinzolidine (4 of 6 tests), carbetimer (2 of 2 tests), and ametantrone (3 of 3 tests). The cloning results are consistent with the clinical observation that carcinoma of the esophagus and GEJ respond differently to chemotherapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

A method for performing scanning electron microscopy of colonies growing in a human tumor cloning system.

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is a valuable tool for examining cell surface morphology and cell-cell interactions. We used SEM to study 38 patients' tumors, representing 16 histological malignancies, growing in soft agar. Using our method, we obtained high quality micrographs without residual agar or preparation artifacts. We present our method for obtaining high quality SEM of tumor colonies growing in soft agar, which provides micrographs free of debris and necrotic host tissue.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Rhythms of locomotion and oxygen consumption in the estuarine amphipod Corophium volutator (Crustacea: Amphipoda).

The estuarine amphipod Corophium volutator exhibits an endogenous circatidal rhythm of swimming activity, with maxima occurring just after the expected time of high water, under constant laboratory conditions. Oxygen uptake by Corophium is also subject to modulation across the tidal cycle. The period of highest oxygen uptake occurs during the ebb tide, in phase with the period of maximum swimming activity. A second increase in oxygen uptake during the early flood tide is thought to reflect either in-burrow activity or a previously described rhythm of emergence. This being so, this aspect of the animal's respiratory metabolism may be regulated by an autonomous oscillator independent of that governing the animal's swimming behaviour.

Activity Cycles↗
PubMed1983

Subperiosteal abscess of the orbit.

Seven cases of subperiosteal abscess (SPA) of the orbit are reported. Anatomic relationships shared by the orbits, paranasal sinuses, and facial venous system explain the rapid development of SPA after periorbital infection. Computed tomography and echography allow distinction between SPA and other stages of orbital inflammation that are often indiscriminately grouped under the rubric of orbital cellulitis. These techniques suggest that elevated orbital pressure is the primary, and potentially reversible, mechanism of visual impairment produced by SPA. Difficulty in accurately determining the responsible pathogens, relative isolation of the subperiosteal space with regard to antibiotic penetration, and risk of precipitous visual loss require prompt surgical drainage in most cases.

Abscess↗
PubMed1983

Regulation of purified rat liver acetyl CoA carboxylase by phosphorylation.

Acetyl CoA carboxylase was purified from liver of fasted-refed rats to near homogeneity, based on electrophoretic analysis and biotin content. These preparations contained an endogenous protein kinase that catalyzed the transfer of radioactive phosphate from [gamma-32P]ATP to acetyl CoA carboxylase, accompanied by a decrease in acetyl CoA carboxylase activity. Phosphate incorporated into acetyl CoA carboxylase was removed when the preparation was incubated with partially purified phosphorylase phosphatase catalytic subunit with regain of enzymatic activity. This endogenous protein kinase was shown not to be affected by either cyclic-AMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor, EGTA, or trifluoperazine. The addition of either cyclic-AMP or purified cyclic-AMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit to the purified acetyl CoA carboxylase preparation increased protein phosphorylation but had no further effect on acetyl CoA carboxylase activity. Purified acetyl CoA carboxylase was shown to act as an ATPase during the phosphorylation reaction.

Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase↗
PubMed1983

Marsupialization of a lacrimal gland cyst.

A lacrimal gland cyst developed as a late complication of Stevens-Johnson syndrome. The mass produced mechanical ptosis and became secondarily infected. Obstruction of lacrimal secretions contributed to a quantitative tear deficiency and epithelial erosions of the cornea. The mass and the keratoconjunctivitis sicca were successfully managed by marsupialization of the cyst wall.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Congenital dacryocystocele.

Four cases of congenital lacrimal sac distention were managed in an initially conservative manner to further elucidate the natural history of the condition and to formulate a more systematic approach to its treatment. In three cases, the abnormality resolved without nasolacrimal duct probing, with no adverse sequelae. In one case, dacryocystitis caused by Serratia marcescens, corneal astigmatism, and severe canthal distortion prompted surgical intervention. The management of individual cases of dacryocystocele should be influenced by the presence of inflammation, the virulence of any infecting organisms, the induction of astigmatism and anisometropia, and the degree of canthal distortion. Dacryocystocele appears to be a more specific term for lacrimal sac distention than either amniotocele or mucocele, and is not restricted to only one source of its fluid contents.

Cysts↗
PubMed1981

Herpetic canalicular obstruction.

Primary herpes simplex infection may involve the lining of the lacrimal canaliculi and result in permanent strictures and epiphora. Five cases are reported and analyzed in combination with previously reported cases. Antiviral medication was not responsible for lacrimal drainage obstruction in these cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Sarcoidosis of the lacrimal sac.

Two women with acute dacryocystitis were found to have noncaseating granulomatous inflammation of the lacrimal sac and nasal mucosa. One patient had chronic uveitis and the other had skin lesions and generalized lymphadenopathy histologically compatible with sarcoidosis. The diagnosis was supported by elevation of serum levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme. To our knowledge, these are the sixth and seventh histologically confirmed cases of sarcoidosis of the lacrimal sac. They differ from previously reported cases in the absence of classic roentgenographic changes of sarcoidosis. Analysis of all reported cases suggests an association between lacrimal sac and upper respiratory tract sarcoidosis.

Dacryocystitis↗