Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G Holm

Publications and source records attributed to G Holm.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

T and CR+ lymphocyte profile in leprosy and the effect of treatment.

Thymus-derived lymphocytes (T lymphocytes) and complement receptor-bearing lymphocytes (CR+ lymphocytes) were estimated by using erythrocyte rosettes and erythrocyte-antibody-complement rosettes as markers in untreated lepromatous and untreated tuberculoid patients and in healthy controls. Treated lepromatous cases were also investigated. Ten cases of untreated lepromatous patients were reassessed 6 months or more after therapy commenced. A significant decrease in both percentages and absolute numbers of CR+ cells in the untreated lepromatous leprosy subjects was observed. This decrease showed a return to normal levels after treatment. The percentage of T cells in the untreated lepromatous cases was normal; however, the absolute numbers of T cells and the total lymphocyte count showed a significant decrease. After therapy, the T cell population was unchanged but the total number of lymphocytes increased significantly with treatment. The absolute number of T and CR+ cells was significantly less in the untreated than in the treated lepromatous patients.

Blood Cell Count↗
PubMed1976

Acute energy deprivation in man: effect on cell-mediated immunological reactions.

The effects of 10 days of total energy deprivation on lymphocyte functions and cell-mediated immunity was evaluated in fourteen healthy, normal-weighted males. Lymphocytes from seven of the subjects were tested in vitro. A significant depression was noted of the DNA synthesis after stimulation with pokeweed mitogen and PPD while there was no effect on the response to concanavalin A. No change was noted in the percentages and total numbers of circulating B and T lymphocytes and monocytes. The delayed skin reactivity following intracutaneous PPD and mumps antigen was not different from non-starving control subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Receptors for Helix pomatia A haemagglutinin on leukaemic lymphocytes from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL).

Blood lymphocytes from thirteen patients with CLL were studied for surface-bound Ig (SIg), Fc receptors (EA rosettes), receptors for sheep erythrocytes (E rosettes) and receptors for Helix pomatia A haemagglutinin (HP), a carbohydrate-binding protein with specificity for N-acetyl-D-galactosamine and related sugars. Fluorescein-labelled HP binds to subpopulations of human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) treated with neuraminidase. In normal peripheral blood, HP binds to the T-lymphocytes while the majority of the B cells bearing surface-bound immunoglobulin do not have receptors for HP. In untreated CLL, HP binds to 90-100 percent of the neuraminidase-treated PBL. Almost all of the SI-G-POSITIVE CELLS IN CLL patients also have receptors for HP. Two groups of patients were found: in one the total fraction of SIg+ cells was less than or equal to 50 percent and about 30 percent of these lost their Ig during incubation at 37 degrees C. No such loss of SIg was revealed in the remaining patients where total SIg+ fraction was approximately 70 percent. These patients usually had higher blood lymphocyte counts, probably reflecting a more advanced disease. CLL patients in remission with low numbers of leukaemic cells also had low numbers of blood lymphocytes carrying both SIg and HP-receptors. It is concluded that leukaemic cells carry both HP receptors and SIg. Testing of this combination therefore provides a valuable new tool for monitoring patients with CLL.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Variations of blood lymphocytes during work studied by cell surface markers, DNA synthesis and cytotoxicity.

Highly purified peripheral blood lymphocytes from healthy individuals were obtained from samples collected before and after a standardized bicycle ergometer test. The physical activity resulted in a marked increase of circulating lymphocytes. The proportion of T lymphocytes estimated as cells forming rosettes with sheep red blood cells after incubation in the cold decreased, whereas a corresponding increase of cells with receptors for C3, IgG-Fc or surface immunoglobulin was noted. Moreover, after work an increase of cells simultaneously reacting with cell surface markers usually designed as T- or B-cell markers occurred. The reactivity of lymphocytes collected after work in response to Con A, PHA, PWM and PPD was impaired, whereas the slight response to LPS was unchanged. The K-cell cytotoxicity of lymphocytes collected after work increased. The data indicate that physical activity leads to the mobilization of lymphocytes from as yet undetermined sites and with changed composition and reactivity.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Immunodeficiency and prognosis in Hodgkin's disease.

Blood lymphocytes from the majority of 33 unselected and untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease were deficient in T-lymphocytes and their DNA synthesis induced by concanvallin A mitogen and PPD antigen was impaired. The spontaneous DNA synthesis during the first 24 hours of culture was often raised. The prognostic role of the lymphocyte deficiency was evaluated in a follow-up 10-22 months after institution of therapy. The lymphocyte functions were more commonly abnormal in patients responding poorly to treatment (incomplete remission, relapse after treatment, or death) than in patients entering complete remission. The lymphocyte deficiency seems to give information about prognosis in Hodgkin's disease in addition to histopathology, clinical stage, B-symptoms and age.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

A prospective study of HL-A antigen phenotypes and lymphocyte abnormalities in Hodgkin's disease.

In a prospective study, sixty-five histologically verified Swedish cases of Hodgkin's disease were HL-A typed. The antigen frequencies in the patient group did not deviate from a group of normal controls. The frequency of HL-A8 was slightly increased in patients over 40 years (P less than 0.05). HL-A12 was markedly increased in patients below 40 years with a favourable histopathology (P less than 0.001). No association between sex or clinical stage and distribution of HL-A phenotypes was observed. The number of T-lymphocytes in blood and the spontaneous DNA synthesis and DNA synthesis induced by concanavalin A, pokeweed mitogen, phytohemagglutinin and PPD antigen in blood lymphocytes in vitro were determined in 60 patients. A significant increase of HL-A28 was noted in patients with advanced disease (P less than 0.01) and in patients responding poorly to PPD (P less than 0.001) and PWM (P less than 0.01). No correlation between HL-A antigen distribution and T-lymphocyte counts was observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

L-asparaginase and prednisolone pretreatment followed by rubidomycin and cytosine arabinoside for induction of remission in adult patients with acute myeloblastic leukaemia.

77 unselected adult patients with acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML), including practically all AML patients from an area with 1.9 million inhabitants, were randomized for either (1) 5 days pretreatment with 1-asparaginase and prednisolone followed by a combination of rubidomycin and cytosine arabinoside (ARAP), or (2) treatment with a combination of rubidomycin, cytosine arabinoside and prednisolone without 1-asparaginase pretreatment (RAP). Complete remission was induced with ARAP in 12 patients (31%) and with RAP in 13 patients (34%). Thus pretreatment with 1-asparaginase did not improve the therapeutic response. The overall remission frequency was significantly higher below the age of 60; 50% compared to 13% above this age. Side-effects such as liver dysfunction, nausea and vomiting were more common in patients pretreated with 1-asparaginase. Sterilization of the gut did not improve the remission frequency with either regime.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

T-Lymphocyte deficiency following adult thymectomin man.

10 patients thymectomized about 20 years earlier were tested for delayed skin reactivity against mumps, streptokinase-streptodornase and PPD antigens. The T and B lymphocytes in peripheral blood were determined. 6 patients were surgically thymectomized and 2 of the received postoperative irradiation. 4 patients were treated with only high dose irradiation to the mediastinal compartment. None of the patients responded to all skin antigens, 1 was positive to two antigens and 3 to one antigen. The remaining patients were non-responders. The number of peripheral blood lymphocytes was slightly decreased in the patients. A significant decrease in the number of T-lymphocytes (p less than 0.005) was found in the whole patient group, and the depression was more pronounced in the surgically thymectomized patients (p less than 0.001). The number of B-lymphocytes was unaltered. It is concluded that the abnormalities in this patient group reflect a T-lymphocyte deficiency. The immunologic status of the patients before treatment is not known. However, in 3 patients with recently discovered untreated thymomas no abnormalities were found. Thus, adult thymectomy in man seem to lead to deficiency of cell mediated immunity, indicating an influence of the thymus in immunological functions during adult life.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes from patients with Hodgkin's disease.

Blood lymphocytes from twenty-three untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease and twelve healthy controls were studied for their ability to lyse tissue culture cells (Chang cells) labelled with [51Cr]chromate. Lysis induced by patients' lymphocytes in the presence of PHA or rabbit IgG antibodies to Chang cells (ACS) was impaired in some, and higher than normal in others. ACS-induced lysis showed some corlation with the content of lymphocytes carrying receptors for human complement (CRL) in the effectory population. No correlation with immunoglobulin-bearing cells was noted. PHA-induced cytoxicity did not correlate with lymphocyte subpopulations. The observations are consistent with the assumption that effector cells of antibody-induced lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity (K cells) may be present among CRL. The K-cell activity and PHA cytotoxicity by lymphocytes tended to decrease at high age, but impaired cytotoxity was also noted in young patients. A preliminary follow-up of patients 1-2 years after the beginning of treatment revealed almost abolished K-cell activity in four patients who died 6--13 months after testing. Patients in incomplete remission or with relapse after treatment had lower mean K-cell activity than those in complete remission. A similar, but less pronounced tendency was found for PHA-induced cytotoxicity. A prognostic role of impaired K-cell activity in Hodgkin's disease is suggested from these data, but requires confirmation in a larger clinical follow-up.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Activation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes by concanavalin A dependence of monocytes.

The activation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes or isolated T lymphocytes by concanavalin A (Con A) is hightly potentiated by the presence of autologous, mitomycin C-treated monocytes. The optimal lymphocyte: monocyte ratio within a broad dose range is 1:1 when the incorporation of [14C]thymidine is expressed as total incorporation per culture tube and 1:10 when expressed per lymphocyte. A five-to-ten-fold increase of total DNA synthesis is noted in the presence of 10-90% monocytes. The data may help to explain the wide variations in Con A responsiveness of human peripheral lymphocytes which may be partly related to differences in purification which give rise to cell preparations containing varying amounts of monocytes.

Cell Fractionation↗
PubMed1975

Effects of age and cell size on rat adipose tissue metabolism.

In order to analyze separately the effects of cell size and age on the metabolism of rat adipose tissue, fat cells of different sizes were obtained from the same animals. The rats were 4 or 15 wk old. The results show that age as well as cell size influences the metabolic rates. At a given cell size, the basal lipolysis, the lipolytic effects of glucagon and noradrenaline, the rate of glucose incorporation into the triglycerides, and the effect of insulin on glucose metabolism were considerably increased in the young animals. Furthermore, irrespective of fat cell size the lipolytic action of glucagon was reduced in old animals. The data thus show that experiments with large fat cells from old rats and with small cells from young animals cannot be directly compared because both variables may influence metabolic reactions.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1975

Immunological capacity of lymphocytes from untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease evaluated in mixed lymphocyte culture.

Blood lymphocytes from thirty-nine untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease were tested for stimulatory and responding capacity in mixed lymphocyte culture. The response to allogeneic lymphocytes was impaired in ten patients but the mean response of the patient group did not differ from healthy controls. Lymphocytes from female patients responded better than male patients (P less than 0-02). The stimulatory efficacy was severely impaired in patients' lymphocytes (P less than 0-001). Age, clinical stage and histopathology had no significant influence on the responding or stimulatory capacity.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated antibody patterns in relation to the deficiency of cell-mediated immunity in patients with Hodgkin's disease.

Sera from unselected and untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) were examined for antibodies to Epstein-Barr viral (EBV) capsid antigens (VCA). Delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions were carried out with purified tuberculoprotein (PPD). Highly purified blood lymphocytes of the same patients were studied morphologically and classified for cell surface markers. Incorporation of 14C-thymidine was used as a measure of spontaneous DNA synthesis and DNA synthesis after exposure to different concentrations of three mitogens (PHA, Conconavalin A and pokeweed mitogen) and PPD. The distribution of EBV titres was in good agreement with previous reports. Most patients were lymphopenic, due to subnormal levels of T lymphocytes. The lymphocyte stimulation and skin tests showed different degrees of impairment in a considerable number of the patients. The results in 43 patients indicated that a relation exists between the immune defect and the anti-VCA titres. High serological anti-VCA reactivity was related to a poor cutaneous response to PPD, a decreased level of T lymphocytes in the blood and a depression of mitogen-induced DNA synthesis.

Antibodies, Viral↗