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Biomedical subjects

G Holm

Publications and source records attributed to G Holm.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Suppression of monocyte dependent lymphocyte stimulation by sera from patients with Hodgkin's disease.

The effect of sera from patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) on monocyte dependent ConA and MLC-activation of normal lymphocytes to DNA synthesis was studied. Lymphocyte stimulation was greatly enhanced in the presence of monocytes at a monocyte : lymphocyte ratio of less than or equal to 8 : 1. Higher ratios were usually suppressive. Some HD sera suppressed monocyte mediated enhancement of ConA and MLC-stimulation efficiently. The degree of inhibition by the individual HD serum remained similar in the absence of monocytes and at various monocyte : lymphocyte ratios. Pretreatment of monocytes or lymphocytes with HD serum had no effect. Inhibition was only noted when serum was present during the whole culture period. It is concluded that HD sera do not hamper the activity of monocytes to augment lymphocyte growth. The effect may be explained by direct effects of serum factors on lymphocytes.

Concanavalin A↗
PubMed1982

Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity of leukaemic blast cells and neutrophils from patients with acute myelogenous leukaemia.

The antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity against ox erythrocytes by blast cells and neutrophils from six patients with acute myelogenous leukaemia and one patient with blast crisis of chronic myelogenous leukaemia was studied. Leukaemic myeloblastic and monocytic cells behaved like potent killer cells toward ox erythrocytes and their activity was comparable with that of neutrophils from leukaemic and normal subjects. The target cell destruction was positively related to the effector cell: target cell ratio and was clearly antibody-dependent since the cytotoxic effect did not involve antibody-unsensitized erythrocytes. We suggest that this experimental system, which involves the use of ox erythrocytes sensitized by purified rabbit anti-ox IgG, provides a new and sensitive method for studying antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity by myeloid cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Immune status of untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease and prognosis.

In this study of 127 previously untreated adult patients with Hodgkin's disease and 167 age- and sex-matched controls, highly purified blood lymphocytes were studied for E+ receptors; their spontaneous DNA synthesis and that induced by concanavalin A, pokeweed mitogen, or purified protein derivative of tuberculin were measured as incorporation of 14C-thymidine. T-cell counts and the response to mitogens and antigen were significantly decreased in the patients, while the spontaneous lymphocyte activity was increased. Forty-nine patients had died after a mean observation time of 6 years. In these patients, there had been an increase in spontaneous DNA synthesis and a decrease in that induced by mitogens and antigen. These differences also remained significant when patients who died were compared with surviving patients in stages I-II. The 5-year survival rate of "bad immunology" patients was 30% as compared to 80% for the remainder. We suggest that these lymphocyte tests should be considered in an "immunologic staging system," which may give guidance in the future management of patients with Hodgkin's disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Monocyte function in Hodgkin's disease.

Monocyte functions were studied in 16 patients with Hodgkin's disease, 11 untreated and five in unmaintained complete remission. Eleven untreated patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and 21 healthy persons were used as controls. Monocytes were isolated from peripheral blood and enriched to greater than 90%. Lymphoma monocytes showed normal ability to lyse human RBC coated with anti-D IgG antibodies as evaluated by a 51Cr-release assay. The ability of monocytes to augment or suppress concanavalin A stimulation of lymphocytes purified to greater than 98% was studied by incubation of a number of lymphocytes with increasing amounts of purified monocytes. The incorporation of 14C-thymidine was potentiated by a factor of 10 in the presence of equal amounts of monocytes. There was no difference between monocytes from Hodgkin, non-Hodgkin or healthy controls to augment patients' autologous or normal lymphocytes. Patient monocytes also suppressed the response at the same monocyte-lymphocyte ratio as normal monocytes. Stimulation of patient lymphocytes without the addition of monocytes was usually lower than that of normal control lymphocytes. The difference between patient and control lymphocyte stimulation was preserved in the presence of monocytes. It is concluded that monocytes from patients with active Hodgkin's disease or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma have normal helper and suppressor effects on patient or normal lymphocytes stimulated by Con A and normal antibody-dependent cytotoxicity.

Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity↗
PubMed1981

Longitudinal studies of blood lymphocyte capacity in Hodgkin's disease.

Blood lymphocyte functional capacity and serum immunoglobulins were studied in 40 patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) admitted to Radiumhemmet, Stockholm, before treatment and in complete remission 2-56 months following termination of radiotherapy (total nodal irradiation [TNI]; n = 29) or chemotherapy (MOPP; n = 11). Lymphocyte studies included determination of total lymphocyte and T-cell counts and evaluation of spontaneous DNA synthesis during the first day of culture and mitogen-(concanavalin A, pokeweed mitogen) and antigen (purified protein derivative, PPD)-induced activation on the third day. Blood lymphocyte and T-cell counts decreased dramatically following TNI. A slow restitution was seen, but pretreatment levels were not reached even four years following therapy. The responses to ConA and PPD but not PWM were significantly reduced shortly after TNI. The mitogen response did not increase with time as did the PPD response. Lymphocyte counts and lymphocyte stimulation, which were severely depressed before treatment of patients in the chemotherapy group, remained unchanged 2-36 months after termination of therapy. A significant reduction of IgM levels was observed regardless of the mode of treatment. Splenectomy prevented the profound reduction of blood lymphocyte and T-cell counts following therapy but did not influence the other immunologic variables under study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Comparison of daunorubicin and daunorubicin-DNA complex in the treatment of acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia.

Sixty consecutive patients, 15-60 years old, with ANLL were divided randomly into three groups for induction treatment with one of the following regimens: R1, daunorubicin (DNR) 1.5 mg/kg on day 1 + ARA-C 2 mg/kg body weight on days 1-5; R2, DNR 1.5 mg/kg on days 1 and 2 + ARA-C 2 mg/kg on days 4-8; R3, DNR-DNA complex 1.5 mg/kg on days 1 and 2 + ARA-C 2 mg/kg on days 4-8. Maintenance treatment consisted of monthly courses of DNR 1.5 mg/kg (R1, R2) or DNR-DNA 1.5 mg/kg (R3) combined with ARA-C 1 mg/kg on days 1-5, alternating with thioguanine 2 mg/kg PO on days 1-5 combined with ARA-C 1 mg/kg IV on days 1-5. Fourteen patients of 20 went into complete remission with R1, 13 or 18 with R2, and 15 of 22 with R3. The overall remission frequency was 70% and there was no significant difference between the different groups. The median time in first remission and the median survival time were 300 and 510 days, respectively, with R1; 335 and 495 days with R2; and 295 and 677 days with R3. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups treated according to the different regimens concerning the time in first remission. Survival was slightly better with R3 than with R1. Treatment with the DNR-DNA complex caused less pronounced thrombocytopenia and fewer 'minor' cardiac abnormalities than treatment with free DNR in the same dosage schedule.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Thyroid hormones and lipolysis in physically trained rats.

In rats a single bout of exercise resulted in increased triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and triiodothyronine/reverse triiodothyronine (T3/rT3) ratio 20 hr after exercise. The effect of norepinephrine on lipolysis in vitro was potentiated. In trained rats no changes were found in T4, T3, or rT3 concentrations. The T3/rT3 ratio as well as basal and stimulated TSH concentrations decreased in comparison with sedentary, freely eating rats. Moderate food restriction to produce a body weight similar to that of trained animals caused no changes in T4, T3, or rT3 concentrations but caused a decrease in T3/rT3 and in TSH levels. Training and moderate food restriction groups were not different. T3 in vitro caused a potentiation of catecholamine induced lipolysis in trained and food-restricted animals. With aging the serum concentration of T3 decreased and that of rT3 increased. Acute and chronic exercise both exert an effect on peripheral hormonal responses of lipolysis, while they have different and opposite effects on thyroid hormone concentrations. Physical training seems to have effects in this regard similar to those of moderate energy intake restriction. The results suggest that changes in peripheral effects of thyroid hormones during training should attract more attention.

Aging↗
PubMed1981

On the size and tumor involvement of the spleen in Hodgkin's disease.

Fifty-four untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) subjected to splenectomy were studied with respect to preoperatively assessed spleen size compared to postoperative findings. Before splenectomy, nine patients had "normal sized" spleens, 18 patients had spleens weighing greater than or equal to 200 g and 14/39 spleens were tumor-involved. Nine patients had "enlarged" but unpalpable spleens. Eight of these weighed greater than 200 g and 3/9 spleens showed tumor involvement. Six patients with preoperatively palpable spleens showed tumor involvement, their spleens weighed greater than 660 g. The results confirm the inaccuracy of non-invasive procedures in prediction of spleen size and tumor involvement in HD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Routine laboratory tests in relation to spleen size and tumour involvement in untreated Hodgkin's disease.

A number of routine laboratory tests were studied in 39 untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease with respect to size and tumour involvement of the spleen. Eighteen patients with tumour-engaged spleens had lower total lymphocyte counts and IgG and IgM levels than patients with non-involved spleens. However, no significant differences in these respects were found between patients with tumour-involved spleens weighing less than 500 g and patients without splenic tumour involvement. Hemoglobin values were inversely and reticulocyte counts positively correlated with the weight of involved spleens. Remaining laboratory variables under study, e.g. total granulocyte counts, platelet counts, ESR and liver enzymes, were not associated with the size or tumour involvement of the spleen. It may be concluded that routine laboratory tests yield no specific information as to splenic tumour involvement or size.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Monoclonal blood lymphocytes in benign monoclonal gammopathy and multiple myeloma in relation to clinical stage.

20 patients with benign monoclonal gammopathy (BMG) have been studied for blood lymphocyte and subpopulations. 4 patients had slightly decreased T-lymphocyte values. Total B-lymphocytes were within the normal range. In 3 BMG patients an abnormal ratio between kappa- and lambda-bearing lymphocytes was detected indicating circulating monoclonal cells. 41 lymphoid cells using the kappa: lambda-ratio. 54% of the patients had monoclonal blood cells at diagnosis. the incidence and numbers of such cells increased with advanced clinical stage. Thus, it seems as if tumor volume is the main factor responsible for the appearance of monoclonal blood cells in multiple myeloma.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Spontaneously DNA synthesizing blood and spleen lymphocytes in Hodgkin's disease.

Spontaneously DNA synthesizing blood and spleen lymphocytes in 9 patients with Hodgkin's disease have been studied by surface markers and by autoradiography after in vitro labelling with 3H-thymidine of cell specimens separated according to size. The findings have been related to functional characteristics of blood lymphocytes. The distribution of E and EAC rosetting cells in blood and spleen was similar also after separation according to cell size. The number of mainly large activated blood and spleen cells was increased in patients as compared to controls. Both E and EAC rosetting cells participated in this unexplained cell challenge.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Functional studies on B cells in human bone marrow: in vitro mitogen stimulation of normal and malignant B cells.

Using the protein A plaque assay, bone marrow cells from normal donors were shown to secrete spontaneously immunoglobulins mainly of the IgG and IgA class. After mitogenic activation, a marked increase in IgM production was observed with kinetics and cell density requirements similar to that of blood lymphocytes. In Morbus Waldenström patients, IgM was the predominant Ig class secreted spontaneously by bone marrow cells. The high in vitro background proliferation of these cells could be abolished by addition of the appropriate anti-idiotypic antiserum. After stimulation with mitogens, differentiation of cells within the malignant clone to immunoglobulin-secreting lymphocytes was evidenced, suggesting a retained responsive capacity of the transformed cells.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

The effect of a very-low-calorie diet with and without chronic exercise on thyroid and sex hormones, plasma proteins, oxygen uptake, insulin and c peptide concentrations in obese women.

In 18 obese women a very-low-calorie diet (VLCD) has been combined with exercise (three times a week = 1650 kcal/week; 6.9 MJ) and compared with the effects of diet alone. The adherence and tolerance of the diet was quite good. Oxygen uptake decreased significantly only in the exercising group. Sex hormones binding globulin increased while prealbumin and retinol binding protein decreased in both groups. Changes in T4, T3, rT3, TSH, TBG and insulin secretion appeared to be equal in both groups. No significant differences between the two groups have been found with respect to body weight, body fat and lean body mass loss. Glucose tolerance deteriorated in the diet only group but remained unchanged in the group combining diet and exercise. Insulin production after oral glucose load did not change in either of the two groups. A more pronounced decrease in c peptide concentration has been observed in exercising groups. Sex hormones binding globulin and testosterone concentration increased in both groups. No changes have been detected in the concentration of transcortin. It is concluded that during a short period of VLCD exercise did not produce a higher body weight loss nor a protective effect on lean body mass.

Blood Proteins↗