Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to G Hofmann.
The authors report on a case of severe neutropenia in an infant treated with azlocillin. This case fits well into the series of wellknown reports on hematologic side effects of other semisynthetic penicillins, with regard to the onset of symptomatics, clinical side effects, and full reversibility.
Hearing sensations induced by ultrasound in the frequency range 20-80 kcps are determinable with the Electrical Response Audiometry (ERA). The latency periods of the evoked potentials occured is amounted between 100 and 300 msec. It isn't founded a difference between ultrasound-induced potentials and the potentials evoked by usual tonal stimulies.
One of the most essential prerequisites to the suitability of test animals used for studying the damage effect of noise on audition is the threshold determination with reasonable expenditure. Mention is made of an electro-cochleographic method to determine the click threshold and click threshold shift [TTS(C) and PTS(C)], resp., after an uninjured guinea pig has been subjected to noise. The temporary threshold shift following a short-term sonic exposure and the permanent threshold shift following a permanent sonic exposure reveal a far heavier effect on the guinea pig ear than on the human ear. However, the trends in stress and affection are so much alike in guinea pig and man that the former's involvement in studying the effects of audition-affecting noise on the human ear seems to be primising.
The paper gives a description of the derivation of an early evoked potential with a latent period of 6 to 8 ms in man. This 7-ms-potential is also ascertainable with stimulus intensities near the threshold. Our investigations gave evidence that this is superior to later evoked potentials (ERA) in nonsedated children younger than 10 years. The investigation time is short owing to a rapid succession of stimuli (1000 clicks in 5 ms stimulus interval). It is assumed that the potential can be assigned to colliculus inferior.
The alcohol effect on the latency time of acoustically evoked potentials (ERA and 7 ms-Potentials) was investigated in 19 normal hearing persons. The latency time for N1 of the slow evoked potentials was significantly longer by alcohol concentrations of more than 1%. By blood levels=1.5% and by low stimulus intensity the results were more distinct. The alcohol effect was not registered by the brainstem potentials.
The results of 50 children with partial or complex hearing loss, referred to the hospital for diagnosis, were evaluated according to different aspects. Haloperidol (0,1 mg/kg) administered orally causes potential changes similar to those known in the literature for natural sleep and chloral hydrate sleep (Freigang and Kevanishvili 1975). The components N2 and P3 are dominant in the potential picture instead of N1 and P2. Regarding sedation, the drug meets all requirements. The identification of the hearing level by means of the input/output functions could be performed in 24 per cent of all cases, whereas summation curves must be employed in 26 per cent and threshold determinations according to Biesalski in 30 per cent. Deafness is assumed in 20 per cent of the patients with nondetectable AEP. The average hearing loss evaluated according to age groups is between 55 and 70 dB.
In the Surgical and Gynecological Departments of the University of Mainz, Medical School, 50 patients were operated between 1964-1976 for mechanical and paralytical ileus and intestinal bleeding caused by radiation injury of the bowel. Diagnosis depends on the history of radiation therapy. At operation we have seen a recurrence of gynecological and other malignant growths only two times. Intestinal resection with anastomosis is the preferred method for the management of such radiation injuries. The postoperative dehiscence of the intestine was noticed only five times. In order to prevent higher mortality rates, operation should be carried out as soon as possible.
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The impact of various acoustic stimuli upon the cumulative action potential of the auditory nerves in guinea pigs is investigated by means of the averaging method. It was found that the potential amplitude within the measuring range increases with the logarithm of the rising sonic pressure velocity. Unlike the evoked response audiometry (ERA), this potential seems unsuitable for furnishing information of the frequency-dependent threshold course.
Surgery on coronary vessels requires high surgical skill. For this reason generally, operations on experimental animals are carried out for exercise. These operative interventions require an extensive display of technique and personnel. A phantom, i.e. an arrested perfused porcine heart, was used to exercise the surgical technique. Material and personnel could be spared by this way, and a great number of exercising operations was performed. The phantom is described and its efficiency discussed.
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A new ADA phenotype which is particularly susceptible to phenotypic changes following storage was observed. Family studies indicate that this type may be due to a new allele, ADA-7. The phenotype observed was classified as ADA 7-1.
An attempt was made to classify the atypical psychoses according to cross-sectional psychopathological criteria. We were able to separate two groups from a group of benign schizophrenics. The latter served more as a comparison group and were in every way similar to the nuclear group, except for a better social prognosis. Group C (atypical manic depressive illnesses) which was closer to manic depressive illness than the other two groups, differs from it by thought disorders and delusional experiences. In the further course of the illness, after a few schizophrenic symptoms had appeared once or repeatedly during the acute stage, the typical features of manic depressive illness came more and more to the fore. In group A (mixed psychotic syndrome) manic depressive and schizophrenic symptom complexes appeared for quite some time during the acute stage with approximately equal clarity and significance. In the further course, during which manic depressive phases as well as schizophrenic thrusts can make their appearances, one can often see the development of a 'hypomanic defect'. Systematised delusions, as well as grimacing and circumstantiality, can also persist frequently. On the whole, however, it is difficult to recognize the defect states from their original state once the illness has settled down. A classification of the atypical psychoses and their differentiation from typical manic depressive illness or nuclear schizophrenia is necessary, at least, because of the worse, respectively better, social prognosis of the atypical psychoses. This investigation should be continued further by using as control groups bi- and unipolar affective psychoses and nuclear schizophrenics with a severe course. The subgroups of the atypical psychoses will be used to evaluate different long-term therapies in a further study.
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