Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G Herold

Publications and source records attributed to G Herold.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Regulation of intestinal cholesterol metabolism].

The small bowel epithelium is of major importance in the cholesterol homeostasis of the organism. The morphological and functional heterogeneity of the gut, complicates studies on intestinal cholesterol metabolism. Cholesterol from diet, de novo synthesis and lipoproteins is strictly compartmentalized intracellularly and supports different metabolic needs. Interactions of cholesterol and lipoproteins were studied in cultured intestinal cells (IEC-6, CaCo-2). Newly synthesized cholesterol is mainly utilized for local purposes like membrane synthesis and is essential for cell growth. In contrast to other cell systems it cannot be replaced by LDL cholesterol in case of blocked synthesis. LDL is specifically bound, internalized and degraded. HDL3 also displays specific binding, internalisation and retroendocytosis, but is not degraded. The observed induction of HMG-CoA reductase, suppression of ACAT, as well as cholesterol efflux after contact of HDL3 with lipid droplets argue for intracellular cholesterol transfer to intact HDL3 and finally resecretion into the medium. HDL3 therefore appears as a mediator of reverse cholesterol transport also in the small intestinal epithelial cell.

Carrier Proteins↗
PubMed1990

[Local lysis of peritoneovenous shunt thrombosis with rt-PA].

We report five instances of local lysis with rt-PA (recombinant tissue type plasminogen activator) in three patients with thrombotic occlusions of their peritoneovenous Denver shunts (PVS). In all cases liver cirrhosis was alcohol-induced and ascites was refractory to all medical measures. Because of rethrombosis two patients were treated again after 13 months. The occlusion had occurred 2-30 days before treatment. In four of the five instances the local lysis was successful. Complications were rare. This scintigraphic visualization of the catheter system allowed assessment of shunt patency under physiological flow conditions. The local lysis of a thrombotic shunt with rt-PA and scintigraphic monitoring is a low-risk alternative to reoperation. Possible benefits compared to other fibrinolytics must be confirmed by a greater patient collective.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Measurement of respiratory resistance in healthy persons in the winter of 1985/86 and in January/February 1987].

From November to May 1986 oscillatory resistance Ros was measured 6 times in 72 healthy persons in Cologne. Every person was examined at a fixed time of day, respiratory symptoms and bronchopulmonary diseases were considered. Seasonal fluctuations of resistance were found, with slightly elevated values in autumn and spring compared to the winter. Regression analysis showed a decrease of the mean and range of resistance with increasing height and a slight increase in smokers. There was no relation between the seasonal pattern of resistance and the air pollutants, as expected due to relatively low ambient concentrations. When in January 1987 ambient pollution increased, the investigation was repeated on Jan 21, 1987, the day with the highest concentration (daily average of SO2: 256 micrograms/m3). In February control investigations were performed. The resistance was significantly elevated in January 1987 compared to February 87 or to January 86. These results agree with those of other authors, who found a slight impairment of lung function in healthy persons when daily averages of SO2 concentrations exceeded 250 micrograms/m3. However, changes of the same or a greater extent may be caused by meteorological factors.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Cholesterol synthesis and esterification in cultured intestinal mucosa. Evidence for compartmentation.

The current studies were undertaken to define the optimal conditions for measuring the absolute rates of cholesterol synthesis in cultured rabbit intestine and to assess whether the rate of sterol synthesis affects the esterification of locally formed or absorbed cholesterol. Using both [3H]water or [14C]octanoate (3 mM) as a precursor, sterol formation was linear during the 24 h culture, resulting in comparable estimates of the rate of synthesis equivalent to 129.5 and 118.7 nmol acetyl CoA incorporated per g per h, respectively. The presence of liposomal cholesterol or the hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitor mevinolin suppressed the rates of cholesterol synthesis by 24 and 92% of controls, respectively. Only 12% of total newly synthesized cholesterol was recovered in the medium and more than 97% was in the unesterified form, in both medium and biopsy. Even when the rate of sterol synthesis was stimulated over 90-fold by increasing concentrations of [14C]mevalonolactone, less than 8% of the label in total cholesterol was found in the sterol nucleus of the esterified cholesterol. Rather, the majority of the cholesterol ester-bound radioactivity was incorporated into the fatty acid moiety. On the other hand, there was only a limited decrease in the esterification of absorbed [3H]cholesterol both when the rate of sterol synthesis was increased with 10 mM mevalonolactone and when it was inhibited with mevinolin. The data suggest that locally synthesized and absorbed cholesterol is organized in distinct functional pools with different degrees of esterification in the mucosal epithelial cell.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[The level of the plasma proteins transferrin, retinol-binding protein and prealbumin in the postoperative parenteral feeding by administration of varying amounts of amino acids].

38 adult patients of a surgical intensive care ward received differently large amounts of amino acids during the course of postoperative parenteral nutrition. The dose of amino acids was adapted to the preoperative nutritional condition of the patient. Changes in the serum levels of retinol-binding protein, prealbumin and transferrin were registered as well as changes in total protein and nitrogen balance up to a maximum of 10 postoperative days. Depending upon the amount of administered amino acids, the values for transferrin and nitrogen balance had changed more significantly than those of serum concentrations of retinol-binding protein and of prealbumin.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[The behavior of bioelements during long-term parenteral feeding].

26 adult patients were investigated for 26--35 postoperative days while being fed parenterally. Serum levels and urine excretion of zinc, magnesium, calcium and phosphate were measured. From the results it can be assumed that only phosphate substitution is necessary during parenteral long-term nutrition.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Plasma protein levels during postoperative parenteral feeding].

In 58 adult intensive care patients, the concentration changes of some plasma proteins and of the immunoglobulins IgA, IgG and IgM were examined postoperatively under parenteral feeding. In three groups of patients with different operations (trepanation, gastrectomy, vascular surgery), the initial and subsequent values were not the same. A comparison with simultaneous nitrogen balances showed no complete agreement. Transferrin, retinol-binding protein and prealbumin seem to be suitable parameters for the measurement of catabolism.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1979

[Parameters of catabolism during long-term postoperative parenteral feeding].

In 26 adult patients of an intensive-care ward, the following parameters were controlled for 26 to 35 days under postoperative parenteral feeding: prealbumin, transferrin, and retinol-binding protein, the immunoglobulins IgA, IgM and IgG, total serum protein, Hb content, body-weight and urinary nitrogen elimination. In the early phase and also in the 2nd to 4th postoperative week, prealbumin and transferrin are apparently good indicators for the existence of a catabolic or anabolic metabolic condition.

Adult↗