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Biomedical subjects

G Heller

Publications and source records attributed to G Heller.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Arthroscopic surgery of the knee joint cartilage].

The arthroscopic surgery of articular cartilage of the knee is beside conservative therapy and invasive surgical procedures an important enrichment in treatment of chondromalacia stage II and III. In the Department of Surgery of the Municipal Hospital of Berlin-Weissensee 3250 arthroscopic operations were performed between January 1983 and December 1988. In 227 patients chondromalacia stage II and III was found which had to be treated by arthroscopic surgery. Four different operation methods were used.

Arthroscopy↗
PubMed1989

Prognosis in childhood rhabdomyosarcoma of the extremity.

From 1970 to 1987, 34 patients younger than 22 years of age with extremity rhabdomyosarcoma were treated at the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC). All patients were treated according to protocols consisting of surgery, radiotherapy, and multiple drug chemotherapy. Sixteen of 34 patients survived, and 14 continue to be disease-free; the 5-year survival rate was 44%. A retrospective univariate analysis of data according to the TNM staging system was undertaken. Tumor invasion, regional nodal involvement, distant metastases, and alveolar histologic condition each had a significant impact on survival. However, in multivariate analysis, the stage of disease at diagnosis was the most important predictor of survival outcome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Graft failure after T-cell-depleted human leukocyte antigen identical marrow transplants for leukemia: I. Analysis of risk factors and results of secondary transplants.

Risk factors for graft failure were analyzed in 122 recipients of an allogeneic T-cell-depleted human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-identical sibling marrow transplant as treatment for leukemia. In each case pretransplant immunosuppression included 1,375 to 1,500 cGy hyperfractionated total body irradiation and cyclophosphamide (60 mg/kg/d x 2). No patient received immunosuppression prosttransplant for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. Nineteen patients in this group experienced graft failure. The major factors associated with graft failure were transplants from male donors and the age of the patient (or donor). Among male recipients of male donor-derived grafts a low dose per kilogram of nucleated cells, progenitor cells (colony forming unit-GM) and T cells was also associated with graft failure. Additional irradiation to 1,500 cGy, high dose corticosteroids posttransplant, and additional peripheral blood donor T cells did not decrease the incidence of graft failure. In addition, type of leukemia, time from diagnosis to transplant, an intact spleen, or the presence of antidonor leukocyte antibodies did not correlate with graft failure. To ensure engraftment of secondary transplants, further immunosuppression was necessary but was poorly tolerated. However, engraftment and survival could be achieved with an immunosuppressive regimen in which antithymocyte globulin and high dose methylprednisolone were administered both before and after infusions of secondary partially T-cell-depleted marrow grafts.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

Organization and nucleotide sequence of a transcriptional unit of Methanococcus vannielii comprising genes for protein synthesis elongation factors and ribosomal proteins.

By a chromosome walking strategy the DNA region from Methanococcus vannielii flanking the genes for protein synthesis elongation factor (EF) 1 alpha and EF-2 was cloned and sequenced. A gene organization of 5' - beta' - open reading frame (ORF) 1 - ORF2 - S12 - S7 - EF-2 - EF-1 alpha - S10 - ORF3 - ORF4 - 3' was found where beta', S12, S7, S10, EF-2, and EF-1 alpha represent gene products with sequences similar to the beta' subunit of RNA polymerase, ribosomal proteins S12, S7, and S10, and EF-G and EF-Tu from Escherichia coli, respectively. ORF1-4 represent gene products with no known eubacterial counterparts. Northern blot analysis of transcripts and nuclease S1 mapping showed that transcription initiates between beta' and ORF1 and terminates at the 3' side of the S10 gene and that the genes from ORF1 to S10 are cotranscribed. Apart from the presence of two additional ORFs, ORF1 and ORF2, and of the gene for S10, this organization is identical to that of the eubacterial "streptomycin operon." ORF1 displays sequence similarity to rat liver ribosomal protein L30 and may represent one of the "additional" ribosomal proteins of Methanococcus. The sequenced part of the beta' gene and the EF-2 and EF-1 alpha gene products from Methanococcus are more similar to their eukaryotic than to their eubacterial counterparts. It appears, therefore, that the genetic organization of the translational components resembles the situation in eubacteria, whereas their primary structures are more eukaryotic in nature.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

Mortality in pediatric paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma: a multivariate analysis.

We performed a retrospective analysis of 28 children presenting with confirmed paratesticular embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma to examine factors predictive of fatal outcome. Complete surgery, defined as radical inguinal orchiectomy with clear microscopic margins plus radical, retroperitoneal lymph node dissection with extirpation of all gross disease, was performed in 21 patients (75 per cent). All patients received chemotherapy and 20 received radiation therapy according to protocol. Of the patients 16 have survived for more than 5 years with no evidence of disease. Univariate analysis revealed that only the presence of parenchymal metastases at diagnosis (p less than or equal to 0.040) and unresectability (p less than or equal to 0.003) were significant predictors of fatal outcome. Multivariate analysis showed that unresectability was the most important predictor of mortality with an estimated relative risk of 5.8.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Low-dose dithranol in psoriasis of the face].

Ungt. Dithranoli 0.075 and 0.1% L/W cum Spir. Picis lithanthrac. 5% is an alternative in the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris on the face region as shown by bilateral comparison studies with fluocinolone acetonide 0.025% (Flucinar cream).

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1989

Immune reconstitution following bone marrow transplantation: comparison of recipients of T-cell depleted marrow with recipients of conventional marrow grafts.

The reconstitution of hematopoietic cells and in vitro assays of immunologic function have been followed in leukemic patients after conventional bone marrow transplantation (BMT) (N = 34) and T-cell depleted BMT (N = 52) from human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-identical sibling donors. No effects of the T-cell depletion could be seen on the recovery of myeloid or lymphoid cells as measured by the day to engraftment or by the absolute number of cells through day 100. Normal numbers of lytically active natural killer cells returned the earliest and were rapidly followed in both groups of patients by the appearance of circulating B cells and normalization of the responses to B-cell mitogens. However, the recovery of normal T-cell proliferative responses were more delayed in recipients of T-cell depleted grafts. Significant quantitative differences were seen only during the first 3 months after transplantation. Neither the number of CD3+ T cells nor the ratio of CD4:CD8 positive cells differed markedly between the two transplant groups. Mitogen-induced immunoglobulin production by peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from patients following T-cell depleted BMT was quantitatively less than that of conventional marrow recipients through the first year, with low normal IgM production reached by 4 to 6 months in both groups. IgG production reached low normal 7 to 9 months after conventional BMT but did not remain at this level until 1 year following either type of transplant. Assessment of the incidence of infections from the day the absolute neutrophil count reached 500 until day 180 after transplant revealed no significant differences between the two groups; indeed, the overall nonleukemic mortality was higher in the recipients of conventional bone marrow. Thus, in our series, the removal of mature cells from the marrow graft did not affect the rate or degree of recovery of myeloid and lymphoid cells but did affect the regeneration of in vitro T-cell dependent functions. We noted early quantitative differences and a delay in the normalization of the T-cell functions measured rather than prolonged absolute deficiencies. The in vitro deficiencies did not result in significant clinically apparent differences between the two groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Gene for the diphtheria toxin-susceptible elongation factor 2 from Methanococcus vannielii.

Protein synthesis elongation factor 2 (EF-2) from all archaebacteria so far analysed, is susceptible to inactivation by diphtheria toxin, a property which it shares with EF-2 from the eukaryotic 8OS translation system. To resolve the structural basis of diphtheria toxin susceptibility, the structural gene for the EF-2 from an archaebacterium, Methanococcus vannielii, was cloned and its nucleotide sequence determined. It was found that (i) this gene is closely linked to that coding for elongation factor 1 alpha-(EF-1 alpha), (ii) the size of the gene product, as derived from the nucleotide sequence, lies between those for EF-2 from eukaryotes and eubacteria, (iii) it displays a higher sequence similarity to eukaryotic EF-2 than to eubacterial homologues, and (iv) the histidine residue which is modified to diphthamide and then ADP-ribosylated by diphtheria toxin is present in a sequence context similar to that of eukaryotic EF-2 but it is not conserved in eubacterial EF-G. The EF-2 gene from Methanococcus is expressed in transformed Saccharomyces cerevisiae but is not ADP-ribosylated by diphtheria toxin. This indicates that the Saccharomyces enzyme system is unable to post-translationally convert the respective histidine residue from the Methanococcus EF-2 into diphthamide.

Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose↗
PubMed1988

Recurrence and morbidity in differentiated thyroid carcinoma in children.

The management of differentiated thyroid cancer in childhood is controversial. In particular, the role of aggressive surgical treatment has been questioned. This study was performed to identify those factors that are predictive of recurrence and morbidity following treatment through use of a multivariate model. The records of all patients 17 years of age or less admitted in the last 35 years with histologically confirmed differentiated thyroid carcinoma were reviewed. Data were sufficient for multivariate analysis in 93. The mean age at diagnosis was 13.3 years, and the median period of follow-up was 20 years. Seventy-one percent of the patients had nodal metastases. There were no deaths from thyroid carcinoma in this series, and the overall recurrence rate after initial treatment was 34%. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that only age (p less than or equal to 0.07) and histologic subtype (p less than or equal to 0.01) were predictive of time to recurrence. Major morbidity was a function of age (p less than or equal to 0.007) and extent of thyroid surgery (p less than or equal to 0.01). Probability of minor complications was predicted by use of radical neck dissection (p less than or equal to 0.02). Use of total or subtotal thyroidectomy or of radical neck dissection in children does not prevent recurrence and is associated with an increased risk of complications. We conclude that these procedures should be avoided in pediatric patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Arthroscopy of the knee joint. Analysis of 1,200 studies].

Knee-joints were arthroscopically examined in 1,200 cases at Berlin-Weissensee Hospital, between January 1983 and February 1986. A very high number of patients was above 40 years of age. A high percentage of chondropathies affecting the median condyle of the femur was one of the conspicuous findings. These lesions were causatively attributed to median meniscus damage or instability of ligaments. Included in the above cases were 221 total ruptures, 72 partial ruptures of the LCA, 13 full and 32 partial ruptures of the LCP. Partial meniscectomy had to be performed on 190 patients. Cartilage surgery proved to be problematic. Long-time results are still missing. Two infections of joints were recorded among the above 1,200 knee-joint examinations by arthroscopy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Indications and technic of arthroscopic meniscus refixation].

Arthroscopy was applied in 792 instances to 47 knee joints, between 5 and 20 years after meniscectomy. High rates of cartilage damage, some of them accompanied by instability of the knee joint were among the most conspicuous findings. Total, subtotal, and partial meniscectomy and their effects upon the mechanism and functionality of the knee joint are discussed in some detail. An account is given of indication and arthroscopic technique for peripheral meniscus fixation.

Arthroscopes↗
PubMed1986

[Arthroscopic meniscus surgery].

Reported in this paper are 142 cases of arthroscopic meniscectomy treated in the Surgical Department of Berlin-Weissensee Hospital, between 1983 and 1985. An account is given of techniques applied to different types of rupture, and reference is made to both advantages and potential complications of arthroscopic surgery. The video technique is considered to be of great importance to endoscopic operations on the knee joint.

Arthroscopes↗