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Biomedical subjects

G Heimann

Publications and source records attributed to G Heimann.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Biological availability of fluoride after combined administration with vitamin D3 in man (author's transl)].

Six adults ingested 1 mg fluoride, first as NaF in a watery solution and, secondly, in tablet form (D-Fluoretten 1000). Fluoride concentration was almost identical in the two series. After initial values within the normal range concentrations rapidly rose to a maximum (six times normal) reached on average after 30 minutes, followed by an, at first steep then more gradual, fall in concentration over eight hours. The area under the curve was similar in the two series. These results indicate that the biological availability of fluoride is not influenced by vitamin D3 in the adult and, presumably, in the small child as well.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Indocyanine green kinetics in newborns with non-hemolytic hyperbilirubinemia (author's transl)].

The kinetic parameters of indocyanine green elimination from blood were determined after an intravenous load of the dye in a dosage of 2-4 mg per kg body weight in 22 newborns with a non-hemolytic hyperbilirubinemia. Since the uptake of indocyanine green by liver is selectively carried out and the dye is not further metabolised, these kinetic parameters serve as measures for the performance of hepatocellular elimination. 11 of these newborns were treated 5 days previously with 7.5 mg phenobarbital per kg body weight. Compared to the untreated group, the serum bilirubin concentration significantly decreased after treatment with phenobarbital and the parameters of elimination of the dye from blood changed as described by saturation-kinetics. The maximal elimination-rate Vmax and the Michaelis-Menten-constant Km were significantly higher in newborns treated with phenobarbital (71.1 muMol/l-min and 356.4 muMol/l) than in the untreated ones (23.4 muMol/l-min and 100.0 mutmol/l). Kinetic data of indocyanine green elimination gathered in newborns treated with and without phenobarbital support the hypothesis that cytoplasmatic proteins oliver should facilitate the uptake of organic anions inclusively bilirubin into the liver cell. A defiency of such transport proteins may be one of the causes of non-hemolytic hyperbilirubinemia in newborns.

Female↗
PubMed1977

The age-dependence of intestinal absorption using d-xylose as an example.

In 40 infants the serum concentrations of D-xylose were measured from capillary blood samples up to 300 min after an oral dosage of 0.5 g of D-xylose per kg body weight. The parameters of the absorption kinetics, which are calculated by a digital computer program, showed an age-dependent behavior. Infants up to the age of 2 months have lower maximal serum concentrations compared to older ones because of a larger volume of distribution. The rate constant of invasion k1, which serves as a measure for the rate of intestinal absorption and the rate constant of elimination k2 were significantly lower in infants up to the age of 2 months compared to older ones. The quotient of k1:k2 was independent of age. The time it took to reach maximal serum concentration was significantly longer in young infants. By adding metoclopramide simultanously to the oral D-xylose doses it could be demonstrated that the slower motility of the gastrointestinal tract in newborns and young infants is not exclusively responsible for the slower rate of absorption of D-xylose. Comparing the absorption rates in 26 infants after different D-xylose dosages a saturation kinetics may be supposed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1977

[Diagnostic procedure in congenital saccharase-deficiency (author's transl)].

The diagnostic procedure is described in a 20 months old infant suffering from hereditary saccharase-deficiency. As a simple and adequate method the kinetic analysis of the oral disaccharide-tolerance-test can be used. The comparison of the areas under the glucose-concentration-curves in blood after the oral monosaccharide (glucose and fructose) and disaccharide (saccharose)-load, can be used as a measure for activity of saccharase in the intestinal mucosa.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1977

[T3-thyrotoxicosis in a 12 year old girl (author's transl)].

Isolated Triiodothyronine (T3) hyperthyroidism in childhood is rate. The incidence among hyperthyroid children is about 10%. The authors present a case history of a 12 2/12 year old girl with T3-thyrotoxicosis. Cause, diagnosis and therapy are thoroughly discussed. The importance to estimating serum T3 concentration for establishing the diagnosis of T3 hyperthyroidism is emphasized.

Child↗
PubMed1977

[Excretion of D-glucaric-acid in newborns with non-hemolytic hyperbilirubinemia after phenobarbital treatment (author's transl)].

The excretion of D-glucaric-acid during 24 hours in the urine, which is a measure for the activity of microsomal liver enzymes, was determined in 33 newborns. From 22 newborns with non-hemolytic unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia 11 were treated with 7.5 mg phenobarbital per kilogram bodyweight 5 days and afterwards the excretion of D-glucaric-acid was measured. In contrast to the untreated newborns there was a significant decrease of the bilirubin concentration in the serum and a concomitant increase of the D-glucaric acid excretion from 0,052 mumol/day/kg to 0,388 mumol/day/kg (mean values). A negative correlation (r = -0,51) could be calculated between the bilirubin concentration in the serum and the excretion of D-glucaric-acid after treatment with phenobarbital.

Bilirubin↗
PubMed1976

[Parameters of the elimination of phenolsulfonphthaleine (phenolred) in children (author's transl)].

The elimination of phenol-red was examined in 124 children without renal diseases. The normal values of the kinetic parameters were determined after intravenous injection of 3-4 mg dye per kg bodyweight. The elimination-half-life, which is independent from bodyweight and length was used as measure for the renal tubular secretion. In newborns (85,8 min) and young infants up to the age of 6 months (25,4 min) elimination-half-lives were longer than in older ones. After the second year of life (19,7 min) normal values of adults could be determined. The total clearance of phenol-red is smaller in newborns (185 ml/kg/h) than in children older than one year (643 ml/kg/h). Prematures had a longer elimination-half-life and a smaller total clearance than mature newborns.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Minibrain/DYRK1A gene: candidate gene for mental retardation in Down's syndrome?].

DYRK1A is the first member of a novel subfamily of protein kinases with dual specificity. The human gene for DYRK1A is located in the "Down syndrome critical region" (21q22.2). Due to its relationship to the Drosophila gene minibrain (Mnb), whose mutation results in specific defects in neurogenesis, and based on functional experiments on transgenic mice, DYRK1A is discussed as a candidate gene for mental retardation in Down syndrome. The kinase is characterized by its ability to catalyze tyrosine-directed autophosphorylation as well as phosphorylation of serine/threonine residues in substrates. Its exact cellular function is yet unknown. DYRK1A is, however, known to be translocated into the nucleus and supposed to be involved in the control of cell growth and development. The pathogenetic impact of DYRK1A on Down syndrome needs further elucidation.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Combined treatment of nasopharyngeal cancer in children and adolescents--concept of a study].

Nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPCs) are malignant tumors which exhibit a wide disparity in their age, racial, and geographic incidence. In parts of Africa NPCs account for 10% to 20% of childhood malignancies. In USA and Europe, the NCP is an uncommon tumor (0.2% of all malignancies) and amounts to only 1% to 2% of childhood malignancies. Etiology and pathogenesis are closely related to an infection with Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) and the EBV genome was detected in tumor tissues. Children with NPC differ from their adult counterparts in having a closer association with Epstein-Barr-Virus-Infections. The classical lymphoepithelial carcinomas (Cologne type II-type III) have been found in young patients. Clinically, the disease is aggressive, characterised by frequent metastases in bone and lung. These carcinomas are associated with significantly elevated anti-EBV-titers. The prognosis of children with advanced NPC is poor with a 5-year survival rate between 20-30%. Radiotherapy is the treatment of choice in NPC which has provided an improvement in local tumor control in recent years. Human fibroblast interferon is an active agent in recurrent NPC. Seven children have been treated with IFN-beta, (6 with human und 1 with recombinant IFN-beta) as an adjuvant therapy in doses of 10(5) U/kg body weight three times a week for half a year. All patients received radiotherapy to primary site and had advanced stages (III-IV) at presentation. The patients' age ranged from 14-19 years at diagnosis. Six are still in CR (RFS are 10, 8, 8, 7, 6 and 1.5 years) and one patient relapsed after 18 months.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Increased incidence of developmental hip dysplasia in hypertrophic newborn infants].

"Lack of space" in utero is considered to be a major factor in the aetiology of the congenital dislocation of the hip. This study tries to answer the question whether hypertrophy of a newborn has to be regarded as a risk factor on the basis of the principle mentioned above. The results of postnatal clinical and sonographical examination performed on 98 large-for-gestational-age (LGA-) newborn were compared to those performed on 310 newborn children during a non selective screening program. Among the LGA-newborn pathological hip joints were found more often mainly female LGA-newborn infants were affected. It seemed that the birth weight did not correlate to the extent of the retardation of the hip joint development. It was again confirmed that the restriction to only clinical diagnostic procedures in the neonatal period is not effective in the early diagnosis of the malformation. Hypertrophy of a newborn has to be considered as a risk factor behind the development of congenital dislocation of the hip. It is recommended to examine all LGA-newborn infants post partum by clinical and most importantly also by sonographical means to recognize a retardation of hip joint development.

Birth Weight↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Glucose homeostasis in mucoviscidosis].

In patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) of the pancreas an endocrine imbalance especially of insulin secretion due to progressive structural abnormalities of the pancreas must be expected. 30-75 percent of CF-patient exhibit impaired oral glucose tolerance tests (oGTT). Deterioration of the glucose homeostasis leads to a secondary diabetes mellitus that mimics a type II diabetes in the early stage, in the later course of disease it resembles a type I diabetes with absolute insulinopenia. In this study glucose homeostasis was investigated after an oral glucose load with 1.75 g glucose/kg bodyweight. Glucose, C-peptide and insulin were measured during 180 minutes. 32 nondiabetic CF-patients were studied. 16 patients revealed an impaired oral glucose tolerance according to the criteria of the National Diabetes Data Group. 6 patients showed a normal glucose tolerance and 10 patients with normal fasting and 120 minute glucose concentrations were hyperglycemic at midtest determinations. Impaired oGTTs were observed in malnourished CF-patients in a higher rate than in normal weight patients. A delayed and exceeded C-peptide and insulin response to the oral glucose load was determined with deteriorating glucose tolerance. Glucose values did not drop to fasting values at the 180 minute determination in cases of impaired oral glucose tolerance.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Taurine supplementation in cystic fibrosis (CF): effect on vitamin E absorption kinetics].

Oral vitamin E (Vit.E) bioavailability is reduced in CF patients especially in case of malnourishment. Both exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and an altered bile acid composition showing an elevated glycine taurine ratio of conjugated bile acids which is due to excessive loss of bile acids in the stools may contribute to this observation. Because taurine supplementation reduces the glycine/taurine ratio of bile acids in duodenal juice of CF-patients it was the objective of this study to evaluate the effect of taurine supplementation on Vit.E absorption kinetics. Oral Vit.E tolerance tests (50 mg/kg) were performed before and after 3 months of taurine supplementation (30 mg/kg/day) in 11 CF patients (ages 7 to 22 years) under fasting conditions. Bodyweight and or weight for height of all patients were below the 25th percentile. Doses of all medications except antibiotics were kept unchanged during the study. Any additional Vit.E supplementation was stopped 14 days prior to each test. Serum Vit.E levels were measured over a 24 hour period. Determination of serum Vit.E concentrations was performed with a HPLC fluorescence technique. The glycine/taurine ratio in serum served as compliance parameter and dropped in all but one patients. Baseline Vit.E concentrations and serum Vit.E/total lipids ratios in serum considered as parameters of the Vit.E status increased significantly. Both the maximal Vit.E concentrations in serum and the areas under the oral absorption curves showed a significant increase with taurine supplementation. This study shows that the Vit.E status of malnourished CF patients can be improved with taurine supplementation due to improved Vit.E absorption kinetics.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of nutritional status on absorption kinetics of vitamin E in mucoviscidosis].

Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency with varying severity must be anticipated in 85-95% of CF patients. It leads to fat maldigestion and malabsorption of the liposoluble vitamins - A, D, E, K - and fecal loss of fat. In general, supplementation with fat-soluble vitamins is recommended in CF patients. In this study an oral vitamin E tolerance test (100 mg/kg bodyweight) was performed in 5 healthy adult volunteers to elaborate a vitamin E absorption kinetics and additionally in CF patients on medication with pancreatic enzymes to evaluate the absorption of vitamin E. 19 CF patients (ages 4 to 19 years) were studied after cessation of any additional vitamin E supplementation for 7 days. Vitamin E serum concentrations were sampled over a 72 hour period. Serum vitamin E determinations were performed with a HPLC-fluorescence technique. The kinetics of Vitamin E in healthy volunteers can be described with an open 2 compartment model. CF patients revealed consistently an altered kinetics of absorption of vitamin E, which was not compatible with this model. Baseline (c*) and maximal serum concentrations (cmax) of vitamin E as well as the area outer the oral absorption curve (AUC) correlated with the nutritional status expressed by bodyweight percentiles in CF patients. The results of this study show that in normal weight CF patients on pancreatic enzymes medication vitamin E depletion is unlikely.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Oral↗